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<strong>We</strong> <strong>are</strong><br />
<strong>MAN</strong>.<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> Factbook 2012<br />
May 2012<br />
Engineering the Future – since 1758.<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> SE
<strong>MAN</strong> Group 2<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> at a Glance<br />
€ million<br />
Q1<br />
2012<br />
Total<br />
2011<br />
Order intake 4,368 17,145 4,208 4,096 4,411 4,430 15,072<br />
Revenue 3,845 16,472 4,472 4,034 4,242 3,724 14,675<br />
Order backlog 1 7,105 6,640 6,640 7,477 7,642 7,551 7,025<br />
Headcount 1, 2 54,802 52,542 52,542 53,284 52,255 50,215 47,669<br />
Q4<br />
2011<br />
Q3<br />
2011<br />
Q2<br />
2011<br />
Q1<br />
2011<br />
Total<br />
2010<br />
Operating profit 253 1,483 400 321 437 325 1,035<br />
Earnings per sh<strong>are</strong> from continuing operations in € 0.86 4.62 -2.29 1.13 1.95 3.83 5.30<br />
Earnings/loss before interest and taxes (EBIT) 225 1,256 -237 293 412 788 1,283<br />
ROS (%) 6.6 9.0 8.9 8.0 10.3 8.7 7.1<br />
ROCE (%) 16.0 24.4 27.8 20.9 27.7 21.4 17.4<br />
Cash earnings 222 1,094 74 279 469 272 815<br />
Net cash provided by operating activities -105 518 361 13 125 19 1,427<br />
Net cash used in investing activities -654 -637 -259 -141 -171 -66 -374<br />
Free cash flow -759 -119 102 -128 -46 -47 1,053<br />
Net financial debt 1 -3,016 -2,212 -2,212 -2,324 -2,164 -1,833 -1,778<br />
Total equity 1 6,128 5,590 5,590 5,700 6,341 6,317 5,990<br />
1 As of the reporting date.<br />
2<br />
Including subcontracted employees.
<strong>MAN</strong> Group 3<br />
9<br />
Group Order<br />
Situation<br />
18<br />
BRIC Strategy<br />
01/ <strong>MAN</strong> Group<br />
2 <strong>MAN</strong> at a Glance<br />
4 About <strong>MAN</strong><br />
6 Management Board<br />
7 Corporate Strategy<br />
9 Key Figures<br />
11 Corporate Responsibility<br />
13 Leadership Culture<br />
02/ Business Areas<br />
14 Commercial Vehicles<br />
24 <strong>MAN</strong> Truck & Bus<br />
36 <strong>MAN</strong> Latin America<br />
48 Power Engineering<br />
50 <strong>MAN</strong> Diesel & Turbo<br />
68 Renk<br />
03/ <strong>MAN</strong> Financial Information<br />
77 Basic Sh<strong>are</strong> Information<br />
78 Sh<strong>are</strong>holder Structure and Dividend Policy<br />
79 <strong>MAN</strong> as an Investment<br />
80 Ratings and Bonds<br />
81 Group Funding<br />
82 Financial Management<br />
84 Financial Control Measures<br />
21 - 23<br />
Commercial<br />
Vehicles: Market<br />
Potential<br />
55 - 56<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> Diesel &<br />
Turbo: Products<br />
and Services<br />
79<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> as an<br />
Investment<br />
04/ Investor Relations<br />
85 Financial Calendar<br />
86 Investor Relations Contacts
<strong>MAN</strong> Group 4<br />
About <strong>MAN</strong><br />
Engineering the Future<br />
Headquartered in<br />
Munich<br />
254-year history<br />
Focus on transportation<br />
and<br />
energy<br />
Around 52,500<br />
employees in 150<br />
countries<br />
The <strong>MAN</strong> Group is one of Europe’s leading industrial players<br />
in transport-related engineering, with revenue of approximately<br />
€16.5 billion in 2011. As a supplier of trucks,<br />
buses, diesel engines, turbomachinery, and special gear<br />
units, <strong>MAN</strong> employs approximately 52,500 people worldwide.<br />
Its divisions hold leading positions in their respective<br />
markets.<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> SE, Munich, is listed in the Dax equity index, which<br />
comprises Germany’s thirty leading stock corporations.<br />
Leading positions<br />
in all our markets<br />
Represented on<br />
all five continents
<strong>MAN</strong> Group 5<br />
About <strong>MAN</strong><br />
<strong>MAN</strong> has moved. For more than 250 years<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> SE<br />
Business<br />
Areas<br />
Divisions<br />
Commercial Vehicles (CV)<br />
<strong>MAN</strong><br />
Truck & Bus<br />
Revenue 2011:<br />
€9.0 bn<br />
<strong>MAN</strong><br />
Latin America<br />
Revenue 2011:<br />
€3.6 bn<br />
<strong>MAN</strong><br />
Diesel & Turbo<br />
Revenue 2011:<br />
€3.6 bn<br />
Power Engineering (PE)<br />
Renk<br />
(76%)<br />
Revenue 2011:<br />
€0.4 bn<br />
Investments<br />
Sinotruk 25% + 1 sh<strong>are</strong>, Scania 17.4% voting rights<br />
1758 1787<br />
Foundation of<br />
the St. Antony<br />
Ironworks,<br />
predecessor<br />
of the<br />
"Gutehoffnungshütte"<br />
(GHH)/<strong>MAN</strong><br />
GHH<br />
becomes<br />
Germany’s<br />
first railroad<br />
track manufacturer<br />
1888<br />
First German<br />
triple-expansion<br />
steam<br />
engine<br />
1897<br />
World’s first<br />
diesel engine<br />
1903<br />
First fastrunning<br />
fourstroke<br />
diesel<br />
ship engine<br />
and world's<br />
first steam<br />
turbine and<br />
first largebore<br />
diesel<br />
engine power<br />
plant<br />
1923<br />
First diesel<br />
vehicle engine<br />
with direct<br />
fuel injection<br />
1971<br />
Participation<br />
in launch<br />
of vehicle<br />
astronautics<br />
project<br />
2000<br />
Trucknology®<br />
Generation<br />
truck series<br />
and use<br />
of first<br />
large-bore<br />
electronically<br />
controlled<br />
diesel engine<br />
2001<br />
First hybriddrive<br />
city bus<br />
2006<br />
Development<br />
and construction<br />
of world's<br />
largest screw<br />
compressor<br />
2011 2012<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> TGX<br />
18.400<br />
named<br />
“Green Truck<br />
2011”<br />
IAA Commercial<br />
Vehicles<br />
Show in September<br />
2012:<br />
Euro VI truck<br />
engines will<br />
be unveiled
<strong>MAN</strong> Group 6<br />
Management Board<br />
Frank H. Lutz<br />
Chief Financial<br />
Officer of <strong>MAN</strong> SE<br />
Antonio R. Cortes<br />
President of<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> Latin America<br />
Dr. René Umlauft<br />
Chief Executive Officer of<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> Diesel & Turbo SE<br />
Dr.- Ing. Georg Pachta-Reyhofen<br />
Chief Executive Officer of <strong>MAN</strong> SE<br />
and of <strong>MAN</strong> Truck & Bus AG<br />
Jörg Schwitalla<br />
Chief Human<br />
Resources Officer of <strong>MAN</strong> SE
<strong>MAN</strong> Group 7<br />
Corporate Strategy<br />
Leveraging global opportunities<br />
Our Vision<br />
The best people, customer orientation, as well as superior technology and services will make us number one in<br />
commercial vehicles and power engineering.<br />
Our corporate strategy aims to create sustainable value.<br />
Focus on transportation and energy<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> focuses on market segments with sustainable global growth opportunities in the fields<br />
of commercial vehicles and power engineering.<br />
Profitable international growth<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> operates on all five continents and relies on a comprehensive internationalization<br />
strategy as the prerequisite for sustainable, profitable growth.<br />
Customer orientation<br />
The <strong>MAN</strong> Group places its customers’ requirements and expectations at the center of its<br />
corporate strategy. Our products and the services that accompany them throughout their<br />
entire life cycle <strong>are</strong> nothing less than high quality.<br />
Focus on after-sales business<br />
Service and after-sales concepts tailored to customers’ requirements <strong>are</strong> an essential<br />
element in the <strong>MAN</strong> strategy.<br />
Technology leadership<br />
Technology leadership is a strategic success factor for <strong>MAN</strong>. <strong>We</strong> recognize future<br />
requirements early on and competently transform these into new, pioneering solutions.
