Approach 12 FYP - Indian Railways Institute of Transport Management

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44 Approach to the Twelfth Five Year Plan Inland Waterways 4.21 The Inland waterways provide a clean and efficient mechanism for transportation of goods across regions where quite often road movement may not be feasible or in any case more expensive. Investments need to be promoted in this sector to develop it, particularly in the North Eastern Region and in a number of other major rivers. There is also a need to bring about legislative changes to make the creation of new waterways faster after technical assessment is made. Civil Aviation 4.22 The Eleventh Plan saw extensive modernisation of the airport infrastructure through a combination of public and private investment. Chennai and Kolkata airports are being modernised by the public sector along with 35 non-metro airports. The two major metro airports – Delhi and Mumbai – have been successfully modernized in the PPP mode. The new Mumbai airport is also expected to be bid out for development by the private sector. In addition, Hyderabad, Bangalore and Cochin airports offer good examples of the success of the PPP model. There is scope for utilizing this model to further upgrade the other airports. 4.23 The expansion of the airport network has increased the basis for air connectivity enormously. Air connectivity is vitally important for bringing mid-sized towns into the business network, thereby enabling wider distribution of manufacturing and commercial service provisioning across the country. There are large requirements of this connectivity in North-East and Left Wing Extremism affected Districts. In addition to the mid-sized airports modernized by AAI, further expansion of the airport network should be pursued in the Twelfth Plan to meet these needs. 4.24 In order to include a large number of potential towns for air-connectivity ‘daylight landing strips’ offer one solution which is cost effective insofar as it does not require expensive night landing equipment. This can help us bring many more mid-sized towns into the air-connectivity network and facilitate the transactions of industrial and commercial business across the country. 4.25 Special efforts are needed for the modernization of navigation control with an aim to bring greater precision and enhancement of safety of passengers and cargo as well as greater efficiency in the air traffic control. The Gagan project has been launched by the Airport Authority of India in collaboration with ISRO. It envisages global navigation satellite system which would include better ground surveillance capability for surface movement control and guidance especially useful in poor visibility conditions and is likely to be operationalized by June, 2013. The implementation of this programme is presently continuing at various airports. 4.26 The hiving off of the Air Traffic Control from AAI has been under consideration to bring more focused approach with a view to enhance the equipment upgradation and manpower deployment in the area of air traffic control. It is appropriate that a separate entity is formed early for this purpose.
5 Sustainable Management of Natural Resources 5.1 As the economy gains the capacity to grow rapidly, it will come up against the constraint of limitations of natural resources and the need to exploit these in a sustainable manner. Sustainability has traditionally been viewed in terms of limiting the damage that economic activity imposes on the environment and remedying this damage as much as possible. In addition to these traditional environmental concerns, we need to pay attention to the challenge posed by the need to manage our water resources in a manner which enables the finite water resources to meet the growing demands of rapid growth and also the need to manage finite land resources to the same end. Water Resources Management 5.2 Water is a relatively scarce resource in India since we have 16.0 per cent of the world’s population and only 4.0 per cent of the usable fresh water. Since the annual availability of fresh water is fixed and demands are bound to expand as production increases, larger production can only be sustained if available water resources are harnessed in a sustainable manner and water use efficiency is increased. At the same time, India receives nearly 1,200 millimetres of rainfall through the year. Even the most arid meteorological division namely, West Rajasthan, receives nearly 300 millimetres of rainfall. The relatively arid parts of the country receive annual rainfall in excess of 650 millimetres, while most of the country gets over 800 millimetres of annual precipitation. It is necessary to match our use, through improvement in efficiency, with the annual replenishable water supply that the country receives. Available evidence suggests that with increased use of water, mostly on an unsustainable basis, the country is headed towards a grave water crisis. Irrigation accounts for 80.0 per cent of our total water usage. 60.0 per cent of irrigation water and 80.0 per cent of rural drinking water comes from ground water. 5.3 Satellite data reveals that there has been a decline in the ground water level of 4 centimetres each year between 2002 and 2008 in the alluvial tracks of Northern India where natural rates of recharge are high. This is equivalent to an increase in over 70.0 per cent in the rate of water extraction compared to the previous decade. The decline in the water table is also evident in the crystalline, volcanic and mountainous regions that account for nearly 70.0 per cent of our landmass where natural rate of ground water recharge is very low. 5.4 Lack of any coordination between competing uses and the complete absence of regulation has aggravated the problem inherent in the anarchic drilling for ground water. The fact that neither power nor water is adequately priced has only promoted the misuse of our ground water resources.
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15 Governance 15.1 With rapid expan
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Approach 12 FYP - Indian Railways Institute of Transport Management

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