Download Manual - Tanita

E 

Multi-Frequency 

Body Composition Analyzer 

MC-180MA 

Instruction Manual 

GB 

Please read this Instruction Manual carefully and keep it handy 

for future reference. 

Copyright © 2005 TANITA Corporation. All Rights Reserved. 

MC1807001(1)

GB 

Applications 

•This equipment can be used in the screening of 

certain adult diseases and conditions related to body 

weight and composition. 

•It can be used in the monitoring and prevention of 

conditions caused by excessive deposits of fat tissue 

such as diabetes, hyperlipidemia, cholelithiasis and 

fatty liver. 

•It can be used in the monitoring of changes in 

individuals‘ body composition related to differences in 

the ratio of fat tissue to lean. 

•It can be used to assess the effectiveness of 

individuals‘ nutrition and exercise programmers, both 

for health and physical fitness. 

Benefits 

Before use 

(safety precautions) 

How to use 

(cautions for safety) 

Contents 

Safety Notes ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 4 

Instructions •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 6 

•Explanation of terminology •••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 7 

Part names / Connection procedure ••••••••• 8 

•Using the touch panel ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 9 

Preparation •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 10 

Various settings ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 12 

How to measure •••••••••••••• 24 

When used as a body composition analyser 

••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 24 

When used as scales •••••••••••••••••••••••••• 36 

Explanation of printouts •••••••••••••••••••••• 38 

Assessment criteria •••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 40 

GB 

1. This product is simple to use, and requires no 

specialized facilities or expertise to take 

measurements. 

2. Measurements can be taken quickly and easily, 

causing minimal inconvenience to the patient during 

measurments. 

When necessary 


Troubleshooting ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 42 

Connection to PC ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 44 

Technical notes ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 52 

New Regression Formula 

for Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR •••••••••••• 58 

Product specifications ••••••••••••••••••••••••• 60 

MC-180MA 

2 

3

Safety Notes must be observed 

GB 

GB 

Before use 


These symbols are used to indicate safe and correct use of the equipment, and to prevent injury to users or 

damage to the product. Please review these symbols and their meanings before proceeding with this 

instruction manual. 

Warning 

Caution 

This symbol indicates details of 

any prohibitions. 

This symbol indicates the possibility of death or serious injury if the product is 

mishandled or instructions are ignored. 

This symbol indicates the possibility of physical injury or equipment damage if 

instructions are ignored. 

This symbol indicates details of any compulsory 

measures. 

Place the equipment on a stable and 

level surface. 

Compulsory 

Caution 

Do not jump on the equipment. 

Prohibited 

Do not lean on the equipment. 

Prohibited 

Before use 


The power cord must be connected to 

a 3-pin plug (with an earth terminal). 

Compulsory 

Warning 

Individuals fitted with electronic 

medical devices, 

such as pacemakers, 

must not use this product. 

Prohibited 

Do not attempt to disassemble or 

remodel this product. 

Prohibited 

Failure to do so may result in injury due 

to the individual stumbling over, or 

measurement may not be possible. 

Such action may result in injury due to 

the indivdual stumbling over. 

•Do not insert your finger into any gaps or holes in this equipment. 

Such action may result in injury. 

Such action may result in injury due to 

the indivdual stumbling over. 

•Clean the electrode panels and their peripheries with alcohol before measurement. 

Failure to do so may result in the spread of contagious disease, because the equipment comes into contact 

with bare hands and feet. 

Failure to do so may result in an electric 

shock or leakage. 

Do not handle the plug with a wet 

hand. 

This product passes a very small electrical 

current through the body, which may 

cause such electronic medical devices to 

operate erroneously, with possibly 

serious consequences. 

Do not connect too many plugs to a 

single socket. 

Such action may result in electric shock or 

injury, and may impair the products 

accuracy. 

Touch panel 

•Before use, ensure that this equipment does not interfere electromagnetically with other 

electronic devices that are susceptible to electromagnetic interference. 

This equipment is designated a Class B IT equipment (mainly for systems intended to be used in domestic 

environments) and CE (EMC), but weak equipment may be affected. 

•When it is moved; 

• Remove the power cord from the main unit. 

Failure to do so may result in damage. 

Prohibited 

Prohibited 

Handle for moving 

4 

Such action may result in electric shock, 

fire, or leakage. 

Such action may result in fire. 

•Do not attempt to assess the analysis results or to base an 

exercise routine on them by yourself. 

Always heed to your doctor’s or qualified expert’s advice. 

•Physically disabled persons should not attempt to take 

measurements alone, but should have their caretakers 

assist them in using the device. 

•Distance from water 

Do not use this product near a water supply or in any other place 

where it may become wet. The product is liable to fail or produce 

erroneous readings if wet. 

Electrode panels 

(x 8) 

• Grip the handle for moving at the top, tilt the unit 

until the adjusteble foot are off the floor, and wheel 

it along on the casters. 

Do not attempt to pick the unit up, as such action may 

result in a back injury. 

•Touch panel 

•Avoid any impact on the panel 

Such action may result in injury if the panel is broken, 

as it is made of glass. 

• Do not leave water droplets for prolonged periods. 

Prolonged exposure to water may result in deformation, 

color change, staining or blistering. 

• Do not operate with a pointed object. 

Such action may result in failure. 

Casters (x 2) 

Adjusteble foot (x 4) 

Feet must be screwed 

upwards into the base while 

moving. 

5

Instructions 

GB 

GB 

Before use 


Do not take measurements 

immediately after strenuous 

exercise. 

For correct measurement 

Do not take measurements in areas 

subject to significant temperature 

changes. 

Do not attempt to take measurements 

after excessive consumption of either 

food or drink, or while dehydrated. 

Installation 

For accurate measurements 

This product is precisely manufactured and accurately calibrated. Please observe the following instructions to ensure best results. 

• Do not position in direct sunlight, in areas subject to airflow directly from an air conditioner, or near a heater. 

• Do not position in locations subject to significant temperature fluctuation. 

• Do not position in locations subject to high humidity or near a water supply. 

• Do not position on surfaces subject to strong vibration. 

• Do not position in close proximity to stored chemicals, or where gas is generated. 

Before use 


Prohibited 

The results may be erroneous. Please 

ensure that the individual being 

measured is sufficiently rested first. 

Prohibited 

The results may be erroneous. In the 

event of the product being moved 

somewhere with a temperature 

difference of 20˚C or more, do not use 

for at least 2 hours after such a 

relocation. 

Prohibited 

Measurements are significantly affected 

by changes in bodily water volume and 

body temperature. It is therefore 

recommended that measurements be 

taken after going to the toilet, and 

ideally measurements should be taken at 

the same time every day under the same 

conditions. 

• Do not use this equipment near other products that emit electromagnetic waves. 

Erroneous operation is possible as a result of interference with certain lighting equipment, medical instruments, and communications 

equipment (such as inverter fluorescent lighting, microwave therapy devices, and mobile 

phones), so these factors should be checked before use. 

Handling 

Storage 

Clean-up 

• Do not wash with water. 

• Avoid subjecting the equipment to excessive shock or vibration. 

• Do not unplug the power cord by pulling on the cord. 

• When it is not to be used for a prolonged period, turn off the power, and unplug the power cord. 

• Do not store on a surface subject to strong vibration. 

• Do not store in locations subject to high humidity or dust. 

• Do not store in locations subject to temperatures outside its storage range. 

• When it has not been used for a long time, confirm it can be operated correctly and safely before use. 

• Cover the main unit to prevent it from becoming dirty. 

•Do not wipe the equipment with hot water, benzene. 

Please use a damp cloth or a neutral detergent to clean the equipment, and wipe it dry with a dry cloth immediately 

afterwards. 

• Bare feet should be placed correctly on the electrode panel for 

measurement. 

Incorrect positioning may result in a lower fat % than is actually the case, or an error 

message may be shown. 

Feet should be positioned on the heel and toe electrodes on each side in roughly equal 

proportions as indicated in the illustration on the right. 

• Place arms straight down during measurement. 

Other positions may induce a lower than actual fat %, or an error message may be shown. 

• As far as possible, you should try to take measurements under the same conditions 

each day in order to determine any fluctuations. 

Otherwise, errors may be observed in the measured value. In order to enhance overall accuracy, 

measurements should be taken at the same time every day, but not during the three hours after getting 

up in the morning, or three hours after meals. 

• Clean any dust or dirt from the palms and soles of the feet before measurement. 

Such contaminants may induce a lower than actual fat %, or an error message may be shown. 

• Avoid contact between the arms and torso, and between the inner thighs. 

Such contact may induce a lower than actual fat %, or an error message may be shown. If they come 

into contact because the measurement is being taken while naked or partially naked, a dry towel or 

similar should be used as a barrier during measurement. 

 

 

Explanation of terminology 

This equipment and the attached instruction manual use expressions including terminology sited in the NAWI directive. 

Please review the following terminology explanations before use. 

• Max (Maximum capacity) 

This shows the maximum weight that can be measured by the scale. 

[Example] In the case of “Max = 270 kg”, it can be used to measure an individual up to 270 kg. 

* Individuals exceeding the weight capacity cannot be measured. 

•e(Minimum graduation) 

This shows the amount of one scale mark (graduation). In the case of a digital display, this shows the numeric interval value. 

[Example] In the case of e = 0.05 kg”, the display increases or decreases in intervals of 0.05 kg. 

