Druckschrift 99810560, Combiners and Filters for FM ... - Kathrein

BCA
Combiners and Filters for
FM Broadcast and TV Systems
ABRIDGEMENT

Photo on title page: FM Multipattern Combiner, 3x 10 kW
Catalogue Issue 02/2007
All data published in previous catalog issues hereby becomes invalid.
We reserve the right to make alterations in accordance with the requirements of our customers,
therefore for binding datas please check valid datasheets!
Please note:
As a result of more stringent legal regulations
and judgements regarding product liability, we are
obliged to point out certain risks that may arise
when products are used under extraordinary
operating conditions.
Extraordinary operating conditions, such as exceptional
dynamic stress (e.g. strain caused by oscillating
support structures), may result in decline in technical
performance.
Installation teams must be properly qualified and
also be familiar with the relevant national safety
regulations.
“Quality leads the way”
As the world’s oldest and largest antenna manufacturer, we live up to claim “Quality
leads the way” on a daily basis. One of the fundamental principies is to always be on
the lookout for the best solution for our customers.
Our quality assurance system and our environmental management system apply to the
entire company and are certified by TÜV according to EN ISO 9001 and EN ISO 14001.
Internet: http://www.kathrein.de
KATHREIN-Werke KG . Phone +49 80 31 184-0 . Fax +49 80 31 184-495
Anton-Kathrein-Straße 1 – 3 . P.O. Box 10 04 44 . D-83004 Rosenheim . Germany

Contents
Page
Who we are 4
Band II (FM)
87.5 – 108 MHz 5 – 13
Band III (VHF)
174 – 230 MHz 14 – 17
Band IV/V (UHF)
470 – 860 MHz 18 – 19
Further Components 20 – 21
Customized Design 22 – 23
Technical Annex 24 – 29
3

Who we are
Kathrein-Werke KG, founded in 1919 in Rosenheim
(Germany), is an international enterprise,
active in antenna and communications technology.
Since the early 1960’s Kathrein-Werke KG has
been supplying professional combiner systems
of all sizes to broadcasters in every part of the
world – from Canada to China and from Norway to
South Africa.
Right from the start Kathrein-Werke KG has
maintained a high level of engineering capability.
Today there is a team of antenna and mechanical
engineers dealing exclusively with broadcast
transmitting systems.
Customers are welcome to take advantage of
the technical expertise available from Kathrein-
Werke KG and to discuss their specific requirements.
If your needs cannot met with our standard
components we are prepared to develop
customized solutions for you.
Kathrein-Werke KG quality management system
is certified in accordance with DIN EN ISO 9001.
This certification includes manufacturing
operations as well as design processes.
As a result of the introduction of the Environment
Management System according DIN EN ISO
14001 environmental protection is beeing
systematically integrated into the corporation
entire process chain.
4

Band-pass Filter
87.5 ... 108 MHz, 100 W
Band-pass filter can be used
– for improving the input selectivity of receivers and
amplifiers
– for increasing the isolation of transmitters where
respective antennas are close together
– for suppressing noise side bands and intermodulation
products
– as a component in the construction of combiners
Design and Construction
The band-pass filter is made of three capacitively
coupled resonators. The operating frequency, the
coupling between the resonators and also the input and
output couplings are adjustable.
The band-pass filter is convection-cooled, no ventilators
are required.
The band-pass filter must be tuned to the operating
channel. Tuning may be done at our factory or can be
carried out on site.
Clear tuning instructions and also any special tools
necessary are part of the delivery extent.
719 118 FM Band-pass filter, 100 W
Technical Data
Type No. 719 118
Frequency range
87.5 ... 108 MHz
Insertion loss (1
< 0.7 dB
VSWR
< 1.1 (at pass band)
Impedance
50 Ω
Input power
max. 100 W
Temperature range –20 °C ... +50 °C
Connectors
7-16 female
Material
Aluminium (outer conductor)
Brass, silver-plated (inner conductor)
Weight
12 kg
Dimensions (l x w x h)
460 mm x 312 mm x 100 mm
Packing size (l x w x h)
550 mm x 360 mm x 160 mm
(1 Insertion loss value apply to standard tuning with 3-dB bandwidth
of about 1.250 kHz.
Attenuation/dB
Attenuation/dB
0
10
20
30
40
50
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 f 0 +1 +2 +3 +4 +5
Frequency/MHz
0
1
2
3
4
5
-1.0
-0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 f 0 +0.2 +0.4 +0.6 +0.8 +1.0
Frequency/MHz
5

Band-pass Filter
87.5 ... 108 MHz, 3 kW
Band-pass filter can be used
– for improving the input selectivity of receivers and
amplifiers
– for increasing the isolation of transmitters whose
respective antennas are close together
– for suppressing noise side bands and intermodulation
products
– as a component in the construction of combiners
Design and Construction
The band-pass filter is made of three capacitively
coupled, temperature stabilised resonators. The
operating frequency, the coupling between the
resonators and also the input and output couplings are
adjustable.
Any heat produced is dissipated into the surroundings
via heat sinks. The band-pass filter is convectioncooled,
so no ventilators are required.
The band-pass filter must be tuned to the operating
channel. Tuning may be done at our factory or can be
carried out on site.
Clear tuning instructions and also any special tools
necessary are part of the delivery extent.
728 726 FM Band-pass filter, 3 kW
Technical Data
Type No. 728 726
Frequency range
87.5 ... 108 MHz
Insertion loss (1
< 0.25 ... 0.5 dB
VSWR
< 1.1 (at pass band)
Impedance
50 Ω
Input power
max. 3 kW
Temperature range –20 °C ... +50 °C
Connectors
7/8″ EIA-flange
Material
Aluminium (outer conductor)
Brass, silver-plated (inner conductor)
Colour
RAL 7032 (grey)
Weight
55 kg
Dimensions (l x w x h)
680 mm x 220 mm x 1320 mm
Packing size (l x w x h)
720 mm x 300 mm x 1500 mm
(1 Insertion loss value with standard tuning will be approx. 0.35 dB;
refering 3-dB bandwidth is 900 kHz.
Attenuation/dB
Attenuation/dB
0
10
20
30
40
50
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 f 0 +1 +2 +3 +4 +5
Frequency/MHz
0
1
2
3
4
5
-1.0
-0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 f 0 +0.2 +0.4 +0.6 +0.8 +1.0
Frequency/MHz
6