<strong>MAN</strong> Group 8<br />
Strategic Objective<br />
Technology leadership<br />
€ million<br />
2011 2010<br />
R&D expenditures 740 626<br />
R&D expenditures of the manufacturing <strong>are</strong>as<br />
(% of revenue)<br />
4.5 4.3<br />
Internally funded R&D 565 469<br />
R&D employees (annual average) 4,443 3,944<br />
R&D expenditures<br />
€ million € million<br />
800<br />
700<br />
600<br />
500<br />
400<br />
433<br />
493 504<br />
626<br />
740<br />
R&D expenditures by business<br />
<strong>are</strong>a (2011)*<br />
800<br />
700<br />
600<br />
500<br />
400<br />
403<br />
345<br />
740<br />
Innovation is one key to remaining<br />
competitive over the long term. This is<br />
why <strong>MAN</strong> invests over 4% of its annual<br />
revenue in R&D.<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> has been writing innovation history for more than<br />
250 years. The <strong>MAN</strong> Group invests in its future, keeping<br />
expenditure for developing innovative products of high<br />
customer value and for improving production at a consistently<br />
high level. Our ability to constantly pioneer and<br />
evolve has made us a front-runner in the transportation<br />
and energy industry.<br />
300<br />
300<br />
200<br />
100<br />
0<br />
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011<br />
* <strong>MAN</strong> Group incl. Others/Consolidation.<br />
200<br />
100<br />
0<br />
Commercial<br />
Vehicles<br />
Power<br />
Engineering<br />
<strong>MAN</strong><br />
Group<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> is mainly focusing on:<br />
• Reducing emissions<br />
• Reducing consumption<br />
• Alternative drive concepts<br />
• Alternative fuels
<strong>MAN</strong> Group 9<br />
Key Figures<br />
Group order situation<br />
Order intake<br />
Order intake by business <strong>are</strong>a<br />
2011 order intake by region<br />
€ million<br />
€ million %<br />
20,000<br />
15,000<br />
17,818<br />
14,033<br />
15,072<br />
17,145<br />
20,000<br />
15,000<br />
4,148<br />
30<br />
25<br />
21<br />
26<br />
24<br />
4,000<br />
20<br />
9,860<br />
10,000<br />
10,000<br />
15<br />
13<br />
11,163<br />
13,093<br />
10<br />
11<br />
5,000<br />
5,000<br />
5<br />
4<br />
1<br />
0<br />
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011<br />
0<br />
2010 2011<br />
Commercial Vehicles Power Engineering<br />
0<br />
Germany<br />
Other EU<br />
countries<br />
Other European<br />
countries<br />
Asia<br />
Americas<br />
Africa<br />
Australia &<br />
Oceania
<strong>MAN</strong> Group 10<br />
Key Figures<br />
Group revenue situation<br />
Revenue<br />
Revenue by business <strong>are</strong>a<br />
2011 revenue by region<br />
€ million<br />
€ million %<br />
20,000<br />
20,000<br />
5,000<br />
15,000<br />
14,063 14,945 12,026<br />
14,675<br />
16,472<br />
15,000<br />
3,999<br />
4,000<br />
21<br />
25<br />
25<br />
4,169<br />
3,000<br />
10,000<br />
10,000<br />
13<br />
12,563<br />
2,000<br />
11<br />
5,000<br />
5,000<br />
10,586<br />
1,000<br />
4<br />
1<br />
0<br />
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011<br />
0<br />
2010 2011<br />
Commercial Vehicles Power Engineering<br />
0<br />
Germany<br />
Other EU<br />
countries<br />
Other European<br />
countries<br />
Asia<br />
Americas<br />
Africa<br />
Australia &<br />
Oceania
<strong>MAN</strong> Group 11<br />
Corporate Responsibility<br />
CR principles<br />
<strong>MAN</strong>’s CR strategy<br />
Corporate responsibility is part of the corporate and leadership culture<br />
at <strong>MAN</strong> and drives our vision. <strong>We</strong> <strong>are</strong> committed to sustainable value<br />
creation, which for us means long-term economic value combined with<br />
a strong sense of responsibility towards the environment and all of our<br />
stakeholders – whether they be employees, customers, investors, or society<br />
at large. As a result, our stakeholders will reward us with strong sales<br />
and lasting trust.<br />
Reliable, innovative, dynamic and open<br />
Our four corporate values <strong>are</strong> the pillars of our corporate<br />
responsibility activities. They guide our CR strategy and<br />
initiatives and shape our communications with all of our<br />
stakeholders.<br />
Employee aw<strong>are</strong>ness<br />
Our employees live up to the principles of corporate responsibility<br />
in their day-to-day work and act as CR ambassadors.<br />
Product responsibility<br />
Given the nature of our product and service portfolio we<br />
have a special responsibility towards the environment.<br />
Environmental c<strong>are</strong> and safety form integral parts of our<br />
CR strategy and programs.<br />
Stakeholder dialog<br />
Intensive dialog with all of our stakeholder groups ensures<br />
that we understand their expectations and enables the<br />
continuous development of our CR strategy and programs.
<strong>MAN</strong> Group 12<br />
Corporate Responsibility<br />
<strong>MAN</strong>’s climate strategy<br />
Acknowledge responsibility<br />
The transportation and energy sectors<br />
<strong>are</strong> contributing to climate change to<br />
an ever-greater extent.<br />
Commitment<br />
Our target: reduce our own CO 2<br />
emissions by 25% by 2020 (baseline:<br />
2008).<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> sustainability ratings<br />
Climate change is among the greatest challenges<br />
to humanity. <strong>MAN</strong> is fully aw<strong>are</strong> of<br />
and acknowledges its responsibility to contribute<br />
to reducing the global carbon footprint<br />
of the transportation and energy sector.<br />
Dilemma and approach<br />
The interaction between our own<br />
product development, our suppliers,<br />
legislation, and our customers and their<br />
customers is complex.<br />
Vision<br />
By 2020, our aim is to be recognized as<br />
one of the industry players to have dealt<br />
with the challenges of climate change<br />
the best.<br />
Rating agency Index Rating<br />
Dow Jones Sustainability 64 out of 100 points, not<br />
Sustainable Asset Management (SAM)<br />
Indexes<br />
listed<br />
Carbon Disclosure Leadership 73 out of 100 points, listed for<br />
Carbon Disclosure Project (CDP)<br />
Index (CDLI)<br />
the second time in a row<br />
oekom research - Prime C+<br />
Sustainalytics - 15 th out of 82<br />
Scan the QR code to<br />
learn more about <strong>MAN</strong>,<br />
corporate responsibility<br />
and find <strong>MAN</strong>’s latest<br />
CR Report:
<strong>MAN</strong> Group 13<br />
Leadership Culture<br />
Talent management<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> rated as top employer internationally:<br />
Headcount*<br />
An independent study conducted by the CRF Institute named<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> Truck & Bus “Top employer Germany” in 2011.<br />
For the second time in a row, <strong>MAN</strong> Latin America was honored<br />
as a Great Place to Work by the Great Place to Work Institute<br />
of Brazil in 2011.<br />
No.<br />
2011 2010<br />
Germany 30,187 27,354<br />
Other countries 22,355 20,315<br />
Other countries in % 43 43<br />
Total 52,542 47,669<br />
Employee commitment and performance is key to the<br />
success of a company – and the foundation for this is<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> Group’s corporate and leadership culture, which<br />
is clearly oriented towards <strong>MAN</strong>’s corporate values and<br />
vision.<br />
The “Personalities Wanted” employer branding campaign<br />
positions <strong>MAN</strong> as an attractive employer internationally<br />
in order to continue to recruit qualified employees in the<br />
future.<br />
<strong>MAN</strong>’s leadership culture focuses on four<br />
specific leadership qualities:<br />
competence, transp<strong>are</strong>ncy, commitment,<br />
and behavior.<br />
Scan the QR code to learn more about<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> as a top employer and interact<br />
with us on Facebook:<br />
* Including subcontracted employees as of December 31.