•PT 

To measure the body weight more accurately, the “Preset Tare Deduction” function automatically subtracts the pre-input weight of the 

clothes (TARE). The pre-input weight of the clothes is called “Preset Tare” (PT). 

 

Temperature Range for Use : 5°C / 35°C 

Relative Humidity : 30% / 80% 

 

Monitoring any fluctuations is recommended for reference for the following types of 

people. 

• Patients undergoing artificial dialysis or with swellings 

Temperature Range of Environment : -10°C / 50°C 

Range of Relative Humidity : 10% / 90% (without condensation) 

To prevent malfunction, do not store the equipment in direct sunlight or subject it to significant changes in 

temperature. Do not store in damp or dusty areas, near a fire or where the equipment may be subject to vibration or 

shock. 

6 

Method of abandoning product 

• When disposing of this unit, please do so in accordance with the prevailing regulations in each country. 

 

Value Range 

Model Name MC-180MA 

Voltage Range 230VAC 

Frequency Range 50 / 60Hz 

Electric Current Range 2.5A 

 

On 

Caution 

Refer to the attached 

notes. 

Off 

Input, 

Output 

Conformity with 

Medical Device 

Directive 93/42/EEC 

Type BF 

applied 

part 

Clothes 

Weight 

Setting 

Class I 

equipment 

Alternating 

current 

7

Part names / Connection procedure 

GB 

Before use 


Check accessories 

• Power cord x 1 • Allen wrench x 1 

(to assemble the 

column) 

• Main unit cover x 1 

(for storage) 

• Dropper x 1 

( page 42) 

• Instruction manual (this book) 

• Hexagon socket 

setscrews / washers x 2 

each (to assemble the 

column) 

Checking the level 

Handle for moving 

(back) 

Left handgrip 

Right handgrip 

Touch panel 

ON 

OFF 

Power switch 

USB 

Back 

RS-232C 

Caution 

Printer cable 

connection 

Computer Connection 

• We do not supply computers. If connecting a computer, 

please ensure that it is IEC60601-1 (EN60601-1) 

compliant, or follow the IEC60601-1-1 (EN60601-1-1) 

environment settings for products that conform to 

IEC60950 (EN60950). 

• Before using the USB port, read “Connection to PC” 

( page 58). 

Printer Connection (optional) 

• We do not supply printers. Please select one that is 

IEC60601-1 (EN60601-1) compliant, or follow the 

IEC60601-1-1 (EN60601-1-1) setting conditions for 

products that conform to IEC60950 (EN60950). 

• The installation manual provided with the printer must 

be read before setting up the printer. 

Using the touch panel 

After turning on the power, follow the procedure 

below. 

•Operation 

•Measurement 

eSelect measurement mode (body composition 

analyzer / weight only (i.e. scales)). 

•Setting 

e Press Set 

Mode setting 

buttons 

Used to change 

each function 

setting. 

Maintenance mode 

button 

cannot be used by 

general customers 

 

Cancel button 

Used to cancel a 

setting. 

GB 

Before use 


•For accurate measurement, position the scale to be 

as level as possible. 

•Rotate the four height-adjustable foot so that the air 

bubble in the level gauge is perfectly centered. 

Level gauge 

Next button 

Used to display the 

next setting screen. 

black ring 

air bubble 

Status when the level gauge is viewed from above 

Power cord 

connection 

AC 230V 

50/60 Hz 

Toe electrodes 

Heel electrodes 

Back button 

Used to return to 

the previous screen. 

Enter button 

Used to set the 

input information. 

Adjustable foot 

(x 4) 

Measuring platform 

Clear button 

Used to correct the 

input. 

8 

9

Preparation 

Setting up the main unit 

GB 

GB 

Before use 


1 

Check 

Request 

•Please allow the retail sales staff to open the package and assemble the main unit. 

the top and bottom of the 

box and remove the main unit. 

Warning 

•The main unit is very heavy and should 

therefore be taken out by two or more 

people. Attempting to do this alone may 

result in serious injury. 

4 

black ring 

Rotate the height-adjustable 

feet (at the four corners) to 

level the unit, and confirm that 

the air bubble in the level 

gauge is dead center. 

Before use 


2 

3 

Note 

•Unlocking the column to lay it flat 

Press the tab just below the moving edge to 

release the lock lever, and then gently lower the 

column. 

Positioning the column upright. 

Raise the column until the lever clicks to indicate 

it is in a locked position. 

•During assembly, 

be careful not to 

insert or trap a 

finger, foot or 

suchlike in the 

movable part of 

the column. Such 

action may result 

in serious injury. 

Lock lever 

Warning 

Secure the column and 

measuring platform tightly 

using the included screws and 

washers. 

Warning 

•During assembly, hold the column firmly to 

prevent it toppling over, and use the Allen 

button supplied to tighten up the screws. 

10 11 

5 

6 

Turn 

air bubble 

Status when the level gauge is viewed from above 

ON 

OFF 

Connect the power cord. 

Warning 

•The power cord must be connected to a 3-pin plug (with earth 

terminal). 

Failure to do so may result in an electric shock or leakage. 

s 

Note 

•If an “Error” message is shown; 

Refer to “Troubleshooting” ( page 42) for details. 

on the power. 

The screen counts down from “99999”, “88888”, 

“77777” to “00000” before displaying the initial 

screen. 

 

s 

s

Various settings How to set 

GB 

GB 

•Check: Is the procedure as per page 12 complete? 

Before use 


1 

Turn on the power 

•The initial screen is displayed. 

Activating the setting screen 

ON 

3 

On the “Setting item selection” screen, 

press 

1 

Setting the date and time 

(Date and Time) 

•The input screen for “Set Date, Time and Year” is displayed. 

(The default setting when shipped is as per the screen in the 

right.) 

Before use 


ON 

OFF 

OFF 

Back 

4 

Input 

the current date and time 

•Input the year, month, date, and time (hours and minutes) in sequential two-digit format as 

indicated. 

Example: To input 9:47 a.m. on January 21st, 2006; 

2 

Press 

Set 

9:47 a.m., January 21, 2006 

1 

2 

1 

2 

0 

6 

0 

9 

4 

7 

(Initial screen) 

Press the (Set button). 

Month: 12 Date: 12 Year: 2006 

Use the 24-hour clock. 

e.g. 6 p.m. would be input as 1 8 0 0 . 

Notes 

•“Setting item selection” 

screen is displayed. 

1 

Register the date and time. ( page 13) 

•Input 0 first in the case of single-digit numbers (0~9) 

•To erase erroneous input, 

ePress Clear (Input data is deleted.) 

•To terminate the input process, 

ePress Cancel (Returns to the “Setting item selection” screen without changing the date and time.) 

•After inputting the item displayed, 

ePress Next (The next input item is selected.) 

(Setting item selection screen) 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

Setting the measurement mode. ( page 14) 

Setting of screen display items. ( page 15) 

Setting up the printer. ( page 16) 

Setting up of print items. ( page 18) 

Adjust printing position. ( page 19) 

Setting the communication details. ( page 20) 

Setting the touch panel. ( page 21) 

5 

Press 

Enter after all items have been input 

•Returns to the “Setting item selection” screen. 

Notes 

•To return to the previous item, 

ePress Before . 

12 

: After setting, press Back to return to the initial 

screen. 

Notes 

•The clock function is backed up by rechargeable batteries, but if it is not used for a prolonged 

period (two weeks or more), the setting is cleared naturally as the rechargeable batteries 

discharge, so this must be reset. (Charging time: 5 hours or more) 

•When various settings are performed in sequence, •Once all settings have been made, 

ePress each number to be set. 

ePress Back on the “Setting item 

•Set details are retained until next modified. 

selection” screen. (Returns to the initial screen.) 

13

Various settings How to set (continued) 

GB 

GB 



Before use 


14 

Power switch 

(back) 

“Athletic” 

•It is recommended to select 

“Athletic” for individuals aged 18 

or more who consider themselves 

to be athletes or to whom the 

following conditions apply, and 

to use measured values for 

reference. 

•People who do 12 or more 

hours of training (exercise) a 

week 

•Members of gymnastics or sports 

organizations aiming to 

participate competitively 

•People such as bodybuilders who 

undergo training to build up 

muscles 

•Sports professionals 

Setting the measurement mode (continued from page 12) 

3 

4 

Press 

On the “Setting item selection” screen, 

(1) Press 2 (Measurement mode) 

•The “Measurement mode 

selection” screen is displayed. 

(The default setting when 

shipped is shown as the 

following screen.) 

(2) Select functions 

•Athletic selection e Decide whether or not to select 

“Athletic” on the screen as the “Body Type”.( page 28) 

•Unit to input height e Input and output units can be 

switched between millimetres and centimeters. 

•Decide whether or not an ID number is to be input. Any ID 

number that is input is displayed, printed and output serially 

together with measurement results. 

Serial ID: Specify : [Check before measurement] to enable input of the 

ID number. The input ID number is automatically increased serially after 

each measurement. 

ID : The ID number input screen is shown after measuring the weight (or 

immediately after that if skipped). If [Check before measurement] it is 

specified, the ID number can be changed. It does not increase serially 

after measurement, and the next user must input their ID. 

•Stand-by screen 

eSelect whether or not the stand-by screen display 

function is to be activated or not. When ON is 

selected, the stand-by screen is displayed for five minutes 

after the last operation while the measuring platform is 

clear. 