Band-pass Filter
87.5 ... 108 MHz, 5 kW
Band-pass filter can be used
– for improving the input selectivity of receivers and
amplifiers
– for increasing the isolation of transmitters whose
respective antennas are close together
– for suppressing noise side bands and intermodulation
products
– as a component in the construction of combiners
Design and Construction
The band-pass filter is made of three capacitively
coupled, temperature stabilised resonators. The
operating frequency, the coupling between the
resonators and also the input and output couplings are
adjustable.
Any heat produced is dissipated into the surroundings
via heat sinks. The band-pass filter is convectioncooled,
so no ventilators are required.
The band-pass filter must be tuned to the operating
channel. Tuning may be done at our factory or can be
carried out on site.
Clear tuning instructions and also any special tools
necessary are part of the delivery extent.
730 150 FM Band-pass filter, 5 kW
Technical Data
Type No. 730 150
Frequency range
87.5 ... 108 MHz
Insertion loss (1
< 0.25 ... 0.4 dB
VSWR
< 1.1 (at pass band)
Impedance
50 Ω
Input power
max. 5 kW
Temperature range –20 °C ... +50 °C
Connectors
1 5/8″ EIA-flange
Material
Aluminium (outer conductor)
Brass, silver-plated (inner conductor)
Colour
RAL 7032 (grey)
Weight
100 kg
Dimensions (l x w x h)
975 mm x 285 mm x 1260 mm
Packing size (l x w x h)
1100 mm x 470 mm x 1450 mm
(1 Insertion loss value with standard tuning will be approx. 0.30 dB;
reference 3-dB bandwidth is 800 kHz.
Attenuation/dB
Attenuation/dB
0
10
20
30
40
50
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 f 0 +1 +2 +3 +4 +5
Frequency/MHz
0
1
2
3
4
5
-1.0
-0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 f 0 +0.2 +0.4 +0.6 +0.8 +1.0
Frequency/MHz
7

Starpoint Combiner
87.5 ... 108 MHz, 100 W
General
Starpoint combiners enable several transmitters or
receivers to be connected to one common output. This
arrangement provides a cost-efficient solution while
retaining the advantages of band-pass filter usage.
Design and Construction
This starpoint combiners consist of one 3-pole bandpass
filter per channel. The inputs of the filters are narrowband.
The outputs are connected via
pre-defined cable lengths to a common starpoint. This
starpoint then forms the output of the combiner.
The starpoint combiners may be extended by adding
further band-pass filters and by exchanging the starpoint.
The combiners are maintenance-free and are thus
especially safe to operate.
The band-pass filters must be tuned to the operating
channel. Tuning may be done at our factory or can be
carried out on site.
Clear tuning instructions and also any special tools
necessary are supplied along with the combiner.
793 196 FM Starpoint combiner, 4x 100 W
Output
Starpoint
CH 1
Input 1
CH 2
Input 2
CH 3
Input 3
CH 4
Input 4
Technical Data
Type No. Inputs Insertion Connectors Weight Height (2 Packing size
loss (1 Input / Output [mm]
793 192 2 < 0.9 dB 7-16 female 31 kg 8 HU 650 x 590 x 450
793 194 3 < 0.9 dB 7-16 female 43 kg 8 HU 650 x 590 x 450
793 196 4 < 1.0 dB 7-16 female 55 kg 12 HU 650 x 590 x 630
Frequency range
87.5 ... 108 MHz
Channel spacing
> 2 MHz
Isolation
> 30 dB
VSWR
< 1.1 (at pass band)
Impedance
50 Ω
Input power
max. 100 W (per input)
Temperature range –20 °C ... +50 °C
Material
Aluminium (outer conductor)
Brass, silver-plated (inner conductor)
Colour (front plate)
RAL 7032 (grey)
Dimensions
19″ drawer (depth 550 mm)
(1 Insertion loss value refers to a 3-dB bandwidth of 1.250 kHz. Minimum 3-dB bandwidth is 1000 kHz.
(2 One HU (height unit) is equivalent to 44.45 mm
8

Starpoint Combiner
87.5 ... 108 MHz, 3 kW
General
Starpoint combiners enable several transmitters or
receivers to be connected to one common output. This
arrangement provides a cost efficient solution while
retaining the advantages of band-pass filter usage.
Design and Construction
This starpoint combiners consist of one temperature
stabilised 3-pole band-pass filter per channel. The
inputs of the filters are narrowband. The outputs are
connected via pre-defined rigid-lines onto a common
starpoint. This starpoint then forms the output of the
combiner.
The starpoint combiners may be extended by adding
further band-pass filters and by exchanging the starpoint.
Any heat produced is dissipated into the surroundings
via heat sinks. The starpoint combiner is convectioncooled,
so no ventilators are required.
The band-pass filters must be tuned to the operating
channel. Tuning may be done at our factory or can be
carried out on site.
Clear tuning instructions and also any special tools
necessary are supplied along with the combiner.
728 868 FM Starpoint combiner, 2x 3 kW
Output
Starpoint
Technical Data
CH 1
Input 1
CH 2
Input 2
Type No. Inputs Insertion Connectors Weight Dimensions Packing size
loss (1 Input / Output (l x w x h) [mm] [mm]
728 868 2 < 0.5 dB 7/8″ EIA / 1 5/8″ EIA 110 kg 790 x 482 x 1320 1010 x 610 x 1400
730 040 3 < 0.6 dB 7/8″ EIA / 1 5/8″ EIA 180 kg 1553 x 482 x 1320 1x 1010 x 610 x 1400
1x 1010 x 315 x 1400
730 041 4 < 0.7 dB 7/8″ EIA / 1 5/8″ EIA 250 kg 1553 x 482 x 1320 2x 1010 x 610 x 1400
Frequency range
87.5 ... 108 MHz
Channel spacing
> 1.5 MHz
Isolation
> 30 dB
VSWR
< 1.1 (at pass band)
Impedance
50 Ω
Input power
max. 3 kW (per input)
Temperature range –20 °C ... +50 °C
Material
Aluminium (outer conductor)
Brass, sliver plated (inner conductor)
Colour
RAL 7032 (grey)
(1 Insertion loss value refers to a 3-dB bandwidth of 900 kHz. Minimum 3-dB bandwidth is 600 kHz.
9