Staying in the<br />
black while going<br />
green?<br />
<strong>We</strong> <strong>are</strong> your <strong>MAN</strong>.<br />
Commercial Vehicles 14<br />
Commercial<br />
Vehicles<br />
Engineering the Future –<br />
since 1758.<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> Group
Commercial <strong>MAN</strong> Vehicles Group 15<br />
Commercial Vehicles<br />
Internationalization with focus on BRIC countries<br />
Multi-brand strategy<br />
Development of a global truck portfolio, including a new light range<br />
Bus product portfolio including a chassis for global use<br />
Focus on transportation efficiency, in particular on hybrid technology<br />
Cooperation with Volkswagen Group and Scania among other things<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> Truck & Bus (MTB)<br />
MTB is the largest <strong>MAN</strong> Group company and is<br />
a leading supplier of commercial vehicles and<br />
transportation solutions.<br />
• Trucks with a gross vehicle weight of 7.5 t to 44 t (GVW)<br />
• Heavy special-purpose vehicles with a gross<br />
train weight of up to 250 t<br />
• City and intercity buses, coaches, and bus<br />
chassis<br />
• Industrial, marine, and on- and off-road engines<br />
• End-to-end passenger transportation and goods<br />
transportation services<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> Latin America (ML)<br />
ML is the largest truck manufacturer in Latin America. It<br />
leads the truck market in Brazil and is a leading supplier of<br />
commercial vehicles and bus chassis for growth markets,<br />
with one of the most advanced production facilities<br />
worldwide for trucks and buses.<br />
• Trucks with a gross combined weight from 5 t to 74 t<br />
(GCW) for all uses<br />
• Bus chassis from 5 t to 26 t for all applications,<br />
including articulated
Commercial <strong>MAN</strong> Vehicles Group 16<br />
Production Sites<br />
Global reach<br />
Germany<br />
Munich<br />
Heavy trucks, cabs, and driven<br />
axles<br />
Salzgitter<br />
Heavy trucks, bus chassis, and<br />
components<br />
Nuremberg<br />
Engines<br />
Poland<br />
Cracow<br />
Heavy trucks<br />
Poznan<br />
City buses, and bus chassis<br />
Starachowice<br />
Body in white bus<br />
Russia<br />
St. Petersburg*<br />
Heavy trucks<br />
Turkey<br />
Ankara<br />
Coaches, and city buses<br />
Plauen<br />
Premium coaches, doubledecker<br />
buses, and coaches<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> Truck & Bus<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> Latin America<br />
Cooperation partners &<br />
joint ventures<br />
Mexico, Querétaro<br />
Trucks, and buses<br />
Austria<br />
Steyr<br />
Light /medium trucks,<br />
and cabs<br />
Vienna<br />
RMMV<br />
Special-purpose<br />
vehicles<br />
China, Jinan<br />
Sinotruk Ltd.<br />
Heavy trucks<br />
Headcount**<br />
No. 2011 2010<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> Truck & Bus 34,239 31,284<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> Latin America 1,915 1,736<br />
* Start of production (SOP) set for 2012.<br />
** Including subcontracted employees as of December 31.<br />
Brazil, Resende<br />
Heavy/medium/light trucks, and<br />
bus chassis<br />
South Africa<br />
Olifantsfontein<br />
Buses<br />
Pinetown<br />
Trucks, and bus chassis<br />
India, Pithampur<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> Trucks India Pvt. Ltd.<br />
Heavy trucks
Commercial <strong>MAN</strong> Vehicles Group 17<br />
Commercial Vehicles<br />
Cooperation<br />
vW Group<br />
Sinotruk (25% + 1 sh<strong>are</strong>)<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> Trucks India Pvt. Ltd.<br />
Capital: 71.1%<br />
Voting rights: 73.0%<br />
as of April 12, 2012<br />
• Cooperation with the VW Group will boost<br />
<strong>MAN</strong>’s growth trajectory and will further<br />
expand our position as one of the world’s<br />
leading transport-related engineering players<br />
• New opportunities: bundling of purchase<br />
volumes to generate synergies, quicker<br />
solutions by working together in research<br />
and development, sharing experience about<br />
successful growth in emerging economies<br />
and complementing the product range of<br />
each other<br />
Capital: 49.3%<br />
Voting rights: 71.8%<br />
Capital: 13.3%<br />
Voting rights: 17.4%<br />
• <strong>MAN</strong> has an interest of 25% + 1 sh<strong>are</strong><br />
in Sinotruk, which is part of the China<br />
National Heavy Duty Truck<br />
Group Co., Ltd. (CNHTC)<br />
• Sinotruk is one of the leading Chinese<br />
heavy truck manufacturers, providing<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> with a strong presence in China<br />
• Takeover of the joint venture in India<br />
• Before closing: 50%/50% joint<br />
venture <strong>MAN</strong> Force Truck Pvt. Ltd.<br />
• Since closing on March 28, 2012<br />
renaming into <strong>MAN</strong> Trucks India Pvt.<br />
Ltd. and now a subsidiary of<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> Truck & Bus<br />
• CLA series: heavy trucks upwards<br />
of 16 t
Commercial <strong>MAN</strong> Vehicles Group 18<br />
Commercial Vehicles<br />
BRIC strategy<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> has strategically expanded its international presence. This minimizes the risks associated with the economic<br />
fluctuation of individual markets and regions, for instance. Demand will remain high in emerging economies over<br />
the coming years, providing further growth impetus. <strong>MAN</strong>’s priority will continue to be driving forward the BRIC<br />
strategy.<br />
Brazil Russia/CIS India<br />
China<br />
• <strong>MAN</strong> TGX: sales started in<br />
Q1 2012<br />
• In 2012 localization of <strong>MAN</strong> D08<br />
engine in Brazil<br />
• <strong>MAN</strong> Latin America plans<br />
expansion of its facilities<br />
(investing approx. €400 million<br />
by 2016)<br />
• Strong position: 2011 MTB<br />
again market leader among<br />
European manufacturers<br />
• New production plant in<br />
St. Petersburg, with SOP set for<br />
2012<br />
• CKD assembly in Uzbekistan,<br />
with SOP in Q2 2012<br />
• Restructuring of business<br />
activities following <strong>MAN</strong>’s<br />
takeover of the joint venture<br />
• Investments in production in<br />
Pithampur (cab shell, paint<br />
shop, etc.) and sales (dealer<br />
and service network)<br />
• Production and sale of the<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> CLA in and outside of the<br />
Indian market to be driven<br />
• <strong>MAN</strong> is licensing its TGA<br />
truck technology to<br />
Sinotruk (incl. engines,<br />
vehicle chassis, and axles)<br />
• The partnership combines<br />
<strong>MAN</strong>’s progressive technology<br />
and expertise with Sinotruk’s<br />
existing production facilities,<br />
local knowledge, and extensive<br />
Chinese sales network<br />
solely by <strong>MAN</strong>
Commercial <strong>MAN</strong> Vehicles Group 19<br />
Commercial Vehicles<br />
Multi-brand strategy<br />
• Core market: Europe<br />
• <strong>MAN</strong>: premium segment<br />
• <strong>MAN</strong> CLA: upper low segment<br />
• <strong>MAN</strong> buses: city buses, chassis,<br />
coaches<br />
• Core market: Europe<br />
• Premium coach brand<br />
• Extensive modernization<br />
of NEOPLAN plant<br />
in Plauen, completion<br />
planned in 2013<br />
• Core market: Latin America<br />
• Premium/upper budget<br />
segment<br />
• Core market: China and<br />
later other Asian countries,<br />
Africa, the Middle East, and<br />
the CIS region<br />
• Budget segment
Commercial <strong>MAN</strong> Vehicles Group 20<br />
Challenges Facing Transportation<br />
Emission standards<br />
All new commercial vehicles registered in Europe from January 1, 2014, must comply with the Euro VI emission<br />
standard.<br />
Today Euro III is the prevalent emission norm from a global perspective. However, this will soon change with China<br />
switching to Euro IV in 2012.<br />
After 2015 only marginal volumes of trucks with Euro III or below will be marketed. The majority of trucks will then<br />
have Euro V or higher (given that China introduces Euro V in 2015).<br />
Overview of emission standards worldwide<br />
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018<br />
EU 27 Euro IV Euro V Euro VI 1<br />
The challenge facing the transportation industry is<br />
Brazil<br />
Euro III Euro V 2 Euro VI 3<br />
to reduce energy consumption per ton of goods<br />