Enter 

•Returns to the “Setting item selection” screen. ( page 12) 

•When various settings are performed in sequence, 



Notes 


ePress Cancel . (Returns to 

the “Setting item selection” 

screen without changing any 

details that have been set.) 

indicates current selection, 

and indicates alternative 

options. 

Setting of screen display items (continued from page 12) 

3 

On 

4 

Press 

the “Setting item 

selection” screen: 

(1) Press 3 

(Display item) 

•The “Display item selection 

– Body composition 

analyzer (1)” screen is 

displayed. (The default 

setting when shipped is as 

per the screen in the 

right.) 

(2) Select items to 

be displayed 

•Pressing the or 

mark beside each item 

switches the selection. 

* Items marked with an are not displayed on the screen 

for measurement results ( page 31) or the screen for 

whole body details ( page 32). 


ePress Cancel (Returns to the “Setting item 

selection” screen without changing any items to be 

displayed on the screen.) 


ePress Cancel (Returns to the “Setting item selection” 

screen without changing the date and time.) 

•To re-input the previous item, 

ePress Back (The previous input item is selected.) 

Notes 

Enter 

d 

Press 


( page 12) 

Next 

•Once all settings have been made, 

ePress Back on the “Setting item selection” screen. (Returns to 

the initial screen.) 

Before use 


15


GB 

GB 

Before use 



Setting up the printer (continued from page 12) 

3 

On the “Setting item 


(1) Press 

4 

(printer) 

•The “Printer Setting” screen 

is displayed. (The default 

setting when shipped is 

shown as the following screen.) 

Printer Connection Example 

(2) 

ON 

OFF 

(4) 

Before use 


(2) Setting of external printer 

operation 

• indicates current selection, and indicates 

alternative options. 

(1) 

(3) 

(5) 

Power switch 

(back) 

(3) Setting of automatic printing after 

measurement 



* While OFF is selected, a printout is issued only when Print is pressed 

on the “Measurement results” screen. 

* If the external printer operation is turned OFF , nothing is printed even 

if 1sheet or 2sheets is selected. 

(4) Set to automatically end after 

printing 



* When in ON mode, the “Measurement preparation” screen will 

automatically appear only when 1sheet or 2sheets is specified for 

automatic printing after measurement; the “Measurement preparation” 

screen will appear automatically when printing finishes. 

* When in OFF mode, the "Measurement preparation" screen will 

appear only when the Quit button is pressed. 

(1) Turn on the power on the main unit. 

(2)On the “Setting item selection” screen ( page 12), select “ 4 Printer”, 

press printer operation ON , and the number of sheets to print 1sheet (or 

2sheets ). 

(3) Prepare operation of the printer. 

* Refer to the manual provided with the printer. (Check ink settings and operation, etc.) 

* Printing is not possible until at least 10 seconds after the printer has been turned on. 

(4) Connect the attached printer cable as per the above illustration. 

(5) Set the dedicated printing forms. 

* Insert from the top of the printing form when setting. (Refer to the following illustration.) 

Form insertion direction 

s 

Press 4 

4 

Press 

Enter 


( page 12) 

16 





ePress Back on the “Setting item selection” screen. (Returns to 

the initial screen.) 

d 

• The ink lamp starts to flash once the ink 

volume falls below a level sufficient to print 

another 100 forms. (It is recommended that 

the ink be replaced as soon as possible after 

the lamp starts flashing.) 

17


GB 

GB 



Before use 


Setting up of print items (continued from page 12) 

3 



(1) Press 5 

(Printing item) 

•The “Printing item setting – 

Body composition analyzer 

(1)” screen is displayed. 


shipped is as per the 

screen in the right.) 

s 

Press Next 

3 

Adjust printing position (continued from page 12) 

On the “Setting item selection” screen: 

(1) Press 6 (Print position selection) 

•The “Adjust printing position” screen is displayed. (The default 

setting when shipped is as per the screen in the right.) 

(2) Adjust the printing position 

•The printing position can be adjusted in the direction indicated by the arrow in 0.1mm increments. 

(Adjustable range: ±10.0) 

Before use 


Power switch 

(back) 

(2) Select items to 

be printed. 

•Pressing the or 

mark beside each item 

switches the selection. 

Notes 



selection” screen without changing any items to be 

displayed on the screen.) 


ePress Back (Returns to the "Printing item selection 

(1)" screen without changing the print items.) 

Notes 

Cross mark 

•To confirm the printing position, 

ePress Test Print . 

Adjust so that the printing position 

adjustment mark on the form and 

cross mark for printing are perfectly 

aligned. ( pages 38 and 39) 

•To return the printing position to its initial status, 

ePress Clear (Returns all numeric values to 0.0.) 


ePress Cancel (Returns to the “Setting item selection” screen without changing the printing 

position.) 

•To confirm the printing position, 

ePress Enter (Returns to the “Setting item selection” screen.) 

4 

Press 

Enter . 


( page 12) 

4 

Press 

Enter 






ePress Back on the “Setting item selection” screen. (Returns to the initial screen.) 

18 19


GB 

GB 



Before use 


Setting the communication details (continued from page 12) 

3 



(1) Press 7 

(Communication 

Selection) 

•The “Communication 

selection” screen is 

displayed. (The default setting when shipped is as per the 

screen in the right.) 

3 

Setting the touch panel (continued from page 12) 

On the “Setting item selection” screen: 

(1) Press 8 (Touch panel) 

•The “Touch Panel Selection” screen is displayed. (The default setting 

when shipped is shown as the following screen.) 

Before use 


(2) Select a communication port 



(3) Select a flow control 



(4) Select a baud rate 



(2) Select the touch panel (Brightness) setting 

•The touch panel darkens with each touch of the Dark button, and brightens with each 

touch of the Bright button. 

Notes 


ePress Cancel (Returns to the “Setting item selection” screen without changing any function 

items.) 

Power switch 

(back) 

4 



selection” screen without changing any function 

items.) 

•Select USB or RS-232C, Hardware, and 9600 to use the 

dedicated application supplied. ( the attached CD- 

ROM manual.) 

•When an application other than that supplied is used, 

change the settings to suit the software. 

Press 

Notes 

Enter 


( page 12) 

4 

Press 

Enter 






ePress Back on the “Setting item selection” screen. (Returns to the initial screen.) 

20 

21


GB 

GB 


Before use 


2 

Input the clothes weight (PT) 

On the initial screen: 

Press 

Clothes 

•The “Clothes weight (PT) 

input” screen is displayed. 


shipped is as per the screen 

in the right.) 

Input the clothes 

weight (PT) 

Press buttons 0 ~ 

9 to input clothes 

weight. 

* The clothes weight (PT) that is 

input is memorized, even 

when the power is turned 

off. 

s 

Notes 

•The input range for clothes weight (PT) is 0.00 ~ 10.00 kg. 

•Scale interval for this equipment is 50 g (0.05 kg). The value input for the second decimal place is 

automatically modified as follows. 

Input value 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 

Displayed 

value 

0 




ePress Back (Settings remain unchanged.) 

5 

0 

(Rounded up) 

Before use 


•When , , or 

is pressed, the 

respective value is directly 

input, and automatically 

returns to the initial screen. 

Power switch 

(back) 

3 

Press 

Enter 

•Returns to the initial screen. 


22 

23

How to measure When used as a body composition analyser 

GB 

GB 

Flowchart for body composition analysis 

How to use 


Select “Body 

composition analyser”. 

Input of personal data 

Measurement of body 

composition 

How to use 


Measurement 

of weight 

Page 27: Step 1 

s 

s 

Check measurement 

results 


s 

s 

s 

Preparing for weight 

measurement 

When 

Skip 

is pressed; 

s 

Measurement 

of weight 

s 


~ 



s 


~ 



Page 30: Step 10~11 

24 

25

How to measure When used as a body composition analyser (continued) 

GB 

GB 

How to use 


“Athletic” 

•It is recommended to select “Athletic” should be 

selected by individuals aged 18 or over who 

consider themselves to be athletes or to whom 

the following conditions apply. Measured values 

should be used for reference. 

•People who do 12 or more hours of training 

(exercise) a week 

•Members of gymnastics or sports organizations 

aiming to participate competitively 

•People such as bodybuilders who undergo 

training to build up muscles 

•Sports professionals 

Instructions 

•Posture for measurement 

•Stand barefoot on the electrode panels with feet 

parallel. 

•Let arms hang naturally. 

•Do not bend knees or elbows, and face forwards. 

•Do not lean on the main unit. 

•Input age range is 5 ~ 99 years old. 

Input 99 for centenarians. 

Notes 

•For athletic individuals, the impedance 

used for measurement fluctuates 

significantly before and after competition 

or after hard training, so body 

composition calculated under such 

circumstances also changes, and accurate 

measurement may not be possible in 

some cases. 

•Even when athletic mode is selected for 

body type, individuals aged 17 or 

younger automatically revert to the 

standard setting. 

•When the clothes weight is input, weight 

after deducting the weight of the clothes 

(i.e. net weight) is shown as the 

measured results. 

•When the measuring platform is clear and 

operation is suspended for five minutes, 

the stand-by screen is displayed. 

e.g.) 

ON 

OFF 

Back 

Power switch 

1 

2 

3 

 

s 

Turn on the power, and Press 

(Body composition analyser) 

The “Weight Measurement – Now preparing” 

screen is displayed. 

Please wait a while without stepping on the measuring platform. 

Notes 

•When data is input under “Input the clothes weight (PT)” segment, “Tare 

weighing” is displayed. 