Starpoint Combiner
87.5 ... 108 MHz, 5 kW
General
Starpoint combiners enable several transmitters or
receivers to be connected to one common output. This
arrangement provides a cost efficient solution while
retaining the advantages of band-pass filter usage.
Design and Construction
This starpoint combiners consist of one temperature
stabilised 3-pole band-pass filter per channel. The
inputs of the filters are narrowband. The outputs are
connected via pre-defined rigid-lines onto a common
starpoint. This starpoint then forms the output of the
combiner.
The starpoint combiners may be extended by adding
further band-pass filters and by exchanging the starpoint.
Any heat produced is dissipated into the surroundings
via heat sinks. The starpoint combiner is convectioncooled,
so no ventilators are required.
The band-pass filters must be tuned to the operating
channel. Tuning may be done at our factory or can be
carried out on site.
Clear tuning instructions and also any special tools
necessary are supplied along with the combiner.
790 719 FM Starpoint combiner, 4x 5 kW
Output
Starpoint
CH 1
Input 1
CH 2
Input 2
CH 3
Input 3
CH 4
Input 4
Technical Data
Type No. Inputs Insertion Connectors Weight Dimensions Packing size
loss (1 Input / Output (l x w x h) [mm] [mm]
790 717 2 < 0.4 dB 1 5/8″ EIA / 1 5/8″ EIA 220 kg 975 x 695 x 1275 1080 x 890 x 1500
790 718 3 < 0.5 dB 1 5/8″ EIA / 3 1/8″ EIA 335 kg 2185 x 695 x 1260 2x 1080 x 890 x 1500
1x 1080 x 470 x 1500
790 719 4 < 0.6 dB 1 5/8″ EIA / 3 1/8″ EIA 450 kg 2185 x 695 x 1260 2x 1080 x 890 x 1500
Frequency range
87.5 ... 108 MHz
Channel spacing
> 1.5 MHz
Isolation
> 35 dB
VSWR
< 1.1 (at pass band)
Impedance
50 Ω
Input power
max. 5 kW (per input)
Temperature range –20 °C ... +50 °C
Material
Aluminium (outer conductor)
Brass, silver-plated (inner conductor)
Colour
RAL 7032 (grey)
(1 Insertion loss value refers to a 3-dB bandwidth of 800 kHz. Minimum 3-dB bandwidth is 600 kHz.
10

Directional Filter Combiner
87.5 ... 108 MHz, 200 W
General
Directional filter combiners enable several transmitters
to be connected to one common output.
The design offers an expandable system which is
constructed in a modular form. The configuration
provides the best frequency response and optimum
isolation between the inputs.
Design and Construction
This combiner consists of two 3-pole band-pass filters,
two 3-dB couplers and a balancing load.
One input is narrowband (NB) in accordance with the
frequency response of the band-pass filters. The
second input is broadband (BB) within the operating
frequency range of the 3-dB coupler.
The directional filter combiner may be extended by
adding further combiners – directional filter combiners
as well as starpoint combiners.
Any heat produced is dissipated into the surroundings.
Thus the combiner is maintenance free and especially
safe to operate.
The band-pass filters must be tuned to the operating
channel. Tuning may be done at our factory or can be
carried out on site.
Clear tuning instructions and also any special tools
necessary are supplied along with the combiner.
790 277 FM Directional filter combiner, 200 W
Technical Data
Type No. 790 277
Output
Inputs Narrowband input (NB) Broadband input (BB)
Frequency range 87.5 ... 108 MHz 87.5 – 108 MHz
tuned to one channel free choice of channel
Insertion loss (1 < 0.8 dB < 0.2 dB
Input power 200 W 800 W
Channel spacing
> 1.5 MHz
Isolation
> 30 dB (NB to BB-input)
> 50 dB (BB to NB-input)
VSWR
< 1.1 (at pass band)
< 1.25 (at stop band)
Impedance
50 Ω
Temperature range –20 °C ... +50 °C
Connectors
7-16 female
Colour (front-plate)
RAL 7032 (grey)
Weight
34 kg
Dimensions
19″ drawer
(6 height units, depth 550 mm) (2
CH 1
Narrowband input
(NB)
Load
CH 2
Broadband input
(BB)
(1 Insertion loss and isolation values refer to the min. channel spacing of 1.5 MHz.
(2 One HU (hight unit) refers to 44.45 mm.
11

Directional Filter Combiner
87.5 ... 108 MHz, 5 kW
General
The directional filter combiners enable several transmitters
to be connected to one common output.
The design offers an expandable system which is
constructed in a modular form. The configuration
provides the best frequency response and optimum
isolation between the inputs.
Design and Construction
This combiner consists of two temperature stabilised
3-pole band-pass filters, two 3-dB couplers and a
balancing load.
One input is narrowband (NB) in accordance with the
frequency response of the band-pass filters. The
second input is broadband (BB) within the operating
frequency range of the 3-dB coupler.
The directional filter combiner may be extended by
adding further combiners – directional filter combiners
as well as starpoint combiners.
Any heat produced is dissipated into the surroundings
via heat sinks. Thus the combiner is maintenance-free
and especially safe to operate.
The band-pass filters must be tuned to the operating
channel. Tuning may be done at our factory or can be
carried out on site.
Clear tuning instructions and also any special tools
necessary are supplied along with the combiner.
726 473 FM Directional filter combiner, 5 kW
Technical Data
Type No. 726 473
Output
Inputs Narrowband input (NB) Broadband input (BB)
Frequency range 87.5 ... 108 MHz 87.5 – 108 MHz
tuned to one channel free choice of channel
Insertion loss (1 < 0.35 ... 0.5 dB < 0.2 dB
Input power 5 kW 15 kW
Channel spacing
> 0.8 MHz
Isolation
> 30 dB (NB to BB-input)
> 50 dB (BB to NB-input)
VSWR
< 1.1 (at pass band)
< 1.25 (at stop band)
Impedance
50 Ω
Temperature range –20 °C ... +50 °C
Connectors
7/8″ EIA-flange (NB-input)
1 5/8″ EIA-flange (BB-input and Output)
Colour
RAL 7032 (grey)
Weight
140 kg
Dimensions (l x w x h)
850 mm x 560 mm x 1320 mm
Packing size (l x w x h)
1015 mm x 615 mm x 1400 mm
CH 1
Narrowband input
(NB)
Load
CH 2
Broadband input
(BB)
(1 Insertion loss and isolation values refer to the min. channel spacing of 0.8 MHz.
12