Russia Euro II Euro III Euro IV 4<br />
transported and to develop drive systems that<br />
Euro V<br />
increasingly run on non-fossil and renewable fuels<br />
India Euro II Euro III 5 Euro IV 5<br />
in the future.<br />
China<br />
Euro II<br />
Euro III<br />
Euro IV<br />
Euro V 6<br />
= China II<br />
= China III<br />
= China IV<br />
1 New truck types: 2013.<br />
2 Euro IV should have started in January 2009, but it was not introduced.<br />
3 Estimated timeline.<br />
4 Only import of Euro IV vehicles except Euro III with vehicle type approval before Dec. 31, 2009.<br />
5 Delhi and 10 cities: 2009 = Euro III; 2010 = Euro IV; 2016 = Euro V.<br />
6 Schedule for Euro V tentative and subject to change according to previous experience. Source: <strong>MAN</strong> Sales Business Intelligence (SBI) Report
Commercial <strong>MAN</strong> Vehicles Group 21<br />
European truck & bus market forecast<br />
as of Feb. 2012*<br />
Units sales (thousand)<br />
500<br />
Market Potential<br />
Europe and Brazil<br />
Brazilian truck & bus market forecast<br />
as of Feb. 2012<br />
Unit sales (thousand)<br />
250<br />
400<br />
200<br />
300<br />
150<br />
200<br />
100<br />
100<br />
0<br />
2010 2015 2020<br />
Trucks<br />
> 6 t GVW<br />
Bus<br />
> 8 t GVW<br />
50<br />
0<br />
2010 2015 2020<br />
Trucks<br />
> 6 t GVW<br />
Bus<br />
> 8 t GVW<br />
2011 market sh<strong>are</strong> trucks > 6 t*<br />
2011 market sh<strong>are</strong> trucks > 5 t<br />
18%<br />
9%<br />
30%<br />
22%<br />
13%<br />
14%<br />
11%<br />
22%<br />
<strong>MAN</strong><br />
Mercedes-Benz<br />
Scania<br />
DAF<br />
Volvo<br />
Others<br />
8%<br />
18%<br />
11%<br />
24%<br />
<strong>MAN</strong><br />
Mercedes-Benz<br />
Volvo<br />
Ford<br />
Scania<br />
Others<br />
* Europe excl. Turkey and Bulgaria.<br />
Source: <strong>MAN</strong> Truck & Bus Registration Report/<strong>MAN</strong> Latin America Registration Report
Commercial <strong>MAN</strong> Vehicles Group 22<br />
Russian truck & bus market forecast<br />
as of Feb. 2012<br />
Units sales (thousand)<br />
200<br />
350<br />
Market Potential<br />
Russia and India<br />
Indian truck & bus market forecast<br />
as of Feb. 2012<br />
Unit sales (thousand)<br />
300<br />
150<br />
250<br />
100<br />
200<br />
150<br />
50<br />
0<br />
2010 2015 2020<br />
2011 market sh<strong>are</strong> trucks > 6 t<br />
12%<br />
<strong>MAN</strong><br />
URAL<br />
GAZ<br />
32%<br />
11% MAZ<br />
KAMAZ<br />
31%<br />
Others<br />
Trucks<br />
> 6 t GVW<br />
Bus<br />
> 8 t GVW<br />
100<br />
50<br />
0<br />
2011 market sh<strong>are</strong> trucks > 12 t<br />
25%<br />
2010 2015 2020<br />
3% 2%1% 65%<br />
4%<br />
<strong>MAN</strong><br />
Tata Motors<br />
Ashok Leyland<br />
Asia Motor Works<br />
VE Eicher<br />
Others<br />
Trucks<br />
> 12 t GVW<br />
Bus<br />
> 8 t GVW<br />
Source: <strong>MAN</strong> Truck & Bus Registration Report
Commercial <strong>MAN</strong> Vehicles Group 23<br />
Market Potential<br />
China<br />
Chinese truck & bus market forecast<br />
as of Feb. 2012<br />
Unit Sales (thousand)<br />
1200<br />
1000<br />
800<br />
600<br />
400<br />
200<br />
0<br />
2010 2015 2020<br />
2011 market sh<strong>are</strong> trucks > 14 t<br />
16%<br />
Trucks<br />
> 14 t GVW<br />
Bus<br />
> 8 t GVW<br />
21%<br />
21%<br />
18%<br />
12%<br />
12%<br />
CNHTC<br />
Beijing Automotive<br />
<strong>We</strong>ichai<br />
FAW<br />
Dongfeng<br />
Others<br />
Source: IHS Global Insight
Doing something<br />
about rocketing fuel<br />
prices?<br />
<strong>We</strong> <strong>are</strong> your <strong>MAN</strong>.<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> Truck <strong>MAN</strong> & Group Bus 24<br />
<strong>MAN</strong><br />
Truck & Bus<br />
Engineering the Future –<br />
since 1758.<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> Group
<strong>MAN</strong> Truck <strong>MAN</strong> & Group Bus 25<br />
Executive Board<br />
Dr.-Ing. Georg<br />
Pachta-Reyhofen<br />
Chief Executive Officer<br />
Jörg Astalosch<br />
Chief Financial Officer<br />
Controlling<br />
Bernd Maierhofer<br />
Chief Technical Officer<br />
R&D and Purchasing<br />
Dr. Carsten Intra<br />
Production & Logistics<br />
Frank Hiller<br />
Marketing, Sales &<br />
Services
<strong>MAN</strong> Truck <strong>MAN</strong> & Group Bus 26<br />
Products<br />
Broad product portfolio<br />
Trucks Buses Engines & Components Service<br />
• Heavy series:<br />
TGS, TGX, TGX V8, and<br />
TGX Efficient Line<br />
18 – 41 t GVW<br />
• Light / medium series:<br />
TGL, and TGM<br />
7.5 – 26 t GVW<br />
• Specialized trucks:<br />
TGS WW, military vehicles, and<br />
• <strong>MAN</strong>: Buses for business<br />
Lion’s Coach, Lion’s Regio,<br />
Lion’s City, and Lion’s City GL<br />
• <strong>MAN</strong> Lion’s City Hybrid<br />
• NEOPLAN: VIP Class<br />
Skyliner, Starliner, Cityliner,<br />
and Tourliner<br />
• Chassis<br />
• Vehicle/industrial engines<br />
37 kW (50 hp) to 1,324 kW<br />
(1,800 hp). There <strong>are</strong> 4- and<br />
6-cylinder in-line units, and<br />
8- and 12-cylinder V engines<br />
• Axles<br />
Driving and non-driven axles<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> I Service<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> I Support<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> I Finance<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> I TopUsed<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> I Rental<br />
special-purpose vehicles<br />
• Export series: Cargo Line A (CLA),<br />
and SITRAK T7H
<strong>MAN</strong> Truck <strong>MAN</strong> & Group Bus 27<br />
Strategic Objectives<br />
Profitable international growth<br />
Internationalization<br />
Customer orientation<br />
Operational excellence<br />
Innovation<br />
• Strengthen position in home<br />
market Europe<br />
• Exploit market potential in<br />
BRIC and other growth<br />
markets<br />
• Implement a holistic<br />
customer orientation approach<br />
with <strong>MAN</strong>/NEOPLAN<br />
• Provide integrated transport<br />
business solutions<br />
• Concentration on core competencies<br />
• Optimization of vertical and<br />
horizontal value chain<br />
• Focus on innovation leadership<br />
in selected fields<br />
• Strengthen new business<br />
concepts to increase customer<br />
value
<strong>MAN</strong> Truck <strong>MAN</strong> & Group Bus 28<br />
Innovative Technologies<br />
Euro VI<br />
Legal standards<br />
All new commercial vehicles registered in Europe from January 1, 2014, must comply with the Euro VI emission standard.<br />
To meet the Euro VI emission standard, the upper limit for exhaust gas particles must be cut by 98.6% comp<strong>are</strong>d<br />
with the Euro 0 emission standard introduced in 1990; nitrogen oxides (NOx) must be reduced by 97.2%.<br />
Manufacturers <strong>are</strong> responsible for ensuring that the required exhaust gas emission limits of their commercial vehicles<br />
<strong>are</strong> actually complied with for at least 700,000 km or seven years.<br />
Particulate matter emission limits<br />
g/kWh<br />
0.40<br />
0.35<br />
0.30<br />
0.25<br />
0.20<br />
0.15<br />
0.10<br />
Nitrogen oxide limits<br />
g/kWh<br />
8<br />
7<br />
6<br />
5<br />
4<br />
3<br />
2<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> has already developed the solutions<br />
The two technologies necessary for the Euro VI emission<br />
standard – exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) and selective<br />
catalytic reduction (SCR) – have been successfully<br />
used at <strong>MAN</strong> in series production of commercial vehicles<br />
for several years now.<br />
• <strong>MAN</strong> presented the first Euro VI city buses at the<br />
2011 Busworld expo in Kortrijk<br />
• It will unveil the corresponding truck engines at the<br />
IAA Commercial Vehicles Show 2012 in Hanover<br />
0.05<br />
1<br />
0.00<br />
0<br />
Euro I II III IV V VI Euro I II III IV V VI<br />
Scan the QR code to learn more about<br />
legal requirements, Euro VI standards, and<br />
<strong>MAN</strong>’s innovative solutions:
<strong>MAN</strong> Truck <strong>MAN</strong> & Group Bus 29<br />
Innovative Technologies<br />
Alternative drive concepts<br />
Hybrid technology plays a fundamental role in further increasing efficiency and conserving resources, and will<br />
pave the way to e-mobility. <strong>MAN</strong> is one of the pioneers of hybrid drives for commercial vehicles. Its intelligent<br />