•When Skip is pressed, the screen advances to “ID input” (or 

“Gender selection”) ( page 28). (After inputting all items, weight 

measurement and body composition analysis are performed 

continuously.) 

•When Back is pressed, returns to the screen for “Weight 

Measurement – Now preparing”. 

Step on the measuring platform, and weigh 

yourself. 

The value displayed is net, i.e. with the registered weight of the clothes 

deducted. 

Once the scale measures more than 1.00 kg, and the reading steadies, it 

automatically advances to the “ID input” (or “Gender selection”) screen. 

Notes 

•When data is input under “Input the clothes weight (PT)” segment, “Tare 

weighing” is displayed. 

Press Clothes (PT) to change the setting details. ( page 23 “Input 

the clothes weight (PT).” 

•When Skip is pressed, the screen advances to “ID input” (or 

“Gender selection”) ( page 28). (After inputting all items, weight 

measurement and body composition analysis are performed 

continuously.) 

•When Back is pressed, the screen returns to “Weight Measurement - 

Now preparing”. 

How to use 


26 

27


GB 

GB 

How to use 


4 

5 

6 

s 

 

Input the ID number 

(In cases where the ID is selected on the “Measurement Mode Setting” 

screen) 

Input by pressing 0 ~ 9 . 

After input, press [Enter] and it automatically advances to the “Select 

Gender” screen. 

Notes 

•ID numbers can be input in the range from 1~9999999999. 



•When Back is pressed, screen returns to “Weight Measurement – 

Now preparing”. 

Select gender 

Select or by pressing the relevant button. 

After input, automatically advances to “Select Body Type”. 

Notes 

•When Back is pressed, returns to the “ID input” screen (or “Weight 

Measurement – Now preparing” is displayed). 

Select body type 

Select by pressing or . 

After input, automatically advances to the “Your Age?” screen. 

Notes 

•When Back is pressed, returns to the “Select Gender” screen. 

•When Quit is pressed, returns to the “Weight Measurement – Now 

preparing” screen, ( page 27) 

•When is pressed, the “Help (explanation)” screen is displayed. 

* When “Athletic selection” is deactivated, this screen is not displayed, and 

instead advances to the “Age input” screen. ( page 14 “Setting of 

measurement modes”.) 

7 

8 

s s 

In the case of input units: 

0.1 cm (millimetre units) 

Input age 


After input, when Enter is pressed, automatically advances to the 

“Height input” screen. 

Notes 

•-Age input range is 6 ~ 99 years old. 

•When a single digit age (5~9) is input, 

ePress Enter after input. 


ePress Clear . (Input data is deleted.) 

•When Back is pressed, returns to the “Select Body Type” screen. 

*Only returns to the “Select Body Type” screen when “Athletic” has been 

selected under “Setting of measurement modes” ( page 14). 



After input of numeric data, automatically advances to the “Your Height?” 

screen if no more data is input for five seconds. 

Input the height 


After input, when Enter is pressed, automatically advances to the 

“Data Chack” screen. 

Notes 

•The height input range is 90.0 ~ 249.9 cm. 

•Settings under “Input height unit” ( page 14) are reflected as the 

input unit. 

•After input of integral numbers, if no more data is input for five seconds, 

automatically returns to the “Confirm input details” screen. (0 is 

automatically shown after the decimal point.) 



•When Back is pressed, returns to the “Age input” screen. 



How to use 


28 

29


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GB 

How to use 


9 

In 

10 

11 

 

 

the case of 18 year-old 

older with ID 

or 

In the case when “Athletic” is 

not selected or 17 year-old 

or younger without ID 

 

Hold the handgrips lightly, and let the 

arms hang down naturally. 

Notes 

Confirm input details 

s 

Feet should be positioned 

on the heel and toe 

electrodes on each side in 

roughly equal proportions 

as indicated in the 

following illustration. 

 

 

•When Back is pressed, returns to the “Data Chack” screen. 

•When Quit is pressed, returns to the “Weight Measurement – Now preparing” 

screen, ( page 27) 

(1) (2) (3) 

s s 

After confirmation, if setting (input) details are correct, press 

measurement to start the measurement. 

Notes 

Start 

•To change or correct input details, 

ePress Change for the item to be changed or corrected. 

On each screen, when Enter is pressed after input, the input 

data is changed/corrected, and the screen returns to “Confirm input 

details”. When Back is pressed, the screen returns to “Confirm 

input details” without changing the input data. 

* No. (ID number) is not displayed when “OFF” is specified under “Setting of 

measurement modes” ( page 14). 

* No. (ID number) is sed at “0000000001” after the power is turned on. After it is 

changed, the new value will be sed. (10 digits) 

*1 is automatically added to the No. (ID number) per measurement. (Maximum 

9999999999) 

* When “Athletic” is not selected (Refer to “Setting of measurement modes” ( page 

14)) or in the case of 17 year-old or younger, the body type cannot be changed. 

Correct 

measurement 

posture 

12 

13 

Sample values for 

18 year-old or older 

Button to display details 

Sample values for 

17 year-old or younger 

Button to display details 

Measurement completed. 

Replace both handgrips. 

Notes 

•The external printer operates in accordance with the input details under 

“Setting up the printer” ( page 16). 

* This screen is not displayed when printer operation is set to OFF , or 

automatic printing after measurement is set to OFF under “Setting up 

the printer” ( page 16). 

Display measurement results 

Notes 

•Data is automatically output from the output port in accordance with the 

communication setting as per page 20. ( page 48 for output details.) 

•When Print is pressed, the external printer operates in accordance 

with the details set under “Setting up the printer” ( page 16). 

* When OFF is selected for printer operation, this button is not 

displayed. 

*When ON is selected for automatic ending after printing, it 

automatically returns to the “Weight Measurement – Now 

preparing” screen ( page 27) once printing is complete. 

•When the button to display details is pressed, the information details are 

displayed. ( page 32.) 

•If OFF is specified for automatic ending after printing under “Setting up 

the printer”, when Quit is pressed, items other than the input 

clothes weight (PT) and ID number are cleared, and it returns to the 

“Weight measurement – Now preparing” screen ( page 27). When 

ON is specified, it automatically returns to the “Weight Measurement – 

Now preparing” screen ( page 27). 

How to use 


s 

(4) (5) Measurements for (1)whole 

body, (2)left arm, (3)left leg, 

s 

(4)right arm, and (5)right leg, 

are performed in that order. 

30 

Notes 

•When Back is pressed, returns to the “Confirm input details” screen. 

•When Quit is pressed, returns to the “Weight Measurement – Now preparing” 

screen, ( page 27) 

31


GB 

GB 

Measurement result details screen for an 18 year-old or older (Example) 

How to use 


Display of the standard range 

Displays the standard range of fat %. 

A blue dot blinks at one-second intervals to 

indicate the current value. ( pages 40 and 

41.) 

Display of comprehensive fat % details per 

segment 

Fat % measurement results are displayed per segment on the chart. 

How to use 


 

 

Display details of the body type assessment 

Body type assessment table comprising fat % and muscle mass is displayed. A 

red dot blinks at one-second intervals to indicate the current value. 

Display of muscle mass details per segment 

Muscle mass measurement results are displayed per segment. 

Colours are categorised into the following three types depending on 

assessment results. 

[Example] Less (–4 ~ –2): Light blue 

Normal (-1 ~ +1): Light green 

More (+2 ~ +4): Orange 

Display of comprehensive muscle mass per 

segment 

Measurement results of muscle mass are displayed per segment on the chart. 

When “OFF” is selected for 

ID number input 

When “ON” is selected for 

ID number input 

When “Athletic” is selected 

Whole body details 

Measurement results for the whole body are displayed in detail. 

Notes 

•When “Athletic” is selected, standard weight and obesity level results are not 

displayed. 

Display of fat % details per segment 

Measurement results of fat % per segment are displayed. 

Colours are categorised into the following three types depending on 

assessment results. 

[Example] Less (–4 ~ –2): Light blue 

Normal (-1 ~ +1): Light green 

More (+2 ~ +4): Orange 

Display of BMR assessment details 

Assessment results of BMR data are displayed. ( 

Formula for Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)”.) 

[Example] Less (1~6): Light blue 

Normal (7~10): Purple 

More (11~16): Red 

page 57 “New Regression 

Notes 

•When the button to display details is pressed, all information details are displayed. 

•When is pressed, returns to the “Measurement results” screen ( page 31). 

Back 

•When 

is pressed, the “Help (explanation)” screen is displayed. 

32 

33


GB 

GB 

How to use 


Measurement result details screen for an 18 year-old or older (Example) 

Screen for measurement results details for a 17 year-old or younger (Example) 

Display of the whole body details 

Measurement results of the whole body are displayed in detail. 

How to use 


Example of visceral fat rating 

measurement results 

Example of visceral fat rating 

assessment results 

Display of visceral fat rating and assessment 

details 

Visceral fat rating measurement results and assessment results are displayed 

in detail. ( page 40 “Assessment criteria”.) 

Result : Displays measurement results. 

Rating : Displays assessment results. 

Display of total body water details 

Total body water measurement results and assessment results are displayed 

on the chart. ( page 53 “Assessment criteria”.) 

Display of details per segment 

Measurement results per segment are displayed. 

Example of total body water 


Example for a boy 

Example for a girl 

Display of standard range for fat % 

Standard range for fat % is displayed. 