Directional Filter Combiner
87.5 ... 108 MHz, 10 kW
General
The directional filter combiners enable several transmitters
to be connected to one common output.
The design offers an expandable system which is
constructed in a modular form. The configuration
provides the best frequency response and optimum
isolation between the inputs.
Design and Construction
This combiner consists of two temperature stabilised
3-pole band-pass filters, two 3-dB couplers and a
balancing load.
One input is narrowband (NB) in accordance with the
frequency response of the band-pass filters. The
second input is broadband (BB) within the operating
frequency range of the 3-dB coupler.
The directional filter combiner may be extended by
adding further combiners – directional filter combiners
as well as starpoint combiners.
Any heat produced is dissipated into the surroundings
via heat sinks. Thus the combiner is maintenance free
and especially safe to operate.
The band-pass filters must be tuned to the operating
channel. Tuning may be done at our factory or can be
carried out on site.
Clear tuning instructions and also any special tools
necessary are supplied along with the combiner.
728 393 FM Directional filter combiner, 10 kW
Technical Data
Type No. 728 393
Output
Inputs Narrowband input (NB) Broadband input (BB)
Frequency range 87.5 ... 108 MHz 87.5 ... 108 MHz
tuned to one channel free choice of channel
Insertion loss (1 < 0.3 ... 0.4 dB < 0.15 dB
Input power 10 kW 50 kW
Channel spacing
> 0.8 MHz
Isolation
> 35 dB (NB to BB-input)
> 55 dB (BB to NB-input)
VSWR
< 1.1 (at pass band)
< 1.25 (at stop band)
Impedance
50 Ω
Temperature range –20 °C ... +50 °C
Connectors
1 5/8″ EIA-flange (NB-input)
3 1/8″ EIA-flange (BB-input and Output)
Colour
RAL 7032 (grey)
Weight
290 kg
Dimensions (l x w x h)
1150 mm x 695 mm x 1435 mm
Packing size (l x w x h)
1350 mm x 870 mm x 1620 mm
CH 1
Narrowband input
(NB)
Load
~
~
CH 2
Broadband input
(BB)
(1 Insertion loss and isolation values refer to the min. channel spacing of 0.8 MHz.
13

Band-pass Filter
210 ... 230 MHz, DAB, 1 kW
The band-pass filter can be used
– as output filter of DAB-transmitters
– for appliances where high Q is requested to achiveve
low insertion loss in addtion with high selectivity close
to the pass-band
– to achieve filter-mask criteria conform to standard
ETS-300401 – non critical mask
– as a component in the construction of DAB-combiners
Design and Construction
The band-pass filter is made of six inductively coupled
resonators. The operating frequency, the coupling
between the resonators and also the input and output
couplings are adjustable.
The band-pass filter is convection-cooled, no ventilators
are required.
The band-pass filter must be tuned to the operating
channel. Tuning may be done at our factory or can be
carried out on site.
Clear tuning instructions and also any special tools
necessary are part of the delivery extent.
792 776 DAB Band-pass filter, 1 kW
Technical Data
Type No. 792 776
Frequency range
Insertion loss (1
Selectivity
VSWR
Impedance
Input power
210 ... 230 MHz
< 0.9 dB (at f 0 typ. 0.7 dB)
< 1.1 dB (at edge frequencies)
> 40 dB (at f 0 ± 1.768 MHz)
> 60 dB (at f 0 ± 5 MHz)
< 1.2 (at pass band)
50 Ω
max. 1 kW
Temperature range –20 °C ... +50 °C
Connectors
7-16 female
Material
Aluminium (outer conductor)
Brass, silver-plated (inner conductor)
Colour
RAL 7032 (grey)
Weight
45 kg
Dimensions (l x w x h)
610 mm x 400 mm x 550 mm
Packing size (l x w x h)
800 mm x 600 mm x 1100 mm
Attenuation/dB
0
20
40
60
80
100
–5.0 –4.0 –3.0 –2.0 –1.0 +1.0 +2.0 +3.0 +4.0 +5.0
f 0 /MHz
Frequency/MHz
(1 Insertion loss value apply to standard tuning with pass-band width
of 1.54 kHz.
14

Band-pass Filter
210 ... 230 MHz, DAB, 2 kW
The band-pass filter can be used
– as output filter of DAB-transmitters
– for appliances where high Q is requested to achiveve
low insertion loss in addtion with high selectivity close
to the pass-band
– to achieve filter-mask criteria conform to standard
ETS-300401 – critical mask
– as a component in the construction of DAB-combiners
Design and Construction
The band-pass filter is made of eight inductively coupled
resonators. The operating frequency, the coupling
between the resonators and also the input and output
couplings are adjustable.
The band-pass filter is convection-cooled, no ventilators
are required.
The band-pass filter must be tuned to the operating
channel. Tuning may be done at our factory or can be
carried out on site.
The band-pass filter can be mounted in an 19″ rack.
Clear tuning instructions and also any special tools
necessary are part of the delivery extent.
792 955 DAB Band-pass filter, 2 kW
Also availble is a version with 1 5/8″ EIA-flanges.
Max power handling then 3 kW.
Technical Data
Type No. 792 955
Frequency range
Insertion loss (1
Selectivity
VSWR
Impedance
Input power
Temperature range
Connectors
Material
Colour
Weight
Dimensions (l x w x h)
Packing size (l x w x h)
210 ... 230 MHz
< 0.8 dB (at f 0 typ. 0.6 dB)
< 1.5 dB (at edge frequencies)
> 20 dB (at f 0 ± 0.968 MHz)
> 55 dB (at f 0 ± 1.768 MHz)
> 60 dB (at f 0 ± 5 MHz)
< 1.2 (at pass band)
50 Ω
max. 2 kW
–20° C ... +50° C
7-16 female
Aluminium (outer conductor)
Brass, sliver plated (inner conductor)
RAL 7032 (grey)
150 kg
1.140 mm x 570 mm x 500 mm
1.400 mm x 800 mm x 800 mm
Attenuation/dB
0
20
40
60
80
100
–5.0 –4.0 –3.0 –2.0 –1.0 +1.0 +2.0 +3.0 +4.0 +5.0
f 0 /MHz
Frequency/MHz
(1 Insertion loss value apply to standard tuning with pass-band width
of 1.54 kHz.
15