hybrid energy management system controls the flow of energy between the diesel and electric engines,<br />
battery, drive axle, and auxiliary units.<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> Lion’s City Hybrid<br />
• Uses up to 30% less fuel and produces correspondingly less CO 2<br />
than conventional diesel-powered city buses<br />
• On the market as a series vehicle since 2010 and has been<br />
successfully launched as a public service bus<br />
• 72 Lion’s City Hybrid buses ordered and 60 already delivered<br />
(January 2012)<br />
• Field tests in six cities (Munich, Paris, Barcelona, Vienna, Milan,<br />
Valencia) ongoing until October 2012<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> TGL 12.220 Hybrid<br />
• In the field since August 2011 and providing important empirical<br />
feedback for optimizing hybrid drives in delivery transportation<br />
• <strong>MAN</strong> anticipates that the widespread use of hybrid vehicles for<br />
urban delivery applications will deliver fuel savings of up to 15%<br />
• Start of small-scale series development in July 2011
<strong>MAN</strong> Truck <strong>MAN</strong> & Group Bus 30<br />
Transportation Efficiency<br />
Consistently efficient<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> TGX EfficientLine<br />
• Combines optimized air resistance and payload creating a<br />
commercially viable vehicle that meets current demands of long-<br />
distance transportation<br />
• Up to 3 liters less fuel consumed in long-distance transportation<br />
(proven by TÜV Süd, international press tests, and customer<br />
experience) translating in up to 10% less energy consumption per<br />
ton transported<br />
• 6,082 incoming orders* since its launch in October 2010<br />
• Named “Green Truck 2011”<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> Concept S study<br />
• Proposals to optimize the aerodynamics of the long distance<br />
vehicles of the future<br />
• <strong>MAN</strong> Concept S’s aerodynamic design alone allows it<br />
to consume up to 25% less fuel – when combined with<br />
an appropriately modified trailer – than a conventional 40-ton<br />
semitrailer tractor<br />
• Its implementation would require amending certain<br />
registration rules within the EU<br />
* EfficientLine vehicles and packages, as of February 1, 2012.
<strong>MAN</strong> Truck <strong>MAN</strong> & Group Bus 31<br />
Strategic Growth Market<br />
Development of external engine business<br />
The external engine business is an integral part of the <strong>MAN</strong> strategy. <strong>MAN</strong> is single-mindedly developing expertise<br />
in all sectors. The revenue target for 2018 is €750 million.<br />
Revenue development<br />
•<br />
€ million<br />
Expansion of sales and<br />
service network<br />
•<br />
•<br />
Rail<br />
Bus (components)<br />
• Delivery of 2,188 engines to Russian<br />
bus manufacturer LIAZ (subsidiary of<br />
• Production start-up of<br />
key projects<br />
•<br />
•<br />
Construction<br />
Agriculture<br />
Russia’s largest automotive group,<br />
GAZ Group)<br />
350<br />
300<br />
• High investments in new<br />
products<br />
•<br />
•<br />
Marine<br />
Power<br />
• World premiere at the AGRITECH-<br />
NIKA 2011: new V12 gas engine<br />
250<br />
200<br />
• Change in energy policy<br />
additionally bolstering the<br />
business<br />
boasting 550 kW<br />
150<br />
Dedicated The right engine for every application<br />
Customized The right emission technology for every market<br />
Innovative <strong>MAN</strong> engines and their technology<br />
Business development<br />
Target markets<br />
Highlights 2011<br />
100<br />
50<br />
0<br />
2009 2010 2011
<strong>MAN</strong> Truck <strong>MAN</strong> & Group Bus 32<br />
Market Sh<strong>are</strong>s<br />
Key market drivers<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> Truck & Bus market sh<strong>are</strong><br />
Trucks > 6 t*<br />
% %<br />
20<br />
15<br />
10<br />
5<br />
0<br />
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011<br />
* Europe excl. Turkey and Bulgaria.<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> Truck & Bus market sh<strong>are</strong><br />
Buses > 8 t*<br />
30<br />
25<br />
20<br />
15<br />
10<br />
5<br />
0<br />
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011<br />
Key market drivers – truck market:<br />
• Lower export growth is reflecting weaker global demand<br />
and world trade. Industrial production growth<br />
will slow but positive impact by euro exchange rate<br />
• Domestic demand is affected by lower consumer<br />
purchasing power, tighter fiscal policy, the sovereign<br />
debt crisis<br />
• Introduction of Euro VI in 2014<br />
• Major sh<strong>are</strong> of goods transport on the road, further<br />
increase of road freight transport volume expected<br />
Key market drivers – bus market:<br />
• Liberalization of long-distance line traffic in Germany<br />
in 2011<br />
• 2012 Olympic Games in UK<br />
• High replacement demand for school buses in<br />
France as result of new regulations from 2015<br />
• Introduction of Euro VI in 2014<br />
• Strong oil price increase will force shift from car to<br />
public transportation, especially in urban centers<br />
• Major challenge: increase in urban population<br />
Source: <strong>MAN</strong> Truck & Bus Registration Report
<strong>MAN</strong> Truck <strong>MAN</strong> & Group Bus 33<br />
Market Potential in Europe<br />
Transportation and traffic volume on the rise<br />
3,000<br />
2,500<br />
2,000<br />
1,500<br />
1,000<br />
500<br />
Goods transportation in Europe<br />
• Need for a pan European ‘core network’. More efficient<br />
services in multimodal combinations should be used<br />
• Goods transport by rail should expand above average to<br />
handle increasing freight transport volume in coming years<br />
Billion ton-kilometers*<br />
8,000<br />
7,000<br />
6,000<br />
5,000<br />
4,000<br />
3,000<br />
2,000<br />
1,000<br />
Passenger transportation in Europe<br />
• Little growth in passenger transportation by bus and<br />
coach. Most improvement expected in transport by rail,<br />
especially by interurban rail<br />
• Car sh<strong>are</strong> is expected to shrink slightly<br />
Person-kilometers**<br />
0<br />
2000 2005 2010 2020 2025<br />
Inland waterways Railways Roads<br />
0<br />
Rail<br />
2000 2005 2010 2020 2025<br />
Buses and Coaches Cars<br />
* Unit of measurement equal to the weight in tons of material transported multiplied by the number of kilometers driven.<br />
** Comprising transported persons and the distance in km.<br />
Source: <strong>MAN</strong> Sales Business Intelligence (SBI) Report
<strong>MAN</strong> Truck <strong>MAN</strong> & Group Bus 34<br />
Key Figures<br />
Business performance<br />
Highlights 2011<br />
Order intake and revenue increase by double-digit percentages<br />
Operating profit more than triples<br />
Order intake<br />
€ million<br />
Revenue<br />
€ million<br />
Operating profit/loss<br />
€ million<br />
15,000<br />
12,000<br />
12,684<br />
12,000<br />
10,000<br />
8,984<br />
1,200<br />
1,000<br />
1,039 1,062<br />
10,410 10,610 6,395<br />
9,000<br />
6,000<br />
9,130<br />
5,224<br />
8,023<br />
9,514<br />
8,000<br />
6,000<br />
4,000<br />
7,446<br />
800<br />
600<br />
400<br />
200<br />
158<br />
565<br />
3,000<br />
2,000<br />
0<br />
-91<br />
0<br />
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011<br />
0<br />
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011<br />
-200<br />
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
<strong>MAN</strong> Truck <strong>MAN</strong> & Group Bus 35<br />
Key Figures<br />
Business performance<br />
Vehicle sales<br />
ROS<br />
Headcount*<br />
Units<br />
120,000<br />
10<br />
%<br />
10.0<br />
10.0<br />
No.<br />
40,000<br />
36,591 36,251<br />
100,000<br />
7,349<br />
7,227<br />
8<br />
6.3<br />
35,000<br />
30,000<br />
34,239<br />
31,519<br />
31,284<br />
80,000<br />
5,775<br />
6<br />
25,000<br />
60,000<br />
40,000<br />
20,000<br />
93,260<br />
5,483<br />
96,478 77,643<br />
6,232<br />
55,166<br />
40,535<br />
4<br />
2<br />
0<br />
-1.4<br />
2.1<br />
20,000<br />
15,000<br />
10,000<br />
5,000<br />
0<br />
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011<br />
-2<br />
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011<br />
0<br />
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011<br />
Trucks<br />
Buses<br />
* Including subcontracted employees as of December 31.
