Abu-Lughod Asia.pdf

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See pp. 256-‐57 for tables on winds/sailing conditions and times of year. When the Chinese (Ming Dynasty) withdrew from the sea in 1435, it created a power vacuum that would be filled by the Portuguese. Chapter 8: The Indian Subcontinent: On the Way to Everywhere. India has two macroecological zones: the Malabar Coast and the Coromandel. Sea trade to and from Gujarat, and possibly the Malabar Coast was already happening in 2000 BCE. The Abbasids were revitalizing this route in the 8 th century CE.
In the Mediterranean a perpetual state of naval warfare existed from the ninth century onward, and commercial ships, therefore, always traveled in military convoys. That was not true in the Indian Ocean since sea warfare did not characterize commerce there. The trade was essentially peaceful. (p. 275) It was a system of laissez-‐faire and multiethnic shipping, established over long centuries of relative peace and tolerance. In December 1500 the Portuguese captain, Cabral decided to attack and seize two Muslim ships loading pepper at Calicut. He was “sinning” against an “unwritten law.” (p. 276)
Page 1: PART III: ASIA The Indian Ocea
Page 5 and 6: Chapter 9: The Straight and Na
Page 7 and 8: Chapter 9: All the Silks of C

Abu-Lughod Asia.pdf

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