Stretchline Combiner
174 ... 230 MHz, 200 W
General
Stretchline combiners enable several transmitters to be
connected to one common output.
The stretchline combiner offers a low cost solution with
compact design. The configuration is ideal if the
frequency spacing is not too close.
Design and Construction
This stretchline combiner consists of two 3-dB couplers,
a commutating line and a balancing load.
The inputs are narrowband (NB) in accordance with the
frequency response of the commutating line.
The principle of operation refers to the length of the
commutating line. The electrical characteristics of the
3-dB couplers make the functioning possible. Isolation
between the inputs is determined by the 3-dB couplers.
The stretchline combiner may be extended by adding
further directional filter combiners.
The length of the commutating line has to be calculated
with refer to the operating channels.
714 624 VHF Stretchline combiner, 2x 200 W
Channel 1
Channel 2
Attenuation/dB
0
1
f 1 f 2
Output
3
Load
10
20
30
CH 1
Input 1
CH 2
Input 2
174
181
188
195
202
209
216
223
230
Frequency/MHz
Technical Data
Type No. Inputs Insertion Power Weigth Dimensions Packing size
loss (1 (per input) [mm] [mm]
714 624 2 < 0.5 dB 200 W 3.5 kg 450 x 350 x 90 540 x 460 x 180
792 302 3 < 0.6 dB 200 W 4.0 kg 450 x 350 x 200 540 x 460 x 320
Frequency range
174 ... 230 MHz
Channel spacing
> 3 channels (2 CH between)
Isolation
> 30 dB
VSWR
< 1.06 (at pass band)
Impedance
50 Ω
Temperature range –20 °C ... +50 °C
Connectors
7-16 female
Colour
RAL 7032 (grey)
(1 Insertion loss and isolation values refer to the minimum channel spacing.
Given is the typical value. Insertion loss is depending on channel combination.
16

Stretchline Combiner
174 ... 230 MHz, 2 kW
General
Stretchline combiners enable several transmitters to
be connected to one common output.
The stretchline combiner offers a low cost solution
with compact design. The configuration is ideal if the
frequency spacing is not too close.
Design and Construction
This stretchline combiner consists of two 3-dB couplers,
a commutating line and a balancing load.
The inputs are narrowband (NB) in accordance with the
frequency response of the commutating line.
The principle of operation refers to the length of the
commutating line. The electrical characteristics of the
3-dB couplers make the functioning possible. Isolation
between the inputs is determined by the 3-dB couplers.
The stretchline combiner may be extended by adding
further directional filter combiners.
The length of the commutating line has to be calculated
with refer to the operating channels.
792 462 VHF Stretchline combiner, 2x 2 kW
Channel 1
Channel 2
f 1 f 2
Attenuation/dB
0
1
3
Technical Data
10
Type No. / Order No. 792 714 462 624
20
Frequency range
174 ... 230 MHz
Inputs 2
Channel spacing
> 3 channels (2 CH between)
Insertion loss (1
< 0.4 dB
Isolation
> 30 dB
VSWR
< 1.06 (at pass band)
Impedance
50 Ω
Input power
2 kW (per input)
Temperature range –20 °C ... +50 °C
Connectors
7/8″ EIA-flange
Colour
RAL 7032 (grey)
Weight
85 kg
Dimensions (l x w x h)
1500 mm x 800 mm x 200 mm
Packing size (l x w x h)
1800 mm x 1000 mm x 500 mm
(1 Insertion loss and isolation values refer to the minimum channel spacing.
Given is the typical value. Insertion loss is depending on channel combination.
30
174
181
188
Load
195
Output
CH 1
Input 1
202
209
CH 2
Input 2
216
223
Frequency/MHz
230
17

Stretchline Combiner
470 ... 860 MHz, 100 W
General
Stretchline combiners enable several transmitters to be
connected to one common output.
The stretchline combiner offer a low cost solution with
compact design. The configuration is ideal if the
frequency spacing is not too close.
Design and Construction
This stretchline combiner consists of two 3-dB couplers,
a commutating line and a balancing load.
The inputs are narrowband (NB) in accordance with the
frequency response of the commutating line.
The principle of operation refers to the length of the
commutating line. The electrical characteristics of the
3-dB couplers make the functioning possible. Isolation
between the inputs is determined by the 3-dB couplers.
The stretchline combiner may be extended by adding
further directional filter combiners.
The length of the commutating line has to be calculated
with refer to the operating channels.
723 185 UHF Stretchline combiner, 2x 100 W
f 1 f 2
Output
Attenuation/dB
0
1
3
Load
10
20
30
470 500
550
600
650
700 750 800
Frequency/MHz
850
CH 1
Input 1
CH 2
Input 2
Technical Data
Type No. Inputs Insertion Power Weigth Dimensions Packing size
loss (1 (per input) [mm] [mm]
723 185 2 < 0.5 dB 100 W 3 kg 700 x 400 x 50 900 x 600 x 100
723 186 3 < 0.6 dB 100 W 5.5 kg 700 x 400 x 90 900 x 600 x 150
Frequency range
470 ... 860 MHz
Channel spacing
> 3 channels (2 CH between)
Isolation
> 30 dB
VSWR
< 1.1 (at pass band)
Impedance
50 Ω
Temperature range –20 °C ... +50 °C
Connectors
7-16 female
Colour
RAL 7032 (grey)
(1 Insertion loss and isolation values refer to the minimum channel spacing.
Given is the typical value. Insertion loss is depending on channel combination.
18

