Literature on Air Pollution and Lichens XXXIV

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394 THE LICHENOLOGIST Vol.23 Barghigiani, C, Bargagli, R., Siegel, B. Z. & Siegel, S. M. (1990) A comparative study of mercury distribution on the aeolian volcanoes, Vulcano and Stromboli. Water, Air and Soil Pollution 53: 179-188. [Hg contents in vegetation, soil and atmosphere of Volcano and Stromboli were low. Atmospheric gaseous Hg was as high as levels found at sites near cinnabar deposits. See Bargagli & Barghigiani (1991) above.] Barkman, J. J. (1990) Ecological differences between Calluna- and Empetrum-dominated dry heath communities in Drenthe, The Netherlands. Ada Botamca Neerlandica 39: 75-92. [Data presented includes figuresfor percentage decrease of 5 Cladonia species in Empetrum heaths, with NH, and SO, air pollution a suggested cause.] Boissiere, J.-C. (1990) Les lichens saxicoles et terricoles de la foret de Fontainebleau. Bulletin de la Societe Botanique de France 137: 175-195. [Weak air pollution is amongst factors considered responsible for the severe threat to the lichens of Fontainebleau forest.] Boonpragob, K. & Nash III, T. H. (1990) Seasonal variation of elemental status in the lichen Ramalina menziesii Tayl. from two sites in southern California: evidence for dry deposition accumulation. Environmental and Experimental Botany 30: 415^428. [Element content patterns observed in R. menziesii at an unpolluted control site and at a highly polluted transplant site showed leachate element concentrations higher in summer than in winter. High teachable concentrations were only found in dry spells and could be attributed to dry deposition.] Chen,J.-B. (1989) <strong>Literature</strong> on Chinese lichenology 1955-1987. Acta Bryolichenologica Asiatica 1: 57-64. [A bibliography of 74 items of which 3 are directly concerned with air pollution studies.] Cieslinski, S. (1990) List of threatened lichens in Poland: some comments. In Conservation of Fungi and Other Cryptogams in Europe ' Lodzkie Towarzystwo Naukowe; Szlakami Nauki 18) (A. E. Jansen and M. Lawrynowicz, eds): 90-103. Lodz: Lodz Society of Sciences and Arts. [480 species of Polish lichens are endangered, the highest percentage (29",,) of any branch of cryptogams or phanerogams, indicating their high sensitivity to air pollution and other anthropogenic influences. Epiphytes appear most endangered. Despite the supra-regional range of pollutant factors, the degree of danger varies greatly from region to region.] Danin, A. & Caneva, G. (1990) Deterioration of limestone walls in Jerusalem and marble monuments in Rome caused by cyanobacteria and cyanophilous lichens. International Biodeterioration 26: 397-417. [Cyanobacteria and cyanophilous lichens colonize windward walls in Jerusalem, turning white walls grey or black within a century. Rock particles near the microorganisms are detached at a rate of 1 mm per 200 years. Roman marble monuments bear dark patches of cyanobacteria, which promote particle detachment by rain and increase weathering and pit formation. Biodeterioration activities of a few lichens, e.g. Collema (chasmoendolithic) and Lecanora muralis, are particularized.] Dowding, P. & Richardson, D. H. S. (1990) Leafyeasts as indicators of air quality in Europe. Environmental Pollution 66: 223-235. [Includes a comparison of leaf yeast and lichen data (with zonal maps) for Greater Dublin, Ireland, and a discussion of leaf yeasts as bioindicators.] Eikelmann, I. M. H., Bye, K. & Sletten, H. D. (1990) Seasonal variation of cesium 134 and cesium 137 in semidomestic reindeer in Norway after the Chernobyl accident. Rangifer (1990, special issue 3): 35-38. [Seasonal variations and decrease of radioactivity were measured in three Norwegian areas with high 134 Cs and " v Cs levels in lichens, the main winter feed.] Ekman, S., Froberg, L., Karnefelt, I., Sundin, R. & Thor, G. (1991) New or interesting lichens from Estonia. Folia Cryptogamica Estonica 28: 5-25. [It is noted (:6) that Lecanora conizaeoides, common in south Sweden, is absent from the western Estonian flora, little affected by air pollution. Some pollution-sensitive species, still found in Estonia, are becoming rarer in south Sweden.] Farkas, E. (1990) Lichen mapping in the Budapest agglomeration area (Hungary). Stuttgarter Beitrdge zur Naturkunde, series A 456: 59-65. [Budapest's built-up area is an epiphytic ' lichen desert' with only Lecanora hagenii and Scoliciosporum chlorococcum recorded. In two ' struggle zones ' small thalli of Hypogymnia physodes and Parmelia sulcata are appearing. Mapping was continued in a reserve area to the north-west. Increasing air pollution necessitates nationwide grid-mapping.]