A blinking blue dot indicates the current value. 

Notes 

•When the button to display details is pressed, all information details are displayed. 

•When is pressed, returns to the “Measurement results” screen ( page 31). 

Back 

•When 

is pressed, the “Help (explanation)” screen is displayed. 

34 

35

How to measure 

When used as scales 

GB 

GB 

How to measure weight 

How to use 


(Initial screen) 

Power switch 

(Back) 

1 

Turn on power and 

press (Scales) 

(After displaying “88888 kg”, it reverts to 

“0.00 kg”.) 

Notes 

• If it does not read “0.00 kg” when the scales are clear, 

e Press ZeroReset to recalibrate to “0.00 kg”. 

* Zero Reset cannot be used while “Tare” is specified. 

• To change the clothes weight, 

e Press PresetTare ( page 23.) 

Input values are displayed negatively. 

• To return to the previous screen, 

e Press Back 

How to use 


2 

Input ID number 

(When ID is selected on the 

“Measurement mode setting” screen) 

Input by pressing 0 ~ 9 . After 

input, when Enter is pressed, it 

automatically advances to the “Scale 

operation” screen. 

Notes 

• ID numbers can be input in the range 

from 1~9999999999. 

• To erase erroneous input, 

e Press Clear (Input data is deleted.) 

• When Back is pressed, it returns to 

the initial screen. 

s 

 

3 

Step on the measuring platform 

• Weight is displayed. 

• Once the reading steadies, data is output from the output port. 

Notes 

• The external printer operates in accordance with the details set 

under “Setting up the printer” ( page 16). 

4 

Display 


( pages 50 ~ 51) 

Upon stepping off the measuring platform, returns to the “ID input” 

(or initial) screen. 

 

 

 

Weight :Body weight 

PT : Clothes Weight (PT) 

36 

37

Explanation of printouts 

GB 

GB 

How to use 


Whole body data 

Weight : Measured weight. Values based on BMI of 22 being defined as standard weight. 

Fat % : Indicates fat ratio of the weight. 

Fat mass : Indicates fat mass of the body. 

FFM : Weight of non-fat components (i.e. muscle, water, bone, etc.). 

Muscle mass :Indicates constituent mass other than fat and bone mineral. Muscle mass displayed by this equipment is the value 

including skeletal muscles, plain muscle (i.e. internal organs, etc.) and TBW. 

TBW : Indicates amount of total body water and is composed of blood, lymph fluid, intercellular fluid, intracellular fluid, etc. 

BMI : Calculated as weight (kg) divided by height squared (m) 2 . “22” is considered the optimum value, i.e. least susceptible to 

illness. 

Bone Mass : Indicates bone mineral level of all bones. 

* Standard values are for standard mode. These standard values should only be used as reference for athletic types. For 17 year-old or younger, only the fat % is 

displayed as the standard value. Muscle mass, TBW, and bone mass values should be used for reference. 

How to use 


 

 

Body type assessment based on fat % and muscle mass 

Body type is comprehensively assessed in accordance with the fat % and muscle mass. 

* Fat % only is displayed for 17 year-old or younger. 

Total Body Water (TBW) 

Indicates the amount of water included in the body, for example, blood, lymph fluid, intercellular fluids, intracellular fluids, etc. Body 

water functions to transport nutrition, collect waste products, and maintain your body temperature at a certain level. Appropriate fat 

% ranges are about 55~ 65% for male and 45~60% for female. 

 

 

 

 

ECW/TBW 

Body water can be roughly classified as intercellular and intracellular fluids, but the ratio differs depending on each person. It is known 

that this ratio is dependent on body composition rate, and obese individuals tend to have more intracellular fluid. 

* Not displayed for 17 year-old or younger. 

Visceral fat rating 

Visceral fat indicates the fat in the internal abdominal cavity and is not easily analysed visually. It can be used for health control by 

checking changes in long-term visceral fat ratings. 


 

 

BMR/BMR analysis 

This equipment shows BMR categorized under three levels, namely : less, normal and more relative to average BMR values and 

statistical distribution per age group. 


Segmental analysis 

Fat and muscle segmental analysis. Proportion and muscle training results can be confirmed figuratively. Fat content on the trunk, 

which is considered to be closely associated with lifestyle-related diseases, can easily be checked. 

* Graphs showing comparisons with the average are not displayed for 17 year-old or younger. 

 

Muscle mass balance 

Muscle mass balance between the left and right arms and legs is compared and analyzed. Loss of balance may indicate abnormal 

body function. 

* Graphs showing comparisons with the average are not displayed for 17 year-old or younger. 

 

 

 

Body fat ranges 

The amount of fat in the trunk is divided by the lower legs value. Which part of the body (upper or lower segment) contains more fat 

can be assessed. As the fat ratio around the abdomen increases, so does this value. 


Other information 

Reactance/resistance data is displayed. (Analysis results do not affect assessment.) 

•Measurement results for scale mode are printed in this segment. 

•In the case of 17 year-old or younger, the Rohrer index *** is printed. (*** changes in accordance with the measurement results.) 

Printing position adjustment mark 

Adjust the position so that the mark on the form and cross symbol align exactly. ( page 19.) 

38 

39

Assessment criteria 

GB 

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How to use 


Assessment criteria based on fat % (targeted at 5 year-old or older) (Whole body) 

changes or increasing exercise. 

Source : Data from Columbia University (New York) & Tanita Institute (Tokyo) 

Note: 

•Even if you have a low body fat rate, you may have a high visceral fat level. 

•For medical diagnosis, consult your GP. 

• WHAT IS BONE MASS? 

This feature indicates the amount of bone (bone mineral level, calcium or other minerals) in the 

body. 

Research has shown that exercise and the development of muscle tissue are related to stronger, healthier bones. 

While bone structure is unlikely to make noticeable changes in a short period, it is important that you develop 

and maintain healthy bones by having a balanced diet and plenty of exercise. People worried about bone 

disease should consult their GP. People who suffer from osteoporosis or low bone densities due to advanced 

age, young age, pregnancy, hormonal treatment or other causes, may not get accurate estimates of their bone 

mass. 

How to use 


Below is the result of estimated bone masses of persons aged 20 to 40, who are said to have the largest 

amounts of bone masses, by weight. (Source : Tanita Body Weight Science Institute) 

Please use the charts below as a guide to compare your bone mass reading. 

Women : Average of estimated bone mass (kg) 

Weight 

Less than 50 kg 

1.95 kg 

50 kg – 75 kg 

2.40 kg 

75 kg and over 

2.95 kg 

Men : Average of estimated bone mass (kg) 

Weight 

Less than 65 kg 

2.66 kg 

65 kg – 95 kg 

3.29 kg 

95 kg and over 

3.69 kg 

Healthy Range Indicator 

Underfat : below the healthy body fat range. Increased risk for health problems. 

Healthy : within the healthy body fat percentage range for your age/gender. 

Overfat : above the healthy range. Increased risk for health problems. 

Obese : high above the healthy body fat range. 

Greatly increased risk of obesity-related health problems. 

• WHAT IS VISCERAL FAT RATING? 

This feature indicates the rating of visceral fat in your body. 

Visceral fat is the fat that is in the internal abdominal cavity, surrounding the vital organs in the trunk (abdominal) 

area. Research shows that, even if your weight and body fat remain constant, the distribution of fat changes as 

you get older and is more likely to shift to the trunk area - especially post menopause. Ensuring you have 

healthy levels of visceral fat may reduce the risk of certain diseases such as heart disease, high blood pressure, 

and the onset of type 2 diabetes. 

The Tanita Body Composition Monitor will provide you with a visceral fat rating from 1 – 59. 

Note: 

•Persons described below may obtain varying readings and should take the values given for reference purposes 

only. 

- Elderly persons - Women during or after menopause 

- People receiving hormone therapy 

•“Estimated bone mass” is a value estimated statistically based on its correlation with the fat-free amount (tissues 

other than fat). "Estimated bone mass" does not give a direct judgement on the hardness or strength of the 

bones or the risks of bone fractures. If you have concerns about your bones, it is recommended that you 

consult a specialist. 

• WHAT IS MUSCLE MASS? 

This feature indicates the weight of muscle in your body. The muscle mass displayed includes the skeletal 

muscles, smooth muscles (such as cardiac and digestive muscles) and the water contained in these muscles. 

Muscles play an important role as they act as an engine in consuming energy. As your muscle mass Increases, 

your energy consumption increases, thus helping you to reduce excess body fat levels and lose weight in a 

healthy way. 

Rating from 1 – 12 

Indicates you have a healthy level of visceral fat. Continue monitoring your rating to ensure that it stays within 

the healthy range. 

40 

Rating from 13 – 59 

Indicates you have an excess level of visceral fat. Consider making changes in your lifestyle, possibly through diet 

41

GB 

Troubleshooting 

•Check the following before requesting repair. 

GB 

Problem 

Solution 

Problem 

Solution 



How to 

measure 

Error with impedance 

measurement 

Error with zeroing 

•Hold the handgrips and electrodes firmly with 

fingers and palms. 

•Stand barefoot on the platform for measurement. 

•If the soles of the feet are dry, use the attached 

dropper to drip about 0.5 ml of water before 

measurement. 

•Reconfirm the input details. 

•Turn off the power and remove anything on the 

platform, then turn on the power and try 

measuring again. 