Stretchline Combiner
470 ... 860 MHz, 1 kW
General
Stretchline combiners enable several transmitters to be
connected to one common output.
The stretchline combiner offer a low cost solution with
compact design. The configuration is ideal if the
frequency spacing is not too close.
Design and Construction
This stretchline combiner consists of two 3-dB couplers,
a commutating line and a balancing load.
The inputs are narrowband (NB) in accordance with the
frequency response of the commutating line.
The principle of operation refers to the length of the
commutating line. The electrical characteristics of the
3-dB couplers make the functioning possible. Isolation
between the inputs is determined by the 3-dB couplers.
The stretchline combiner may be extended by adding
further directional filter combiners.
The length of the commutating line has to be calculated
with refer to the operating channels.
724 602 UHF Stretchline combiner, 3x 1 kW
f 1 f 2
Output
Attenuation/dB
0
1
3
Load
10
20
30
470 500
550
600
650
700 750 800
Frequency/MHz
850
CH 1
Input 1
CH 2
Input 2
Technical Data
Type No. Inputs Insertion Power Weigth Dimensions Packing size
loss (1 (per input) [mm] [mm]
725 955 2 < 0.5 dB 1 kW 9 kg 1000 x 800 x 210 1200 x 1000 x 400
724 602 3 < 0.6 dB 1 kW 14 kg 1300 x 950 x 330 1500 x 1100 x 500
Frequency range
470 ... 860 MHz
Channel spacing
> 3 channels (2 CH between)
Isolation
> 30 dB
VSWR
< 1.1 (at pass band)
Impedance
50 Ω
Temperature range –20 °C ... +50 °C
Connectors
7/8″ EIA-flange
Colour
RAL 7032 (grey)
(1 Insertion loss and isolation values refer to the minimum channel spacing.
Given is the typical value. Insertion loss is depending on channel combination.
19

Load
50 Ω, 0.5 W – 100 W
50-Ω loads are suited as absorbers for small and medium
power.
They are used:
– as termination for transmitters or amplifiers used for testing,
measuring or tuning,
– as termination for circulators, directional couplers, hybrid ring
junctions and decoupled power splitters.
Special features of the loads are:
– very low VSWR within a wide frequency range,
– high stability and RF shielding due to the closed aluminium
construction,
– arbitrary installation position because of convectional cooling,
– 50 W and 100 W models can be installed on front or rear
panels of electrical equipment for heat dissipation.
0.5 Watt * )
Type No. K 62 26 61 1 (602 362)
K 62 26 61 1
Connector
N male
Frequency range
0 – 2500 MHz
VSWR 0 – 1000 MHz < 1.08
VSWR1000 – 2000 MHz < 1.15
VSWR2000 – 2500 MHz < 1.20
1.5 Watt * )
Application
Indoor
Weight
40 g
Packing size
90 mm x 60 mm x 25 mm
Dimensions
33 mm / 21 mm diameter
Type No. 784 10367
Connector
7-16 male
Frequency range
0 – 4000 MHz
VSWR 0 – 2000 MHz < 1.10
VSWR2000 – 4000 MHz < 1.30
IP rating
IP65
Application
Outdoor
Weight
120 g
Packing size
50 mm x 90 mm x 100 mm
Dimensions
40 mm / 32 mm diameter
784 10367
K 62 26 11 1
Type No. K 62 26 11 1 (601 559)
Connector
N male
Frequency range
0 – 2500 MHz
VSWR 0 – 1000 MHz < 1.08
VSWR1000 – 2000 MHz < 1.15
VSWR2000 – 2500 MHz < 1.20
Application
Indoor
2 Watt * )
Weight
40 g
Packing size
90 mm x 60 mm x 25 mm
Dimensions
30 mm / 21 mm diameter
20

Load
50 Ω, 0.5 W – 100 W
K 62 26 40 1
Type No. K 62 26 40 1 K 62 26 41 1
(601 710) (601 711)
Connector N female N male
Frequency range
0 – 2500 MHz
VSWR 0 – 1000 MHz < 1.08
V 1000 – 2000 MHz < 1.15
VSWR2000 – 2200 MHz < 1.20
VSWR2200 – 2500 MHz < 1.25
Application
Indoor
Weight
Approx. 250 g
Packing size
50 mm x 90 mm x 100 mm
10 Watt * )
Dimensions (w x h x d) 40 x 82 x 77 40 x 82 x 85
by mm (incl. connector) (incl. connector)
Type No. K 62 26 20 1 K 62 26 21 1 K 62 26 20 7 K 62 26 21 7
(601 567) (601 562) (601 563) (601 564)
Connector N female N male 7-16 female 7-16 male
Frequency range
0 – 2500 MHz
VSWR 0 – 1000 MHz < 1.08
VSWR1000 – 2000 MHz < 1.15
VSWR2000 – 2500 MHz < 1.20
Application
Indoor
Weight
Approx. 500 g
Packing size
50 mm x 100 mm x 135 mm
Dimensions by mm (w x h x d) 35 x 94 x 113 35 x 94 x 121 35 x 94 x 125 35 x 94 x 124
(incl. connector) (incl. connector) (incl. connector) (incl. connector)
K 62 26 20 1
K 62 26 30 1
50 Watt * )
Type No. K 62 26 30 1 K 62 26 31 1 K 62 26 30 7 K 62 26 31 7
(601 565) (601 566) (601 567) (601 568)
Connector N female N male 7-16 female 7-16 male
Frequency range
0 – 2500 MHz
VSWR 0 – 1000 MHz < 1.08
VSWR1000 – 2000 MHz < 1.15
VSWR2000 – 2500 MHz < 1.20
Application
Indoor
Weight
Approx. 800 g
25 Watt * )
Packing size
80 mm x 95 mm x 145 mm
Dimensions by mm (w x h x d) 67 x 90 x 130 67 x 90 x 138 67 x 90 x 134 67 x 90 x 133
(incl. connector) (incl. connector) (incl. connector) (incl. connector)
100 Watt * )
Type No. K 62 26 50 1 K 62 26 51 1 K 62 26 50 7
(601 718) (601 719) (602 252)
Connector N female N male 7-16 female
Frequency range
0 – 1000 MHz
VSWR 0 – 1000 MHz < 1.08
Application
Indoor
Weight
Approx. 2.4 kg
Packing size
130 mm x 195 mm x 180 mm
Dimensions by mm (w x h x d) 114 x 153 x 156 114 x 161 x 156 114 x 170 x 156
(including connector) (including connector) (including connector)
K 62 26 50 1
* ) Rated power at 40 °C ambient temperature. The max. power rating
increases or decreases with falling or rising ambient temperature.
21