Driving the leading<br />
truck and bus<br />
company in<br />
Latin America?<br />
<strong>We</strong> <strong>are</strong> your <strong>MAN</strong>.<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> Latin <strong>MAN</strong> America Group 36<br />
<strong>MAN</strong><br />
Latin<br />
America<br />
Engineering the Future –<br />
since 1758.<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> Group
<strong>MAN</strong> Latin <strong>MAN</strong> America Group 37<br />
Executive Board<br />
Antonio R.<br />
Cortes<br />
President<br />
Gastão Rachou<br />
Product Strategy &<br />
Portfolio Management<br />
Helmut<br />
Hümmerich<br />
Finance<br />
Adilson Dezoto<br />
Production &<br />
Logistics<br />
Jose Ricardo<br />
Alouche<br />
Sales, Marketing<br />
& After Sales<br />
Marcos Forgioni<br />
International Sales<br />
& Marketing
<strong>MAN</strong> Latin <strong>MAN</strong> America Group 38<br />
Products<br />
Broad product portfolio<br />
Constellation<br />
Worker<br />
Delivery<br />
Volksbus<br />
The Constellation is<br />
equipped with a sleeping<br />
compartment and the most<br />
advanced technology. It is<br />
ideal for medium- and longdistance<br />
transport as well<br />
as off-road.<br />
The Worker features reliable,<br />
high-quality robustness<br />
for all types of heavy<br />
service on highways in<br />
urban and rural <strong>are</strong>as as<br />
well as off-road.<br />
The Delivery is a light, agile<br />
vehicle that is easy to drive<br />
and maneuver and also has<br />
low maintenance costs. It is<br />
made for rapid transport in<br />
cities or rural <strong>are</strong>as.<br />
The Volksbus includes a<br />
complete line of urban<br />
and coach chassis<br />
designed to provide<br />
comfort for passengers<br />
and profitability for fleet<br />
owners.
<strong>MAN</strong> Latin <strong>MAN</strong> America Group 39<br />
Strategic Objectives<br />
Internationalization<br />
Customer orientation<br />
Operational excellence<br />
Innovation<br />
• Expand market presence in<br />
Latin America and global<br />
budget markets<br />
• Develop reliable and<br />
affordable products with<br />
leading quality in their segments<br />
• Ensure customer and dealer<br />
satisfaction<br />
• Be the center of competence<br />
within the <strong>MAN</strong> Group for<br />
the development of budget<br />
trucks and buses<br />
• Leverage synergies with <strong>MAN</strong><br />
and VW Group to strengthen<br />
new business concepts
<strong>MAN</strong> Latin <strong>MAN</strong> America Group 40<br />
Innovation and Competence<br />
Everything under one roof<br />
Consórcio Modular: tailor-made philosophy<br />
The Resende plant is among the most advanced in the world<br />
– its production system is considered to be revolutionary.<br />
The modular system results in a lean production structure<br />
with minimal fixed costs. It also reduces manufacturing<br />
costs, w<strong>are</strong>house inventories, and even production times.<br />
Production concept<br />
• Optimized process and production flow<br />
• Optimized logistics and material handling<br />
• “Modules simultaneos” production<br />
• Partners instead of suppliers<br />
• Product flexibility – ready for new products<br />
• Customer-orientated products<br />
Modular work processes<br />
• Seven independent partners supply not only individual<br />
product components directly to the assembly<br />
lines, but assemble complete component groups<br />
such as axles, suspensions, or engines<br />
• Some 1,900 (2011) regular employees <strong>are</strong> responsible<br />
for quality assurance during production as well<br />
as for product development, marketing, and the<br />
worldwide after-sales business
<strong>MAN</strong> Latin <strong>MAN</strong> America Group 41<br />
Innovation and Competence<br />
Alternative fuels and hybrid solutions<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> Latin America wants to offer more alternatives to the clients, especially when they generate benefits in costs<br />
and to the environment. <strong>We</strong> have consistently invested in new technologies to guarantee our pioneering position<br />
in the scenario of these innovations.<br />
VW Constellation 17.280 6x2<br />
Hybrid prototype<br />
• Same concept of kinetic energy recovery<br />
used in Formula 1 cars<br />
• The system stores the energy collected<br />
during braking in hydraulic accumulators,<br />
and later uses it in starting the vehicle<br />
• It is indicated for operations with “run<br />
and stop” applications, such as waste<br />
collection or public transportation<br />
• The truck has an <strong>MAN</strong> D08 power train<br />
complying with Euro V<br />
• Next stage: pilot project with a strategic<br />
fleet operator in the sector<br />
VW Constellation 17.190 Ultra<br />
CleanTM Diesel<br />
• Beverage truck powered by renewable<br />
bio-fuel contributing to the reduction of<br />
vehicle’s carbon emissions<br />
• Developed by the American<br />
biotechnology company, LS9 promises<br />
to be simpler and cheaper than the<br />
options currently available in the market<br />
• The model will be in operation for tests<br />
at fleet operators in the sector as early as<br />
2012<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> TGS 33.440 6x4<br />
• Tractor powered by a diesel and ethanol<br />
55% ratio mixture<br />
• With two different fuel tanks, the<br />
vehicle maintains the same performance<br />
of a traditional model, in addition to<br />
substantially reducing emissions of CO 2<br />
and particulate material
<strong>MAN</strong> Latin <strong>MAN</strong> America Group 42<br />
Market Sh<strong>are</strong>s<br />
Market leader for trucks in Brazil<br />
In 2011 <strong>MAN</strong> Latin America was able to sell 52,002 trucks in the growing Brazilian market, thereby maintaining<br />
its position as the country’s market leader for trucks over 5 t for the ninth successive year.<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> Latin America market sh<strong>are</strong><br />
Trucks > 5 t<br />
% %<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> Latin America market sh<strong>are</strong><br />
Buses > 8 t<br />
35<br />
35<br />
30<br />
30<br />
25<br />
25<br />
20<br />
20<br />
15<br />
15<br />
10<br />
10<br />
5<br />
5<br />
0<br />
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011<br />
0<br />
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011<br />
Source: <strong>MAN</strong> Latin America Registration Report
<strong>MAN</strong> Latin <strong>MAN</strong> America Group 43<br />
Market Potential<br />
Key market drivers for company growth<br />
Stimulus measures by the Brazilian government<br />
“Prócaminhoneiro” to modernize the truck fleet through subsidized financing options<br />
“Caminho da Escola” for which <strong>MAN</strong> Latin America sold 2,935 school buses in 2011<br />
PAC-2 plan involving investments of up to R$959 billion in <strong>are</strong>as such as energy, transportation, and housing between<br />
2010 and 2014 and investments of R$631.6 billion from 2014 onward<br />
Introduction<br />
of Euro V in<br />
2012<br />
Brazilian<br />
government<br />
has decided<br />
on stimulus<br />
measures to<br />
ensure continuous<br />
development<br />
of the<br />
economy<br />
Infrastructure<br />
needs due to<br />
2014 FIFA<br />
World Cup<br />
and 2016<br />
Olympic<br />
Games<br />
Economic<br />
growth due to<br />
many exportoriented<br />
companies,<br />
strong<br />
commodities<br />
producing<br />
sector, tapping<br />
of newly<br />
discovered<br />
mineral resources<br />
Need to renew<br />
Brazil’s<br />
aging fleet of<br />
transportation<br />
vehicles.<br />
Government<br />
finance<br />
programs<br />
to push this<br />
(average fleet<br />
age: above 16<br />
years)<br />
Localization<br />
of <strong>MAN</strong>’s<br />
TGX/TGS<br />
models and<br />
of the D08<br />
engine<br />
High aftersales<br />
potential<br />
due to<br />
engine component<br />
market<br />
and introduction<br />
of <strong>MAN</strong><br />
products<br />
New export<br />
business<br />
Export of VW<br />
models using<br />
the <strong>MAN</strong><br />
sales network<br />
and export of<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> models<br />
via <strong>MAN</strong> Latin<br />
America importers
<strong>MAN</strong> Latin <strong>MAN</strong> America Group 44<br />
Market Potential<br />
Infrastructure and transportation<br />
2,000<br />
Goods transportation in Brazil<br />
• Improvement of road conditions is of highest priority; only<br />
12% of Brazil’s highways <strong>are</strong> paved<br />
• The rail infrastructure network is to be extended up to<br />