Printer 

Printer paper is exhausted 

No paper is output 

Ink is exhausted 

•Printer paper is not provided. 

eSupply paper, and press the button for printer 

paper. 

eWhen the printer is not being used, press 

and turn off power to the printer. 

Cancel 

Confirm the setting. 

•Is printer operation set to OFF under “Setting 

up the printer”? 

ePress ON . ( page 16) 

•The printer may have failed. 

eContact the retailer from whom the 

equipment was purchased. 

•No ink in the printer. 

eReplace the ink cartridge. 



Cancel 



Weight value does not 

stabilise. 

•Is the equipment placed on a vibrating surface? 

Is the measuring platform tilted? 

eLevel the platform. ( page 10) 

•Is something blocking the gap in the measuring 

platform? 

eRemove any inserted objects. 

Paper outputs without 

printing 

•Is “X” specified against items to be printed under 

“Setting of print items”? 

eSwitch to . ( page 18) 

eContact the retailer from whom the 

equipment was purchased. 

Display 

Nothing is displayed 

even when the power is 

turned on. 

Touch panel screen 

appears dark. 

•Confirm that the power is connected correctly. 

( page 11) 

•Backlight failure. Contact the retailer from whom 

the equipment was purchased. 

Printer error 

•Problems with the printer. 

eSort out any paper jam and restart the printer. 



Cancel 

“------” is displayed. 

•The weight to be measured exceeds the 

weighing capacity. 

42 43

Connection to PC 

GB 

GB 



•Specifications 

Communications standard 

Communications method 

Signal speed 

Data bit length 

Parity 

Stop bit 

Flow control 

Terminator 

EIA RS-232C compatible 

Asynchronous transaction 

4800/9600/19200 baud 

8 bits 

None 

1 bit 

None / Hardware / XON / XOFF 

CR+LF 

•Transmission data 

Transmission data will be output immediately after measurement regardless of the status of the personal computer 

or other device at the receiving end. Accordingly, the personal computer or other receiving device must be ready 

to receive data before measurement. 

•When used under PC mode, download and check the attached “PC mode communication specifications” from 

the TANITA homepage. 

* PC mode refers to the mode in which you can send personal data from the PC side and receive the 

measurement results. 

(1) Output data format 

Measurement data is output in the following format : 

•All data is divided by commas (,). 

•The terminator (end of the data) is signified by CR (ASCII code 0DH) and LF (ASCII code 0AH). 



Notes 

•An RS-232C connector (D sub 9-pin female) and USB connector (B-type 4-pin female) are located on the 

back of the main unit. 

•To connect to a PC, select the communication port under “Setting communication details” ( page 20), 

and use an appropriate connection cable. 

•Please provide your own cables as necessary as none are included. 

RS-232C : Straight D sub 9-pin (male) – D sub 9-pin (female) 

USB : A-type 4-pin (male) – B-type 4-pin (male) 

* Compatible with both USB 1.1 and 2.0. 

USB cable 

D sub 9-pin female 

Caution 

•When communicating via the USB port, a USB driver must be installed on the PC. Refer to 

“USB driver installation” in the CD-ROM manual supplied for details. 

44 

45

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(2) Output data items 



Name of item Header Format Output data Body composition analyser 

Segmental error 

Scales 

Adult Athletic Child 

(Not output for X) 

Control data {0 Fix to 16 

1~5 bytes variable 

1 1 1 1 

Control data ~0 Fix to 1 


2 

2 2 2 



3 3 3 



4 4 4 

Model MO "XXXXXX" 

8 bytes fixed (“MC-180”) (“MC-190”) 

5 5 5 3 

ID number ID "XXXXXXXXXX" 

12 bytes fixed (in the case of no input, “000000000”) 

6 6 6 4 

Status 

St 

0 or 1 

1 byte fixed (0: No error; 1: Segmental error) 

7 7 7 

Date 

Da "dd/mm/yyyy" 

12 bytes fixed (dd: Date; mm: Month; yyyy: Year) 

8 8 8 5 

Time 

TI "hh:mm" 

7 bytes fixed (hh: Hours; mm: Minutes) 

9 9 9 6 

Body type Bt 

0, 2 

1 byte fixed (0: Standard; 2: Athletic) 

10 10 10 

Gender GE 1 or 2 

1 byte fixed (1: Male; 2: Female) 

11 11 11 

Age 

AG 

XX 

1~2 bytes variable (unit: Year-old; right aligned) 

12 12 12 

Height Hm XXX.X 

4~5 bytes variable, up to 1 decimal place (unit: cm) 

13 13 13 

Clothes weight (PT) Pt 

XX.XX 

4~5 byte variable, up to 2 decimal places (unit: kg) 

14 14 14 7 

Weight Wk XXX.XX (XXX.X) 4~6 bytes variable, 2 decimal places up to 200.00, and 1 decimal place from 200.1 (unit: kg) 

15 15 15 8 

Fat % FW 

XX.X 

3~4 bytes variable, up to 1 decimal place (unit: %) 

16 16 16 

Fat mass fW XXX.XX (XXX.X) 4~6 bytes variable, 2 decimal places up to 200.00, and 1 decimal place from 200.1 (unit: kg) 

17 17 17 

FFM MW XXX.XX (XXX.X) 4~6 bytes variable, 2 decimal places up to 200.00, and 1 decimal place from 200.1 (unit: kg) 

18 18 18 

Muscle mass mW XXX.XX (XXX.X) 4~6 bytes variable, 2 decimal places up to 200.00, and 1 decimal place from 200.1 (unit: kg) 

19 19 19 

Whole body muscle mass score sW -44 


20 20 

Bone mass bW XXX.XX 

4~6 bytes variable, up to 2 decimal places (unit: kg) 

21 21 20 

TBW (Total body water) wW XXX.XX (XXX.X) 4~6 bytes variable, 2 decimal places up to 200.00, and 1 decimal place from 200.1 (unit: kg) 

22 22 21 

Body water rate ww XXX.X 


23 23 22 

ICW (Intercellular Water) wI XXX.XX 

4~6 bytes variable (unit: kg) 

24 24 

ECW (Extracellular Water) wO XXX.XX 

4~6 bytes variable (unit: kg) 

25 25 

ECW / TBW wo XXX.XX (XXX.X) 


26 26 

BMI 

MI XXX.X 

3~5 bytes variable, up to 1 decimal place 

27 27 23 

Standard weight Sw XXX.XX 

4~6 bytes variable, up to 2 decimal places (unit: kg) 

28 

Obesity OV XXX.X 


29 

Visceral fat rating IF 

159 


30 28 – 

BMR 

rB 

XXXX 

1~4 bytes variable (unit: kcal) 

31 29 24 

BMR 

rb XXXXX 

1~5 bytes variable (unit: J) 

32 30 25 

Basal metabolism analysis 

Rohrer index 

rJ 

RO 

116 

XXXX 



33 31 

26 

Fat % FR 

XX.X 


34 32 27 – 

Fat mass fR XXX.XX (XXX.X) 4~6 bytes variable, 2 decimal places up to 200.00, and 1 decimal place from 200.1 (unit: kg) 

35 33 28 – 

Right FFM MR XXX.XX (XXX.X) 4~6 bytes variable, 2 decimal places up to 200.00, and 1 decimal place from 200.1 (unit: kg) 

36 34 29 – 

leg Muscle mass mR XXX.XX (XXX.X) 4~6 bytes variable, 2 decimal places up to 200.00, and 1 decimal place from 200.1 (unit: kg) 

37 35 30 – 

Fat % score SR 

-44 


38 36 – 

Muscle mass score sR 

-44 


39 37 – 

Output order 



*1, *2: 17 year-old or younger 

*3: If error occurs when segmental data is calculated, data is not output for the items indicated “X”. 

46 

47

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GB 



Output order 



Scales 



Fat % FL 

XX.X 


40 38 31 – 

Fat mass fL XXX.XX (XXX.X) 4~6 bytes variable, 2 decimal places up to 200.00, and 1 decimal place from 200.1 (unit: kg) 

41 

39 32 – 

Left FFM ML XXX.XX (XXX.X) 4~6 bytes variable, 2 decimal places up to 200.00, and 1 decimal place from 200.1 (unit: kg) 

42 40 33 – 

leg Muscle mass mL XXX.XX (XXX.X) 4~6 bytes variable, 2 decimal places up to 200.00, and 1 decimal place from 200.1 (unit: kg) 

43 41 34 – 

Fat % score SL 

-44 


44 42 – 

Muscle mass score sL 

-44 


45 43 – 

Fat % Fr 

XX.X 


46 44 35 – 

Fat mass fr XXX.XX (XXX.X) 4~6 bytes variable, 2 decimal places up to 200.00, and 1 decimal place from 200.1 (unit: kg) 

47 45 36 – 

Right FFM Mr XXX.XX (XXX.X) 4~6 bytes variable, 2 decimal places up to 200.00, and 1 decimal place from 200.1 (unit: kg) 

48 46 37 – 

arm Muscle mass mr XXX.XX (XXX.X) 4~6 bytes variable, 2 decimal places up to 200.00, and 1 decimal place from 200.1 (unit: kg) 

49 47 38 – 

Fat % score Sr 

-44 


50 48 – 

Muscle mass score sr 

-44 


51 49 – 

Fat % Fl 

XX.X 


52 50 39 – 

Fat mass fl XXX.XX (XXX.X) 4~6 bytes variable, 2 decimal places up to 200.00, and 1 decimal place from 200.1 (unit: kg) 