Customized Design
VHF Multiplexer combiner
with 2 inputs, 10 kW each
FM Starpoint combiner
with 6 inputs, 5 kW each
22

Customized Design
FM Directional Filter Combiner
2 x 5 kW
for Multipattern application
UHF High power
Stretchline Combiner
with 2 inputs, 10 kW each
23

Technical Annex
Introduction
Filters and combiners are essential components of many
broadcasting antenna systems. They are used for selecting
frequencies, suppressing disturbing emissions and noise
sidebands. Several channels can be combined into one
common antenna by using combiners. In certain cases,
separate antenna diagrams for individual channels can also be
generated.
0
a 2
a 1
f 1
b
3 dB
a
Selection of parameters
According to their use as elements of a system, filters are
constructed as two-port networks and are matched to the
impedance of the other system elements (e.g. transmitter,
receiver, antenna or connecting cables) at both the input and
the output.
∆ f
Diagram 1: Frequency response of a filter tuned to
frequency f 1 with insertion loss a 1, stop band attenuation a 2
at the frequency of f 1 – ∆ f and with bandwidth b at 3 dB.
f
P 1
P 2
Transmitter
P r
Filter Antenna
Source 2-port Load
0 dB
f 1
P 2 = P 1 - P r - P v
P 1 = Input power
P r = Reflected power
P v = Power loss through filter
P 2 = Power transmitted
a
Fig. 1: Filter as element of a system.
Frequency response
The attenuation usually depends on the frequency used. This
relationship is illustrated in diagram 1, showing a typical
attenuation curve for a filter.
A plot of the attenuation vs frequency shows the typical filter
curve. The attenuation a (1.1) is the logarithmic ratio between
input power and transmitted power.
d
Diagram 2: Return loss of a 2-cavity band-pass filter, tuned
to the frequency f 1 and with pass-band bandwidth d.
f
Matching
As a measurement of how a filter is matched the return loss,
which is the logarithmic relationship between the input and
reflected power a r (1.2), is displayed in diagram 2.
The return loss a r , reflection coefficient r and VSWR factor s
(1.3 and 1.4) are all related according to the formulas.
24

Technical Annex
Filters
Where used in broadcasting systems, filters are normally set
up as a combination of several λ/4 resonators. The Q factor of
the resonators is very important with regard to the electrical
data and is influenced by the shape and volume of the filter as
well as by the conductivity of the material used.
The selectivity of the filters used for combiners has a decisive
influence on the minimum spacing required between the
transmitters to be connected onto one common antenna. If
the frequency spacing is narrow then the filters must similarly
be tuned in a very narrow way. But this will cause an increase
in the insertion loss resulting in the filters becoming hot
(diagram 3). This problem can be avoided if filters of greater
volume are used which have a relatively lower insertion loss.
0 dB
a
f 0
f
Directional couplers
A directional coupler is a reciprocal four-port construction,
whereby two of the ports are isolated from each other.
For example, the power fed in at port 1 is split up to ports 2
and 3, whereas port 4 is isolated. The power fed into the other
ports is similarly split.
If the coupling range of a transmission-line coupler is λ/4 at
the center frequency f m then the coupling attenuation over a
frequency range of f 1 / f 2 = 2 is almost independent of the
frequency (fig. 3).
For example, with a 3-dB directional coupler there is a
divergence of ± 0.4 dB and phase difference of 90° occurs
between the signals at ports 2 and 3, which is also almost
independent of the frequency (fig. 2).
If every port is terminated with a reflection-free load, then the
formulas for coupling attenuation and directivity apply.
Diagram 3: Examples of two different tuning possibilities
for a band-pass filter. Narrower tuning will result in higher
insertion loss and steeper slopes.
P 1
1
2
P 2
,ϕ = 0°
Fig. 2: Directional coupler.
P 3
,ϕ = -90°
P 4
3
4
Coupling attenuation
2.5 dB
a k
= 10 log
P 1
P 2
3 dB
3.5 dB
Directivity
a d
= 10 log
P 2
P 4
2/3 f f m m
4/3 f m
Fig. 3: Coupling attenuation for 3-dB transmission-line
coupler of λ/4 length.
25