1991 <strong>Literature</strong> on air pollution and lichens—Henderson 395 Farkas, E. & Patkai, T. (1989) Lichens as indicators of air pollution in the Budapest agglomeration. 2. Energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis of Hypogymnia physodes (L.) Nyl. thalli. Ada Botanica Hungarica 35: 55-71. [Element analysis of Hungarian H. physodes (from Budapest and the Pilis mountains). Anatomical structures showed great variation. Cell walls in medullary hyphae were thickened owing to calcification. Underlying bark gave results suggesting absorption from substratum.] Farmer, A. M. (1991) The Effects of Dust on Vegetation and its Consequences for Nature Conservation in Great Britain. ICSD Note 57j: 1-24. Peterborough: Nature Conservancy Council. [Review study of the effects of inert dusts, of limestone, cement, road, flyash and other dusts on plant communities, with a section (:6-8) on effects on epiphytic and terricolous lichens.] Feige, G. B., Niemann, L. & Jahnke, S. (1990) Lichens and mosses: silent chronists of the Chernobyl accident. Bibliotheca Lichenologica 38: 63—77. [Lower plants have retained high post-Chernobyl burdens of 134 Cs and 13 Cs, whereas annual vegetation shows diminished levels. In South Germany and Middle Sweden radiocaesium burdens in mosses and lichens can be over 40 000 Bq kg. Lichen apices and apothecia are the main areas of radionuclide uptake with ' hot spots ' of fallout particles on lichen surfaces. Over western Europe lichen radioactivity varies by factors of up to 1000.] Giersberg, M. (1986) Zur Verbreitung ausgesuchter Flechtenarten in Einzugsgebiet von Rostock. 3. Krustenformige Arten und Flechtenzonen. Wissenschaftliche Zeitschnft der Wilhelm-Pieck-Universitdt Rostock. Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe 35: 82-86. [Maps and notes on distribution of Lecanora conizaeoides and Lepraria incana in the Rostock area. Zonal map of Rostock combining data on fruticose, foliose and crustose lichens.] Giersberg, M. (1986) Urbane Flechtenmuster im Rostocker Raum. Wissenschaftliche Zeitschrift Karl-Marx-Universitdt Leipzig, Mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Reihe 35: 681-688. [Qualitative and quantitative maps are used in an examination of lichen distribution in Rostock, and urban influences are discussed.] Giersberg, M. (1985) Zur Verbreitung ausgesuchter Flechtenarten in Einzugsgebiet von Rostock. 1. Bandformige Arten. Wissenschaftliche Zeitschrift der Wilhelm-Pieck-Untversitdt Rostock. Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe 34: 61-68. [Maps and notes on distribution of Ramalina farinacea, R.fraxinea, R.fastigiata and Evernia prunastri in the Rostock area.] Giersberg, M. (1985) Zur Verbreitung ausgesuchter Flechtenarten in Einzugsgebiet von Rostock. 2. Blattformige Arten. Wissenschaftliche Zeitschrift der Wilhelm-Pieck-Universitdt Rostock. Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe 34: 69-75. [Maps and notes on distribution of Hypogymnia physodes, Parmelia sulcata, Physcia adscendens and Xanthoria parietina in the Rostock area.] Gilbert, O. L. (1991) A successful transplant operation involving Lobaria amplissima. Lichenologist 23: 73-76. [Fourteen transplants of L. amplissima from ash to ash, oak and plane in Lowther Park, Cumbria, were monitored over 10 years. Ten transplants succeeded; all failures were in the first year. Such transplants can save some threatened species.] Gliemeroth, A. K. (1990) Die Flechtenflora kranker Nadelbaume im Nordschwarzwald: Okologische Untersuchungen zur Differenzierung zwischen Immissionsbelastung und epidemischer Erkrankung. Dissertationes Botanicae 161: 1-148. [Comparison of lichen and tree viability in an area with pollution from a strong local source and in others with background emission levels.] Glime, J. M. & Iwatsuki, Z. (1990) Niche characteristics of Cladonia lichens associated with geothermal vents in Japan. Ecological Research 5: 131-141. [Includes comments on the tolerance displayed by some Cladonia species for the unusual chemistry (low pH, high S and heavy metal content) of soils associated with geothermal vents, ' perhaps explaining their abundance in our study. '] Gorshkov, V. V. (1986) Epifitye likheinosinuzii sosnovykh lesov kolskogo poluostrova (formirovanie, ekologiya, vliyanie antropogennykh factorov. [Epiphytic lichen sinusiae of pine forests (morphology, ecology, influence of anthropogenic factors).] Degree dissertation, V. L. Komarov Botanical Institute, Leningrad. [Note particularly section 4 (Epiphytic lichen cover in uncontaminated pine forests and the major decisive factors) and section 6 (Epiphytic lichen cover of pine forests in regions of atmospheric pollution) with a table of lichen occurrence (29 species) and distance from pollution source. Russian only. See Gorshkov (1989a,*) and Gorshkov & Lyanguzova (1989) listed in XXXIII.]
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Literature on Air Pollution and Lichens XXXIV

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