53 51 40 – 

Left FFM Ml XXX.XX (XXX.X) 4~6 bytes variable, 2 decimal places up to 200.00, and 1 decimal place from 200.1 (unit: kg) 

54 52 41 – 

arm Muscle mass ml XXX.XX (XXX.X) 4~6 bytes variable, 2 decimal places up to 200.00, and 1 decimal place from 200.1 (unit: kg) 

55 53 42 – 

Fat % score Sl 

-44 


56 54 – 

Muscle mass score sl 

-44 


57 55 – 

Fat % FT 

XX.X 


58 56 43 – 

Fat mass fT XXX.XX (XXX.X) 4~6 bytes variable, 2 decimal places up to 200.00, and 1 decimal place from 200.1 (unit: kg) 

59 57 44 – 

Trunk 

FFM MT XXX.XX (XXX.X) 4~6 bytes variable, 2 decimal places up to 200.00, and 1 decimal place from 200.1 (unit: kg) 

60 58 45 – 

Muscle mass mT XXX.XX (XXX.X) 4~6 bytes variable, 2 decimal places up to 200.00, and 1 decimal place from 200.1 (unit: kg) 

61 59 46 – 

Fat % score ST 

-44 


62 60 – 

Muscle mass score sT 

-44 


63 61 – 

R(5kHz) GH XXXX.X 

5~6 bytes variable, up to 1 decimal place (unit: Ω) 

64 62 47 

X(5kHz) HH XXXX.X 


65 63 48 

Left 

R(50kHz) RH XXXX.X 


66 64 49 

side X(50kHz) XH XXXX.X 


67 65 50 

of the R(250kHz) JH XXXX.X 


68 66 51 

body 

X(250kHz) KH XXXX.X 


69 67 52 

R(500kHz) LH XXXX.X 


70 68 53 

X(500kHz) QH XXXX.X 


71 69 54 

R(5kHz) GR XXXX.X 


72 70 55 

X(5kHz) HR XXXX.X 


73 71 56 

R(50kHz) RR XXXX.X 


74 72 57 

Right X(50kHz) XR XXXX.X 


75 73 58 

leg R(250kHz) JR XXXX.X 


76 74 59 

X(250kHz) KR XXXX.X 


77 75 60 

R(500kHz) LR XXXX.X 


78 76 61 

X(500kHz) QR XXXX.X 


79 77 62 





48 

49

GB 

GB 

Output order 



Scales 





Left 

leg 

R(5kHz) 

X(5kHz) 

R(50kHz) 

X(50kHz) 

R(250kHz) 

X(250kHz) 

R(500kHz) 

X(500kHz) 

GL 

HL 

RL 

XL 

JL 

KL 

LL 

QL 

XXXX.X 

XXXX.X 

XXXX.X 

XXXX.X 

XXXX.X 

XXXX.X 

XXXX.X 

XXXX.X 









80 78 63 

81 

79 64 

82 80 65 

83 81 66 

84 82 67 

85 83 68 

86 84 69 

87 85 70 



R(5kHz) 

Gr 

XXXX.X 


88 86 71 

X(5kHz) 

Hr 

XXXX.X 


89 87 72 

R(50kHz) 

Rr 

XXXX.X 


90 88 73 

Right 

arm 

X(50kHz) 

R(250kHz) 

Xr 

Jr 

XXXX.X 

XXXX.X 



91 89 74 

92 90 75 

X(250kHz) 

Kr 

XXXX.X 


93 91 76 

R(500kHz) 

Lr 

XXXX.X 


94 92 77 

X(500kHz) 

Qr 

XXXX.X 


95 93 78 

R(5kHz) 

Gl 

XXXX.X 


96 94 79 

X(5kHz) 

Hl 

XXXX.X 


97 95 80 

R(50kHz) 

Rl 

XXXX.X 


98 96 81 

Left 

arm 

X(50kHz) 

R(250kHz) 

Xl 

Jl 

XXXX.X 

XXXX.X 



99 97 82 

100 98 83 

X(250kHz) 

Kl 

XXXX.X 


101 99 84 

R(500kHz) 

Ll 

XXXX.X 


102 100 85 

X(500kHz) 

Ql 

XXXX.X 


103 101 86 

R(5kHz) 

GF 

XXXX.X 


104 102 87 

X(5kHz) 

HF 

XXXX.X 


105 103 88 

R(50kHz) 

RF 

XXXX.X 


106 104 89 

Both 

legs 

X(50kHz) 

R(250kHz) 

XF 

JF 

XXXX.X 

XXXX.X 



107 105 90 

108 106 91 

X(250kHz) 

KF 

XXXX.X 


109 107 92 

R(500kHz) 

LF 

XXXX.X 


110 108 93 

X(500kHz) 

QF 

XXXX.X 


111 109 94 

Checksum CS XX 2 bytes fixed 

112 110 95 9 



50 

51

Technical notes 

GB 



Estimation of body composition using multifrequency 

8-electrode BIA method 

Introduction 

This system provides estimated values based on the bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) method for fat %, fat 

mass, FFM, muscle mass, and bone mass using the DXA method targeted at Europeans and Americans, and total 

body water (TBW) value measured by the dilution method. 

Select the appropriate mode based on the body type being measured. 

1) Standard (Target: 6~99 years old) 

2) Athletic (Sportsmen and women, etc. who do much more exercise than average) 

Reliability of the analysed body composition values for sportsmen, etc. who have a different body composition 

from average can be improved by providing a separate analysis mode per body type as above. 

• Principle of the body composition estimation based on BIA method 

• Multi-frequency measurement 

Water contained in the human body can roughly be roughly separated 

into two categories. 

ICW: Intercellular water 

ECW: Extracellular water (i.e. intercellular water, blood, etc.) 

Multi-frequency measurement can be used to measure these two types 

of water. 

When the human body is likened to an electrical circuit, the cell 

membrane that separates the ICW and ECW is considered to be a 

condenser. At low frequency, the cell membrane acts like a condenser and does not allow the electricity through, 

so electricity does not flow through the cells. Accordingly, impedance measured at low frequency has a significant 

correlation with ECW. At high frequency, the electric current flows through the cells via the cell membrane 

condenser. Impedance in this case has a significant correlation with TBW (total body water). ECW is estimated 

from the low-frequency results while TBW is estimated from the high-frequency results. ICW is calculated as the 

difference. 

GB 



BIA method refers to the method of estimating body composition by measuring the body’s impedance. 

Electrolytes within the body are naturally conductive. More electrolytes are contained in muscle and blood, but 

fairly few in fat, etc. In other words, electricity flows more easily through body tissue with more muscle and less fat 

while, conversely, electricity experiences more resistance in body tissue with less muscle and more fat. 

Using this fact, the component ratios of each can be estimated by measuring body impedance. 

• BIA based on 8-electrode method 

Using the conventional 4-electrode method, an electric current is supplied from electrodes near the toes of both 

feet and the voltage is measured at the heel. In this case, current flows from one lower leg to the other via the 

lower abdomen, and the measured body impedance (hereafter, impedance) is the impedance between both 

legs. Using the 8-electrode method, an electric current is supplied from electrodes at the ends of the fingers on 

both hands and the toes on both feet, and the voltage is measured at the ball of the thumbs on both hands and 

at the heels of both feet. This method enables measurement of impedance per segment – in other words for the 

whole body, right leg, left leg, right arm or left arm – by switching the points at which the current is applied and 

the voltage is measured. For example, to measure the impedance of the right leg, the current flows between the 

right hand and leg, and the voltage between both legs is measured. 

The impedance measurement method per segment is shown below for reference. 

• Reactance technology 

Reactance technology is a method that reduces 

fluctuations during the day when analysing body 

composition. 

The primary cause of fluctuations during the day is 

changes in impedance value, because the ECW (i.e. 

intercellular water, blood, lymph fluid, etc.) moves 

between the upper and lower legs and the trunk in 

accordance with food and drink intake, exercise, and 

changes in posture, etc. This impedance value 

fluctuation significantly affects the estimation of body 

composition values. 

In order to minimise the effects of such fluctuations, 

TANITA not only uses impedance values in the 

conventional way, but also adopts reactance values 

that can be acquired by breaking down impedance 

values under a regression formula to reduce 

fluctuations during the day. 

The examples on the right show an approximate 30% 

reduction in fluctuations during the day. 

Impedance measurement method per segment of the body 

52 

53

GB 



•Reliability of body composition estimations based 

on the multi-frequency 8-electrode BIA method 

A regression formula derived from the 

multiple-regression analysis while specifying 

the height, weight, age, and impedance 

values between the arms and legs as 

variables is adopted for the fat %, fat mass, 

FFM, muscle mass, and total body water 

calculations using the body composition 

analyser in accordance with the data 

acquired from the DXA method and dilution 

method targeted at Europeans and 

Americans. The regression formula is created 

from segmental impedance based on the 

data also acquired from the DXA method for 

segmental fat %, fat mass, FFM, and muscle 

mass. The analysed body composition 

values calculated using this regression 

formula bear a close correlation with the 

calculations based on the DXA method or 

dilution method, and offer high 

reproducibility. As mentioned above, we can 

state that body composition analysis based 

on the BIA method is highly reliable. 

 

 

•Factors that affect measurement integrity 

The BIA method is used to measure impedance and calculate body composition based on the results. It is known 

that impedance fluctuates as a result of changes in the total body water – which accounts for about 60% by 

weight –, changes in its distribution status, and body temperature. Therefore, measurement conditions need to be 

fixed to use the data for studies and when repeated measurements are taken daily. 