Technical Annex
Combiners
Combiners are a combination of frequency-selecting components
(e.g. filters, stretchlines) with nodes and connecting elements
(e.g. directional couplers, starpoints).
In high quality combiners bandpass filters are used in preference to
stop band filters.
Starpoint combiners
Starpoint combiners for n channels consist of n band-pass filters with
outputs that are connected to a common starpoint.
The individual band-pass filters are tuned to the respective
frequencies. Since the band-pass filters are mismatched outside
their pass-bands (with inductive coupling the impedance approaches
a short-circuit) the impedance can be transformed up to very high
levels by selecting the appropriate length for the link between the
filters and the starpoint.
This means that for every input the transformed impedances of all
the other inputs are very high at the starpoint which produces a very
low parallel load at the antenna output.
CH 1
Input 1
CH 2
Input 2
Output
Starpoint
CH 3
Input 3
Fig. 4: Starpoint combiner for 4 channels
CH 4
Input 4
Directional filter combiner
Directional filter combiners are a combination of filters and
3-dB couplers. One module consists of two band-pass filters, two
3-dB couplers and a balancing load.
One input is narrowband, corresponding to the band-pass curve of
the band-pass filter. The other input is broadband, corresponding to
the operating range of the 3-dB coupler.
Compared to other types of combiners that can be produced at less
expense, directional filters offer a number of useful advantages:
– Simple set-up of multiple combiners through cascading of modules
– Very high isolation between the inputs
– Broadband matching at all inputs
– Easy extension of existing combiners by adding new modules.
Function of module
The signal fed into the narrowband input is split into two halves by
the 3-dB coupler. Both of these pass through one of the band-pass
filters to the second 3-dB coupler where they are then added in
equal phase at its output due to the 3-dB couplers function.
At the broadband input the two partial signals are anti-phase and
therefore practically no signal appears at this port. The broadband
input is isolated from the narrowband input by the directional coupler.
However the isolation depends on the band-pass filters being
identically tuned.
CH 1
Narrowband input
(NB)
Load
Output
Fig. 5: Directional filter combiner
Load
CH 2
Broadband input
(BB)
The frequency of a signal fed into the broadband input lies within the
stop band of the band-pass filters. The signal is split into two halves
by the 3-dB coupler and reflected completely by the band-pass filters
and proceeds to the output after co-phase addition. The narrowband
input is isolated from the broadband input by the directional coupler,
as described above, but there is additional isolation due to the stop
band attenuation of the band-pass filters.
CH 1
Narrowband input
(NB)
Fig. 6: Functioning of module
CH 2
Broadband input
(BB)
26

Technical Annex
Cascading of modules
Multiple combiners are easly set up by using several modules
with the output of each module feeding the broadband input of
the next module.
The number of channels possible in a given frequency band is
limited only by the minimum spacing between the signals.
However limitation can also arise because the insertion loss for
each additional module increases by 0.05 up to 0.2 dB and can
assume intolerable values.
The power rating of the 3-dB coupler at the output also can
limit the number of channels in practice.
CH 1
Narrowband Input
(NB1)
Load
Output
CH 2
Narrowband Input
(NB2)
Load
CH 3
Broadband Input
(BB)
Fig. 7: Directional filter combiner with 2 modules
Multiplexer
Multiplexers consist of one or more directional filter modules
and a starpoint combiner. The output of the starpoint combiner
is connected to the broadband input of the directional fiter
combiner.
It is advantageous to feed the channels with the largest
possible frequency spacing into the starpoint combiner since
this produces the optimal isolation.
The isolation between the narrowband input to the starpoint
combiners’ inputs is determined by the directional couplers and
additionally by the stop-band attenuation of the band-pass
filters.
CH 1
Narrowband input
(NB1)
Load
Output
CH 2
Narrowband input
(NB2)
Fig. 8: Multiplexer for three channels
Starpoint
CH 3
Narrowband input
(NB3)
Stretchline combiner
Stretchline combiners consist of two 3-dB couplers, a stretchline
(communtating line) and a balancing load.
Decoupling of the inputs is achieved through the directional
coupler. The combiner can not be tuned but it may be
reconfigured for other channels simply by changing the stretchline.
Signals fed in at the 3-dB coupler are each split into half. One
half signal is then routed through the stretchline. The length of
the stretchline must be chosen in such a way, that the partial
power flows will add up at the output and no power flows into
the load. These conditions are fulfilled if the stretchline has a
length of nλ 2 for f 2 and (n+1/2)λ 1 for f 1 .
Load
Output
CH 1
Input 1
CH 2
Input 2
Fig. 9: Stretchline combiner for two channels
27

Technical Annex
Comparison
Starpoint combiners / Directional filter combiners /
Multiplexers / Stretchline combiners
Combiner Starpoint Directional Multiplexer Stretchline
Type combiner filter combiner combiner
Set-up Band-pass filters Band-pass filters Directional filter - 3-dB couplers
+ starpoint + 3-dB coupler + starpoint combiner + stretchline
Spacing
FM: 30 W – 1 kW 2.5 MHz 2 MHz 2 MHz
FM: 3 kW – 20 kW 1.5 MHz – 2 MHz 0.8 MHz – 1 MHz 1 MHz
VHF: 100 W – 2 kW –– 3 channels 3 channels 3 channels
UHF: 200 W – 3 kW 3 channels 3 channels 3 channels 3 channels
Matching All inputs matched All inputs Starpoint inputs: All inputs
(VSWR) in pass-band range; broadband matched pass-band matched; broadband matched
Directional filter inputs:
broadband matched;
Frequency All inputs are narrow- Narrowband input: All inputs are narrowband All inputs are narrowresponse
band according to according to frequency according to frequency band, depending on
frequency response response of the response of the channel combination
of the band-pass filters band-pass filters band-pass filters
Broadband input:
not selective
Isolation According to NB – BB: Between starpoint inputs: Attenuation through
stop-band attenuation attenuation through like starpoint combiner; 3-dB couplers
of the band-pass filters 3-dB coupler Directional filter inputs:
BB – NB / NB – NB: attenuation through 3-dB
Attenuation through coupler + stop band
3-dB coupler +
attenuation of
stop-band attenuation band-pass filters
of band-pass filters
Extensions With additional Very simply by adding Simple by adding new
band-pass filter; up a directional filter directional filter module
new starpoint cabling module; no altering of between starpoint and
necessary existing cabling directional filter; altering
of existing cabling
necessary
Costs Economical solution Sophisticated solution Costs between starpoint and Ecomomical solution
for wide frequency with several technical directional filter combiner; for wide frequency
spacing advantages smaller frequency spacing spacing; usage in
possible than with starpoint VHF and UHF-band
28

Technical Annex
VSWR, Return Loss
Reflected Power, Reflection Coefficient
VSWR Return loss Reflected Reflected
in dB power in % coefficient
Locate the known value on the appropriate scale, then read across horizontally to find the equivalent values
as shown in the examples above.
29

Notice
30

Notice
31

9981.0560/0207/3/ZW/PF Subject to alteration.
Internet: http://www.kathrein.de
E-mail: broadcast@kathrein.de
KATHREIN-Werke KG . Phone +49 80 31 184-0 . Fax +49 80 31 184-495
Anton-Kathrein-Straße 1 – 3 . P.O. Box 10 04 44 . D-83004 Rosenheim . Germany