The 2nd African Organic Conference â Mainstreaming ... - ICROFS

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2 nd AFRICAN ORGANIC CONFERENCE 2012 May 2-4, 2012 in Lusaka, Zambia OPPORTUNITIES&FOR&ORGANIC&MARKET&DEVELOPMENT&IN&TANZANIA& EVELYNE, A. LAZARO, SEVERIN DONASIAN AND KALUNDE P. SIBUGA Sokoine University of Agriculture, Tanzania, P. O. Box 3007, Morogoro Lazaroa55@yahoo.co.uk &lazaroa@suanet.ac.tz Abstract Agriculture is ‚‘a backbone of the economy of Tanzania . For almost fifty years, since Tanzania independence in 1961, this has been a key slogan in documents in Tanzania. Development efforts in Tanzania has to a large extent focused on improvements of the agriculture sector and the rural sector where the majority of the poor reside. Policy oriented efforts include the establishment of the national wide Agricultural Sector Development Programme( 2006/2007) and the current Kilimo Kwanza as a key strategy for poverty reduction. These efforts aim at transforming the agricultural sector for higher economic growth, poverty reduction and improved food security. These efforts need to be concious of possible environmental effects that may result from application of some external industrial inputs. Organic agriculture has the potential to reduce negative enviromental impacts resulting from halful inputs. Promotion of Organic agriculture however, requires critical analysis of markets for organic products. Organic agricuture is largely a market-oriented production. The current global trends in organic products trade and consumers tastes provide an oppotunity for organic agriculture in Tanzania. These trends to some extent have influences organic agricultre practitioners to focus more on export market of organic prodcuts. This paper argues that with the current trends in organic production in Tanzania efforts by both the private sector and government should aim at value addition and developing domestic markets for organic products. The opportunites for domestic market for organic products result for the expantion of the tourist sector, introduction of supermarkets and environmental consiousness among local consumers. Key words: Tanzania, Organic agriculture, organic market development RIGHT&TIMING&FOR&COMPOST&APPLICATION:&OBD:PLUS&COMPOST&EXPERIENCE&IN& RAISING&MAIZE&(ZEA&MAYS)& & O. E. AYANFE-OLUWA, 1 , V.O. ADURAMIGBA-MODUPE, 2 AND O. O. ADEOLUWA 3 1 Federal College Agriculture, Moor Plantation, Ibadan, Nigeria 2 Institute of Agricultural Research and Training, Moor Plantation, Ibadan, Nigeria 3 Department of Agronomy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria *Corresponding author: femcrown2004@yahoo.com Abstract The right time for composts application is crucial to the timely mineralization of their nutrients for crop use. The right time of application of OBD-plus, a city waste based organic fertilizer was investigated using maize (Zea mays) as the test crop. The field experiment replicated three times was conducted in the experimental site of the Institute of Agricultural Research and Training, Moor Plantation, Ibadan, Nigeria with a randomized complete block design. The treatments used were 5, 10 and 10 t/ha OBD-plus compost, mineral fertilizer (300kg/ha NPK 15-15-15) and Control (no soil additive). The different levels of compost were applied two weeks before planting while the mineral fertilizer was applied 2 weeks after planting. The treatment means were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and the means were compared using standard error of means (SEM) The results of this investigation (at P
2 nd AFRICAN ORGANIC CONFERENCE 2012 May 2-4, 2012 in Lusaka, Zambia however, 10 t OBD (35.02 kg/ha) performed better than the NPK 15-15-15 (25.24 kg/ha) in the residual planting as revealed by the grain yield of maize. Thus the result of this finding suggests that OBD-Plus could be a good Compost if applied early enough to ensure mineralization of its nutrients to meet up with crop demand. Thus a good understanding of the potential of Composts vis-à-vis its right time of application is essential in profitable fertilizer application. Key words: OBD- plus, city waste, compost, Zea mays. POLICY&AND&ADVOCACY&ISSUES:&DEVELOPING&THE&ORGANIC&AGRICULTURE&SECTOR&IN& ZIMBABWE;&A&CASE&OF&MASHONALAND&EAST& FORTUNATE HOFISI NYAKANDA Z O P P A Trust, Zimbabwe, fortunate@zoppa.org.zw Abstract Zimbabwe is one country that has been working to get into organic agriculture for more than 20 years now with limited success. There are a few individuals who managed to do it and do it well and managed to access the export niche’ market with certified organic products. Attempts have been done by farmer groups, organisations and individuals who intended to do it but somehow failed and ended up doing sustainable agriculture. Therefore most of the intended organic agriculture failed to go beyond just sustainable agriculture to true organics. A study was carried by ZOPPA in 2011 to look at the bottle necks to the development of this sector. This paper summarises the findings to this study and give some recommendations, the recommendations which came from stakeholders. Key words: ZOPPA- Zimbabwe organic producers and Promoters Association AN&AGGRESSIVE&INVADING&WEED&POSES&CHALLENGE&&TO&& ORGANIC&AGRICULTURE&IN&NJGERIA.& GIDEON O ADEOYE Department of Agronomy, University of Ibadan, Nigeria Email; kutulolaola@yahoo.com Abstract In Nigeria an unclassified noxious and aggressive weed has invaded the farming system. Till now weed taxonomists have been trying to classify the weed. Can you help us? It took over our cassava farm. The bulk volume of soil taken by the root in the rhizosphere is 10-100 times the biomass weight. It thrives where other weeds and cultivated crops fail. It is an indicator plant for deficiency symptoms in soil fertility evaluation of essential elements. When hand weeded, the stems re-establish themselves with ease because nodes and even internode cells develop roots easily. The prevailing weeds in the ecosystem -Chromolina odorata and Tithonia diversifolia are displaced by this noxious weed. The weed resembles Aspilia spp but the leaves and inflorescence are distinct. The weed is suspected to be a cross in the family Asteracea. Because of its economic devastation in the farming system, reducing yield of crops below economic levels it is named in Yoruba Language in Nigeria (‘Polokolekun’ or ‘Yomiloju oloko’) interpreted as ‘make farmer to shed tears or to weep for sorrow because of crop failure and economic loss. 48 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS
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