40,000 km by 2020<br />
Billion ton-kilometers*<br />
1,200<br />
Passenger transportation in Brazil<br />
• Passenger transportation growth is due to the rising car<br />
segment<br />
• In preparation for the 2014 FIFA World Cup and the<br />
2016 Olympic Games, main cities will be linked by road<br />
Person-kilometers**<br />
1,500<br />
1,000<br />
800<br />
1,000<br />
600<br />
500<br />
400<br />
200<br />
0<br />
0<br />
2000 2005 2010 2020 2025<br />
2000 2005 2010 2020 2025<br />
Roads Railways Inland waterways Cars Buses and Coaches Rail (proportion is negligible)<br />
* Unit of measurement equal to the weight in tons of material transported multiplied by the number of kilometers driven.<br />
** Comprising transported persons and the distance in km.<br />
Source: <strong>MAN</strong> Sales Business Intelligence (SBI) Report
<strong>MAN</strong> Latin <strong>MAN</strong> America Group 45<br />
Market Potential<br />
Introduction of <strong>MAN</strong> products in Brazil<br />
Introduction of TGX and TGS in Brazil<br />
• More than €41 million invested by <strong>MAN</strong> Latin America in the<br />
development of made-to-order models for the Latin American<br />
market, an exclusive production line for the <strong>MAN</strong> trucks in<br />
Resende, including the construction of a new training center and a<br />
parts distribution hub<br />
• TGS exhibited at FENATRAN 2011<br />
• TGX 29.440 6x4 and 33.440 models to be marketed starting in<br />
2012<br />
Introduction of <strong>MAN</strong> D08 engine in Brazil<br />
• <strong>MAN</strong> D08 meets the stringent requirements of the Control Program<br />
of Air Pollution from Motor Vehicles (PROCONVE P7), which <strong>are</strong><br />
comparable to the Euro V requirements<br />
• Trucks offered in Brazil with the <strong>MAN</strong> D20 and D26 engines in the<br />
Euro V version<br />
• Two types of technology available: Euro V SCR (selective catalytic<br />
reduction) and EGR (exhaust gas recirculation) will be offered in<br />
the new Volksbus product line<br />
• Benefits: low noise and fuel consumption, greater range, and lower<br />
maintenance emissions<br />
• For the first time in Latin America, Volkswagen products will receive<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> engines assembled in Brazil
<strong>MAN</strong> Latin <strong>MAN</strong> America Group 46<br />
Key Figures<br />
Business performance<br />
Highlights 2011<br />
Revenue and operating profit at record level<br />
Market lead reinforced<br />
Order intake*<br />
Revenue*<br />
Operating profit<br />
€ million<br />
4,000<br />
3,579<br />
€ million<br />
4,000<br />
3,579<br />
€ million<br />
400<br />
370<br />
400<br />
3,500<br />
3,140<br />
3,500<br />
3,140<br />
350<br />
3,000<br />
3,000<br />
300<br />
2,500<br />
2,500<br />
250<br />
2,000<br />
2,000<br />
200<br />
1,500<br />
1,412<br />
1,500<br />
1,412<br />
150<br />
142<br />
1,000<br />
1,000<br />
100<br />
500<br />
500<br />
50<br />
0<br />
2009** 2010 2011<br />
0<br />
0<br />
2009** 2010 2011 2009** 2010 2011<br />
* <strong>MAN</strong> Latin America’s order intake is equal to its revenue due to the fact that importers/dealers order commercial vehicles from ML for immediate delivery.<br />
** <strong>MAN</strong> Latin America consolidated as of March 31, 2009.
<strong>MAN</strong> Latin <strong>MAN</strong> America Group 47<br />
Key Figures<br />
Business performance<br />
Vehicle sales<br />
ROS<br />
Headcount*<br />
Units<br />
%<br />
No.<br />
80,000<br />
70,000<br />
60,000<br />
65,630<br />
72,102<br />
12<br />
10<br />
10.1<br />
11.8<br />
11.2<br />
2,000<br />
1,500<br />
1,510<br />
1,736<br />
1,915<br />
50,000<br />
8<br />
40,000<br />
35,842<br />
6<br />
1,000<br />
30,000<br />
4<br />
20,000<br />
500<br />
10,000<br />
2<br />
0<br />
2009** 2010 2011<br />
0<br />
0<br />
2009** 2010 2011 2009** 2010 2011<br />
* Including subcontracted employees as of December 31.<br />
** <strong>MAN</strong> Latin America consolidated as of March 31, 2009.
Powering the TV<br />
sets of an entire city<br />
from a garage?<br />
<strong>We</strong> <strong>are</strong> your <strong>MAN</strong>.<br />
Power Engineering <strong>MAN</strong> Group 48<br />
Power<br />
Engineering<br />
Engineering the Future –<br />
since 1758.<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> Group
Power Engineering <strong>MAN</strong> Group 49<br />
Power Engineering<br />
Strategy<br />
Global product portfolio<br />
Internationalization with focus on BRIC<br />
Focusing on the power plant business through turnkey solutions<br />
<strong>Brand</strong> differentiation through after-sales business<br />
Ramp-up of series production for wind park gearboxes<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> Diesel & Turbo (MDT)<br />
One of the world’s leading providers of low- and mediumspeed<br />
marine and stationary applications as well as a global<br />
leader of thermal turbomachines.<br />
• Low- and medium-speed engines for marine and<br />
power plant applications<br />
• Turnkey solutions<br />
• Exhaust-gas turbochargers<br />
• Comprehensive product range of compressors, steam<br />
and gas turbines<br />
• Reactors and energy engineering<br />
• <strong>MAN</strong> PrimeServ: comprehensive service portfolio with<br />
representations in all key markets<br />
Renk (76%)<br />
A globally recognized manufacturer of high-quality special<br />
gear units, propulsion components, and testing systems.<br />
• Global market leader in vehicle transmissions for medium<br />
and heavy tracked vehicles<br />
• Special gear units for specialist marine and stationary<br />
applications<br />
• Standard gear units, primarily for merchant shipping,<br />
offshore wind, and industrial applications<br />
• Slide bearings and industrial couplings<br />
• Turnkey testing systems for the automotive, truck, rail,<br />
wind, and aviation industries
Connecting<br />
heating to the<br />
seabed?<br />
<strong>We</strong> <strong>are</strong> your<br />
<strong>MAN</strong>.<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> Diesel <strong>MAN</strong> & Group Turbo 50<br />
<strong>MAN</strong><br />
Diesel &<br />
Turbo<br />
Engineering the Future –<br />
since 1758.<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> Group
<strong>MAN</strong> Diesel <strong>MAN</strong> & Group Turbo 51<br />
Executive Board<br />
Dr. René Umlauft<br />
Chief Executive<br />
Officer, Power Plants<br />
Dr.-Ing. Hans-O. Jeske<br />
Chief Technology<br />
Officer,<br />
Turbomachinery<br />
Dr. Peter Park<br />
Chief Financial<br />
Officer<br />
Dr.-Ing. Stephan<br />
Timmermann<br />
Engines & Marine<br />
Systems, After Sales
<strong>MAN</strong> Diesel <strong>MAN</strong> & Group Turbo 52<br />
Corporate Structure<br />
Ge<strong>are</strong>d towards the market<br />
Executive Board<br />
Revenue distribution by<br />
strategic business unit<br />
Strategic<br />
business<br />
units<br />
Engines & Marine<br />
Systems<br />
Turbomachinery Power Plants After-sales business<br />
18%<br />
36%<br />
46%<br />
Business<br />
units<br />
Low Speed<br />
Medium Speed<br />
Turbocharger<br />
Process Industry Power Plants PrimeServ Diesel<br />
Oil & Gas<br />
PrimeServ Turbo<br />
Power Plants<br />
Turbomachinery<br />
Engines & Marine Systems<br />
Production
Germany<br />
Hamburg<br />
Steam turbines, and services<br />
Berlin<br />
Multiple shaft compressors, and<br />
small/medium-sized radial<br />
compressors<br />
Oberhausen<br />
Compressors, and turbines<br />
Deggendorf<br />
Reactor technology, and highpressure<br />
apparatuses<br />
Augsburg<br />
Large four-stroke engines, core<br />
components/sp<strong>are</strong> parts for all<br />
four-stroke engines, and large<br />
turbochargers<br />
France<br />
St. Nazaire<br />
Large four-stroke<br />
engines, and<br />
sp<strong>are</strong> parts<br />
Denmark<br />
Frederikshavn<br />
Propulsion systems<br />
Copenhagen<br />
Two-stroke components,<br />
and sp<strong>are</strong> parts<br />
Switzerland, Zurich<br />
Compressors, hermetically<br />
sealed compressors, and<br />
vacuum superchargers<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> Diesel <strong>MAN</strong> & Group Turbo 53<br />
Production Sites<br />
Global reach<br />
Czech Republic<br />
Velká Bíteš<br />
Small<br />
turbochargers<br />
China,<br />
Changzhou<br />
Compressors,<br />
turbochargers,<br />
and other<br />
services<br />
Headcount*<br />
India, Aurangabad<br />
Four-stroke engines, and<br />
Engineering Center<br />
No.<br />
2011 2010<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> Diesel & Turbo 14,039 12,455<br />
* Including subcontracted employees at December 31.
