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12th c.<br />
Use of paper began in Europe.<br />
1120<br />
Europe’s first paper mill in Islamic Spain<br />
13th c.<br />
More mills appeared in Italy, as an import from Islamic Spain. They used hemp and linen rags as<br />
a source of fibre.<br />
1400<br />
Paper is widely manufactured in Italy and Germany.<br />
Woodcut printmaking technique was transferred from fabric to paper.<br />
15th c.<br />
Johannes Gutenberg revolutionised Printing Press.<br />
1588<br />
First commercially successful paper mill in England was opened by John Spilman near Dartford in<br />
Kent and was initially reliant on German papermaking expertise.<br />
early 19th c.<br />
Invention of the stem-driven paper making machines, which could make paper with fibres<br />
from wood pulp. The Fourdrinier paper making machine became the basis for most modern<br />
papermaking.<br />
Paper became commonly used for writing and printing and was daily used in other areas.<br />
8
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