Annexure 8- Presentations on 'Landmine detection using GPR'- Prof ...

LANDMINE DETECTION USING GPR
GRASS SNOW DESERT
TYPICAL MINE SCENARIOS
Contact: Prof. G. Venkatachalam, gvee@iitb.ac.in; Prof. E.P.Rao, ceepria@iitb.ac.in
Department of Civil Engineering, IITB

Magnitude:
More than 100‐million
landmines, in 70
countries
More than 1‐million
people killed or
maimed, since 1975
The concern?
‣ Mines are active even years after
a war is waged and forgotten
‣ Cause tragic, unintended,
d
damage, injury and death to
innocent civilians
‣ Pose a threat to internal security
It is known:
There are more than 350 types of land mines
Simple to sophisticated triggering mechanisms
Mainly 2 categories: Anti-personnel and Anti-tank
Could be Metallic or Non- metallic mines
Response depends on several factors
http://www.howstuffworks.com/landmine.htm

Factors affecting GPR Response to landmines:
Type of mine - metallic or non-metallic.
Host soil grain-size, moisture content, dielectric constant
& frequency
Metallic are easier to detect
t
Higher Soil moisture content / percentage of clay enables
better detection of plastic mines
Higher frequency gives better detection capability
Research needed specifically under typical Indian scenarios
to understand:
GPR response under controlled Lab. and Field conditions
GPR response to metallic and non-metallic objects
Effects of host soil grain-size, moisture, dielectric
permittivity & frequency
Response through Numerical Simulation of real situations

200 MHz
C SCAN 200 MHz
SCAN IN PROGRESS
15-80 MHz
B SCAN B SCAN 200 MHz 200 MHz
400 MHz
0.7m
0.4m
ASCAN
A SCAN
0.7m
0.9m
1.4m
0.4m
1.5m
Pipe 1 Pipe 2
Pipe 1
Pipe 2
IITB Post Office
Site
STUDIES
AT IIT BOMBAY
IITB
Guest House Site
Soil profiling
IN SU
S

GPR Scan
1.5 m
Pipe (Void)
0.8 m
4.5m
Soil
5
500
5
1
1.5
2
2.
0
V
0
‐0.5
‐1
Xo
x’ 0
45 0 x’’ 0
x’ 0 ‐ (x’ 0 ) R=0
R PRED
0 0 R 0
R
The Yee Cell
1500
2000
2500
50 100 150 200 250 300
-4
-6
-8
-10
0.5
1000
-2
PIPE R PRED (m) R ACTUAL (m)
ε Estimated
ε Estimated
ε Actual
Pipe 1 Pipe 2
SITE
(MIGRATION)
(HOUGH)
(CMP)
1 0.348 0.375
2 0.140 0.189
3 0.130 0.184
4 0.24 0.225
5 0.025 0.115
1 5.76 5.29 6.83
2 2.56 8.13 9.33
3 7.29 8.07 9.33
4 1.96 2.12 2.24
Classification for Pipe 1 Classification for Pipe 2
Prediction of Radius &
Dielectric Constant
FDTD Simulation & SVM
Classification
STUDIES AT IIT BOMBAY