The 2nd African Organic Conference â Mainstreaming ... - ICROFS

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2 nd AFRICAN ORGANIC CONFERENCE 2012 May 2-4, 2012 in Lusaka, Zambia HOW&FAIR&TRADE&STRENGTHEN&ORGANIC&FARMING&AND&VICE&VERSA,&& ESPECIALLY&IN&AFRICA& ISABEL VERTRIEST Oxfam Wereldwinkels Belgium Abstract The activities of Oxfam are rooted in indignation about unfair trade relations and practices between the North and the South. Our answer to this injustice is an attitude of solidarity. That is why Oxfam consider Fair Trade to be a Sustainable Economic Development Strategy (FairSEDeS), or the use of trade as a key lever for the development of disadvantaged producer groups. Together we strive to obtain more bargaining clout in negotiations, more ownership of the production process and a greater economic independence for our producers. This means: • The basic price (minimum price) is essential • We opt as much as possible to establish trading relations with small, disadvantaged producers • The Fair Trade premium is always part of the price we pay producers • On request, we facilitate pre-financing for producers • The percentage of Fair Trade ingredients must be as high as possible: Fair Trade as a hub to organic farming or vice versa. Because of the disadvantaged situation of producers in Africa organic farming is common, however without Organic certification. Organic certification is needed to obtain the organic price in the market. In Latin America the volume of the production often decrease starting with organic certification. In many Latin American coffee regions people were used to utilize fertilizers and becoming organic decreases the production. That is in the African coffee production different. And many coffee producers uses their Fair Trade extra income to get the organic certification. We opt very clearly for more ownership for our producers. We want them to gain more control over (part of) the production and trade chain, in order to make their position in the local and regional economic context stronger. That way, producers and their communities do not just own their coffee or cocoa but also have the opportunity to grow. Description of organic coffee: Case KCU in Tanzania: First Fair Trade and now conversion towards organic Robusta coffee. Case Sopackdi Congo, Gumutindo Uganda, Oromya Ethiopia and Rooibostea ORGANIC&FARMING&IN&THE&CONTEXT&OF&KILIMO&KWANZA,&TANZANIA& MWADHINI O. MYANZA Executive Director, Tanzania Abstract Kilimo Kwanza, “a mother earth agricultural model” is the current household name in Tanzania, demonstrates a need for integration of crop and animal production and fishing industry. Its popularity is hinged on its centrality in the economic development endeavors, well thought initiative created by a thinktank taxed by the Government to look into ways and means to revitalize agriculture by addressing crosscutting issues. The concept is intended to fast track agricultural development measures by embarking on a number of interventions in a spirit of Public –Private –Partnership. Ten actionable pillars of Kilimo Kwanza are; Political will to push natural agricultural transformation, Enhance financing for agriculture, Institutional reorganization and management of agriculture, Paradigm shift to strategic agricultural production, Land availability for agriculture, Incentives to stimulate investments in agriculture, Industrialization for agricultural transformation, Science, technology and human BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 27
2 nd AFRICAN ORGANIC CONFERENCE 2012 May 2-4, 2012 in Lusaka, Zambia resources to support agricultural transformation, Infrastructure Development to support agricultural transformation and Mobilization. The model focuses on healthy and just farms, food systems, communities and environment by bringing people together for education, alliance building and advocacy. Collection of specific natural methods, which when applied to farming, produces results that are in harmony with the environment which include Land preparation, planting, management of crop growth, weed management, harvesting, storage and marketing. Soil conservation and management contribute about 60 % of the crop quantity and quality production. For efficient organic farming, the growers need to know much about soil. Mineral matter 45% Organic matte 5% Air 25% Water 25% Air Water Organic matte Mineral matter Small holder farmers have doubled food production in a decade by using simple ecological methods and most efficient farming techniques. Scientific evidence demonstrates that organic methods outperform the use of chemical fertilizers in boosting food production where the hungry live –especially in unfavorable environments, headed. Soils productivity and crops protection against pests have greatly improved by natural environment such as beneficial trees, plants, animals and insects, according to the local studies. Agro-ecological projects in IRTECO intervention areas have shown an average income increase of 60 per cent. SYSTEM&OF&RICE&INTENSIFICATION:&CASE&STUDY&OF&A&RICE&CULTIVATION&METHOD&FOR& INCREASING&RICE&GRAIN&YIELD&THROUGH&BETTER&MANAGEMENT&PRACTICES&AND& ORGANIC&AGRICULTURE& Abstract Several innovations have been made in rice cultivation in order to increase grain yield and[ ]better meet the world’s food demand. The “Green Revolution”[ ]which was one such accomplishment has undoubtedly contributed to a tremendous yield increase in Asia, where many farmers were able to afford the new technology. However, it failed to help many farmers in Africa, where farmers are constrained by their limited financial resources and which is characterized by an immense variability of agro-ecological conditions. While plant growth and productivity are known to derive from the interaction between genetic potential (G) and environmental factors (E), efforts to improve rice production have usually focused on making changes in G, assuming a standard E that is created by conventional rice-growing practices. Genotypes have been assessed for their performance in continuously-flooded paddy soils, with optimallydense plant populations, with reliance on inorganic fertilization to raise yields. 28 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS
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