Accordingly, we recommend that measurements be taken on the following in order to obtain steady values. 

1) Measurements should be taken at least three hours after getting up, assuming normal activity during this 

period. (If the person has been sedentary since rising or travelling by car, there is a high level of impedance 

changes.) 

2) Avoid taking measurements within three hours of eating. (Impedance tends to be lower during the three hours 

following a meal.) 

3) If strenuous exercise is undertaken, the next measurements should be taken at least 12 hours later. (Impedance 

tendency does not settle consistently in accordance with the type or level of exercise.) 

4) Urinate shortly before measurement. 

5) As far as possible, measurements should be taken at approximately the same time each day if done repeatedly. 

(Consistent timing together with measurement of weight enables comparison of stable values.) 

Stable values can be obtained if measurements are taken under the above conditions. 

The following six conditions were stipulated to obtain the regression formula when this equipment was 

developed. 

1) Prohibition on imbibing alcohol during the twelve hours before measurement 

2) Prohibition on strenuous exercise during the twelve hours before measurement 

3) Prohibition on excessive consumption of food or drink on the day before measurement 

4) Prohibition of intake of food or drink during the three hours before measurement 

5) Urination just before measurement 

6) Avoid measurements during menstruation (for female) 

GB 



• DXA method 

Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) uses two types 

of X-ray, and can distinguish anatomically between bone 

mineral, fat, and FFM based on the extent to which X-ray 

permeability differs between these substances. 

The DXA method is an accurate measurement method 

with minimum imposition compared with conventional 

immersed weighing. It can be applied to a wide range of 

individuals, including children and the elderly. Segmental 

measurements of arms and legs are also possible, and 

this has been used as the standard method for body 

composition analysis thus far. 

Results of the body composition based 

on DXA method (LUNAR DPX-L) 

• Dilution method 

The dilution method is used to calculate the total mass of a solvent containing a labelled substance by 

administering a known amount of the labelled substance and measuring the density at equilibrium. 

Heavy water (D2O) is generally used as the labelled substance to measure total body water (TBW). TBW can 

be calculated because the TBW is considered as dilution space for heavy water. Sodium bromide (NaBr) has 

been used as the labelled substance in the method to calculate ECW. It is known that bromine (Br) is not 

contained in cells, and is diluted in the ECW. 

54 

55

GB 



2Fluctuations during the course of the day 

The following graphs are examples of fluctuations during the course of the day. This data was used to check how 

impedance levels between both legs change under dehydration status. Normal activities were performed for two 

days, while the data for the next two days shows the result of forced dehydration by taking a sauna. 

When normal activities are carried out, there is little fluctuation 

in weight, and impedance between both legs and the fat % do 

not fluctuate much during the day either. When dehydrated, 

the individual’s weight dropped by 1 kg, impedance between 

both legs increased by about 15 on day one while dehydrated, 

and increased by 30~35 on day two under the same 

conditions. 

As indicated above, impedance increased with a reduction in 

weight (dehydration) and, conversely, when weight increased 

as a result of excessive consumption of food or drink, 

impedance declined. Accordingly, in terms of daily fluctuations, 

changes in impedance are inversely related to changes in 

weight. 

The following may be the cause of fluctuations during the day. 

1) Temporary increase in weight (total body water) due to 

excess intake of food and drink 

2) Dehydration due to excessive sweating in relation to 

strenuous exercise 

3) Dehydration due to intake of alcohol or use of diuretic 

4) Dehydration due to excessive sweating by taking a sauna, 

etc. 

Accordingly, we recommend avoiding these factors when 

measurements are taken if accuracy is crucial. 

GB 



56 

57

The New Regression Formula 

for Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) 

GB 

GB 



It has long been said among medical and nutritional specialists that "The Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) is determined 

more by the Fat Free Mass (FFM) than by the body weight" (Persons of a given body weight with a higher FFM 

will have a higher BMR) and that, from the aspect of evaluating body composition, should be estimated from the 

FFM. In addition, in cases of simple estimation formulae where calculations can be based on height, weight and 

age without evaluating body composition, there was a problem height, weight and age, without evaluating the 

body composition, there was a problem with excessively high evaluations being given to obese persons with a 

large body weight and, conversely, excessively small BMR evaluations given to muscular athletes, though these are 

not as many in number. 

Currently, the BMR estimation recursion formula developed by Tanita, the manufacturer of body composition 

analysers, and based on their research, works by multiple regressive analysis using this FFM, and has a higher 

degree of accuracy in terms of the individual differences in body composition. In order to derive the BMR, resting 

respiratory metabolism (Resting Energy Expenditure: REE) was measured using a breath gas analysis device, and 

this estimation recursion formula was created based on this data. 

The Relationship Between Resting Energy Expenditure (REE) According to Breath 

Gas Analysis and Weight, FFM 

(Presented at Nutrition Week, held in San Diego in 2002) 

As shown in Figure 1: the REE (BMR) has a stronger relationship to the FFM than to body weight, and a 

difference is visible between males and females in the distribution trends. We see that, in principle, we should 

calculate from the FFM rather than by the old formula centred on the relationship with weight. 

Comparison of BMR Values from the TANITA Multiple regression model and Breath 

Analysis 

(Presented at Nutrition Week held in San Diego in 2002) 

The current BMR retrogression formula is a formula that acts on the principle of using the FFM value from the 

results of body composition measurement according to the BIA, A good relationship is shown in the BMR value 

based on actual breath analysis REE or R=0.9 (p

Product specifications 

GB 

GB 

Model number 

MC-180MA 

Model number 

MC-180MA 

Accuracy Grade 

MDD: CLASS IIa 

NAWI: CLASS III 

Clothes weight 

ID number 

0.05 kg units (0~10 kg) 

0000000001~9999999999 (10 digits) 



Impedance measuring 

part 

Measurement system 

Measurement frequency 

Measurement current *3 

Electrode materials 

Measurement part 

Measurement range 

Accuracy at first calibration 

Measurement system 

Multi-frequency 8-electrode method 

5 kHz / 50 kHz / 250 kHz / 500 kHz 

90 µA or less 

Feet: Stainless steel / handgrips: plated 

Whole body / Right arm / Left arm / Right leg / Left leg 

75.0~1,500.00 Ω (0.1 Ω units) 

±2% 

Resistance scale 

Input / 

selection 

items 

Input 

Selection 

Body type 

Height 

Date and time 

Mode 

Setting up the printer 

Display item selection / system 

Printing item selection / system 

Display 

Standard (5~99 years old) Athletic (18~99 years old) 

90.0~249.9 cm (switchable between 0.1 cm and 1 cm) 

Year / Month / Date / Hours / Minutes (24-hour format) 

Body composition analyser / scales 

Automatic (number of sheets printed: 1~2) / Manual 

Output data interface 



Weight measuring 

part 

Maximum capacity (maximum weight) 

Model authorization No. & accuracy level 

Minimum graduation (minimum display) 

270 kg (including tare) 

T7063 CLASS III 

0~200 kg: 0.05 kg; 200~270 kg: 0.1 kg 

Output data interface 

320 x 240 dot TFT colour LCD touch panel 

RS-232C input/output (Female D sub 9-pin connector) 

USB input/output (B-type connector) 

Accuracy at first calibration 

± 0.2 kg 

Power source 

230 V AC (50/60 Hz) 

Weight 

0~270 kg 

Power consumption 

30 W max. 

Clothes weight 

0~10.00 kg (0.05 kg units) 

Operating temperature range (storage temperature range) 

5°C / 35°C (–10°C / +60°C) 

ID number 

0000000001~9999999999 (10 digits) 

Product weight 

About 35 kg 

Fat % 

Fat % analysis 

Fat mass 

Muscle mass 

Standard weight *2 

1.0~75.0% (0.1% units) 

5-point scale 

Weight 0~200 kg: 0.05 kg units 

Weight 200~270 kg: 0.1 kg units 

*1 When Athletic is selected, this item is not displayed, printed or output. 

*2 When measuring individuals of aged 17 years or younger, this item is not displayed, printed or output. 

*3 Values are measured using measurement circuits compatible with electronic JIS medical instruments 

(IEC-60601-1). 

Total body water 

BMR 

BMR *2 

BMR analysis *2 

0~9,999 kcal/day (1 kcal/day) 

16-point scale 

Obesity *2 

0.1% units 

Display 

BMI 

Body type index: weight (kg)/height squared (m) 2 

Height 

90.0~249.9 cm (switchable between 0.1 cm and 1 cm) 

Output 

items 

Printing 

Evaluation 

Bone mass *2 

Fat % *2 

Muscle *2 

±4 (segmental) 

±4 (whole body / segmental) 

0.05 kg units 

Visceral fat rating *2 

1~59 

TBW 

ICW *2 

5.00~200.00 kg 0.05 kg units 

TBW ECW *2 

ECW / TBW *2 

1% units 

Rohrer index *1 

Weight (kg) / Height squared (cm) 3 x 10 7 

(for a 17 year-old or younger) 

Body type analysis *2 

45-point scale 

Date and time 

Year / Month / Date / Hours / Minutes (24-hour format) 

Body type 


Gender 

Male / Female 

Age 


Resistance 

75.0~1500.0 Ω (0.1 Ω units) 

Reactance 

-375.0~0 Ω (0.1 Ω units) 

60 

61

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