Social and Solidarity Economy: Our common road towards Decent ...

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SOCIAL AND SOLIDARITY ECONOMY ACADEMY The microeconomic package involves ten programmes, including rural development policy in which SSEOs can contribute to improving livelihoods in rural communities and helping rural households increase their production. 18 The International Forum on the SSE The International Forum on the SSE (Forum International de l’Économie Sociale et Solidaire – FIESS) – to be held on 17–20 October 2011– was organized by the Chantier de l’économie sociale in Montreal, Quebec (Canada). The main theme of the FIESS will be to deal with “the need for dialogue between the State and civil society to develop enabling public policy for the social and solidarity economy”, and five sub-themes were defined (i.e. territories and local development, innovation and collective entrepreneurship, solidarity finance and trade, work and employment and food security and sovereignty). The ILO has been actively involved in the preparations for this event. It has produced a background paper for the sub-theme on work and employment and has funded and supervised national case studies in Mali and South Africa. The FIESS aims to bring together approximately 1,000 participants (e.g. promoters, researchers, funders, NGOs, government officials, civil society organizations and social partners) from Quebec, Canada and more than 50 countries from the Americas, Africa, Asia and Europe. The Mont Blanc Meetings (Les Rencontres du Mont Blanc) Organized every year by an association in France, the Mont Blanc Meetings bring together stakeholders leading the promotion of the SSE, such as CEOs of mutual societies, cooperatives, non-profit organizations, foundations, non-governmental organizations and international organizations (e.g. ILO, UNDP). Beyond offering an international forum for SSE actors, the Mont Blanc Meetings are bringing together efforts to support and implement concrete SSE projects. Since 2004, over 30 projects have been launched in various areas including training, international monitoring, protecting and strengthening the SSE and creating an international observatory on SSE practices. 19 The Reader and the Academy 2011 Based on the success of the 2010 SSEA (Social and Solidarity Economy Academy) the second edition (Montreal, Canada, 24–28 October 2011) aims to enhance the understanding of the SSE in relation to the four pillars of the Decent Work Agenda (i.e. employment creation, social protection, social dialogue and legal and policy frameworks). This Reader is divided into two main parts. The first part intends to set the boundaries for the concept of the SSE and to deal with key issues related to its functioning and development. The second part of the Reader explores specific SSE issues from a case-study perspective. Topics in this second part have been suggested mainly by the participants of the 2010 Academy. 18 Source: The new growth path: the framework (www.info.gov.za/view/DownloadFileAction?id=135748 - July 2011). 19 For more information: www.rencontres-montblanc.coop/?q=en (August 2011). xiv READER
SOCIAL AND SOLIDARITY ECONOMY ACADEMY The aim of the first chapter is to build a common understanding of the concept of the SSE. It begins by mapping the SSE through its most common types of enterprises and organizations. It then describes the common features of SSE organizations, demonstrating the coherence of the SSE concept while emphasizing the diverse forms in which the concept can be manifested. The chapter also gives an overview of some related concepts and approaches used in the SSE. The second chapter deals with governance and management issues of SSEOs. Indeed, a common feature of SSEOs is that their governance and operations are influenced by collective ownership and participatory principles. The chapter also provides insights on the strengths and weaknesses in managing SSEOs and the opportunities for improving their efficiency. Several management and governance tools are described in the context of the daily reality of SSEOs. The development of the SSE often requires public policies to recognize the particularities and added value of the SSE in economic, social and societal terms (e.g. forms of governance, outreach of vulnerable groups). Chapter 3 presents some public policies that have been created to support the development of the SSE at the international, national and local levels. The chapter also describes best practices in the elaboration of public policies. The SSE cannot be developed or sustained by isolated organizations and enterprises. Chapter 4 addresses networking and partnerships, which are key factors in building a strong, recognized and visible SSE. SSEOs need to root themselves in community, mobilize various stakeholders and build strong alliances with social partners and public authorities. SSEOs also need to network among themselves at the local, national and international levels. Through their federations and networks, they enhance their representation and collaboration capacities. Worldwide, our societies are facing huge social and economic challenges. At the international level, several international development frameworks have been elaborated to address these problems. Chapter 5 examines how SSEOs are contributing to one of these international development frameworks, i.e. the ILO Decent Work Agenda. It reviews the four objectives and pillars of the Decent Work Agenda and suggests areas of action for SSEOs. Chapter 6 aims to specifically assess the role of social enterprises in promoting decent jobs. Drawing from the Italian experience and from German, Polish and Ukrainian case studies, the chapter demonstrates the variety of employment strategies developed by social enterprises to offer and guarantee decent work to youth, unemployed, women and people with disabilities. Social enterprises are also at the heart of the seventh chapter. Based on the experience of the ILO pilot project “Social Entrepreneurship Targeting Youth in South Africa” (SETYSA), the chapter narrates how this project has been successful in supporting social enterprise development and putting social enterprises on the agenda of ILO constituents and other stakeholders by developing a systemic approach, combining interventions at the micro, meso and macro levels and integrating a focus on building the capacity of local institutions and networks. The chapter also reviews under which conditions such a project could be replicated and strengthened. In developing countries, the persistence and growth of the informal economy raises questions about creating decent jobs and the possibility of formalizing the informal economy. Chapter 8 deals with the potential of the SSE to facilitate the transition of some informal activities to the formal economy. Based on two Kenyan case studies in the dairy sector, the chapter demonstrates this potential but also explores the hindrances and the determinants of success for making such a transformation. READER xv
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