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Sample results of<br />

analyses<br />

Maximum forces along<br />

pipeline during<br />

earthquake<br />

Maximum axial force (kN)<br />

2 500<br />

2 000<br />

1 500<br />

1 000<br />

500<br />

0<br />

-500 0 500 1 000 1 500 2 000 2 500<br />

Distance along pipeline (m)<br />

Maximum bending<br />

moment along pipeline<br />

during earthquake<br />

Max. bending moment (kNm)<br />

80<br />

70<br />

60<br />

50<br />

40<br />

30<br />

20<br />

10<br />

0<br />

-500 0 500 1 000 1 500 2 000 2 500<br />

Distance along pipeline (m)<br />

Work by Amir Kaynia

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