<strong>MAN</strong> Diesel <strong>MAN</strong> & Group Turbo 54<br />
Strategic Objectives<br />
Regionalization<br />
strategy (Brazil,<br />
Russia, India,<br />
China, and other<br />
emerging countries)<br />
Gas strategy Turnkey Efficiency improvement<br />
Emissions 2016<br />
• Regionalization<br />
and globalization<br />
to markets with<br />
growth potential<br />
• Be close to our endcustomers<br />
• Introduction and further<br />
development of a<br />
broad gas engine and<br />
gas turbine portfolio<br />
• Improve our project<br />
performance<br />
• Realize cost-down<br />
potential<br />
• Localization of sales<br />
force<br />
• Continuous development<br />
of MDT engine<br />
portfolio<br />
• Focus on key projects<br />
to meet emission<br />
legislation and provide<br />
customers with competitive<br />
solutions
<strong>MAN</strong> Diesel <strong>MAN</strong> & Group Turbo 55<br />
Products and Services<br />
Engines & Marine Systems<br />
One in every two ships plying the world’s oceans is powered by an<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> diesel engine. <strong>MAN</strong> Diesel & Turbo is the world market leader<br />
in two-stroke diesel engines, which drive large container ships,<br />
freighters, or oil tankers. The company’s extensive range of fourstroke<br />
engines is used to drive all kinds of merchant ships, special<br />
vessels, and passenger vessels.<br />
• Two-stroke and four-stroke engines for marine applications<br />
• Output range from 450 kW to 87 MW<br />
• Marine GenSets from 450 kW to 11.2 MW<br />
• Fuels: heavy fuel oil, diesel, gas, dual fuel<br />
• Propellers and complete marine propulsion systems<br />
• Axial and radial turbochargers for two-stroke and four-stroke<br />
engines, injection systems, systems electronics<br />
Turbomachinery<br />
As one of the world’s leading suppliers of turbomachinery, the relevant<br />
strategic business unit of the company offers one of the broadest<br />
product ranges in this field. The diversity of products reflects a wide<br />
circle of customers, for whom <strong>MAN</strong> Diesel & Turbo designs and<br />
manufactures single compressors and turbines or complete machinery<br />
trains.<br />
• Compressors, gas and steam turbines for the oil & gas industry,<br />
the process industry and power generation<br />
• Turnkey machinery trains including drives and expanders<br />
• Reactors for the chemical and petrochemical industry, special<br />
apparatuses for science
Thermal<br />
management<br />
Exhaust<br />
after-treatment<br />
Engines &<br />
components<br />
Storage<br />
Infrastructure<br />
Preparation<br />
Supply<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> Diesel <strong>MAN</strong> & Group Turbo 56<br />
Products and Services<br />
Power Plants<br />
With its range of large stationary diesel and gas engines for use in<br />
power plants, <strong>MAN</strong> Diesel & Turbo is a reliable partner for power<br />
generating companies, regardless of whether the energy is fed into the<br />
power grid or destined for local supply purposes. From fuel depot to<br />
transfomer station, <strong>MAN</strong> Diesel & Turbo offers complete solutions from<br />
one single source. Power plant operation and maintenance <strong>are</strong> also<br />
undertaken at the customer’s request.<br />
• Two-stroke and four-stroke engines from 450 kW to 80 MW<br />
• Turnkey diesel power plants<br />
• Combined heat and power plants, diesel combined cycle (DCC)<br />
• Excellent fuel flexibility: diesel, heavy fuel oil, bio-fuels, gas, dual fuel<br />
• <strong>MAN</strong> PowerManagement: operation and maintenance,<br />
comprehensive services<br />
• Scalable, modular concepts<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> PrimeServ<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> PrimeServ is <strong>MAN</strong> Diesel & Turbo’s after-sales service brand,<br />
covering far more than just routine servicing of engines and machinery<br />
or the simple delivery of sp<strong>are</strong> parts. Beside technical service for<br />
all products, the business activities include individual consulting,<br />
extensive support, as well as comprehensive service agreements.<br />
• Individual consulting, service agreements, and contracts<br />
• Maintenance, sp<strong>are</strong> parts supply, and repairs<br />
• Retrofits, upgrades, rerates, relocations<br />
• Online monitoring and diagnosis<br />
• Customer training in <strong>MAN</strong> PrimeServ academies<br />
• Worldwide network of service hubs: 24 / 7 OEM service around<br />
the globe
<strong>MAN</strong> Diesel <strong>MAN</strong> & Group Turbo 57<br />
Market Outlook<br />
Engines & Marine Systems<br />
• Freight rates in the two-stroke segment under pressure due to<br />
overcapacity<br />
• Four-stroke segment dominated by niche markets with fierce<br />
competition<br />
• Long-term growth and trend towards efficient comprehensive<br />
solutions<br />
Turbomachinery<br />
• Market recovery and diversified growth in the process industry<br />
• Stable growth in the oil and gas business<br />
• Increasing demand, especially in the BRIC countries
<strong>MAN</strong> Diesel <strong>MAN</strong> & Group Turbo 58<br />
Market Outlook<br />
Power Plants<br />
• Sharply rising need for energy in BRIC countries and in Africa<br />
• Growing market for decentralized power plants in Europe, due<br />
among other things to the change in energy policy<br />
• Technology driven by reduction in emissions and gas<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> PrimeServ<br />
• Retrofitting is becoming more and more important to meet<br />
emission and fuel consumption needs<br />
• Demand for the service portfolio to be expanded<br />
• Stable growth due to growing population in the field
<strong>MAN</strong> Diesel <strong>MAN</strong> & Group Turbo 59<br />
Emission from Marine Transport<br />
Emission standards<br />
Around 95% of long-distance freight transport worldwide is undertaken by ships.<br />
Marine shipping accounts for roughly 3.7% of total global CO 2 emissions.<br />
Taking the ratio of tonnage and distance covered to pollutant emissions into consideration, ships represent the<br />
cleanest mode of transport.<br />
Nitrogen oxides (g/kWh)<br />
Tier I<br />
Tier II<br />
Tier III<br />
Sulfur oxide content (%)<br />
4.5<br />
4.0<br />
3.5<br />
3.0<br />
2.5<br />
2.0<br />
1.5<br />
1.0<br />
0.5<br />
0<br />
in general<br />
International Maritime Organization (IMO)<br />
The IMO, a specialist agency of the United Nations, sets limits for the<br />
emission of greenhouse gases such as nitrogen oxides (NO x ) and<br />
sulfur oxides (SO x ) by ships. The Tier II standard, which requires a 20%<br />
reduction in NO x emissions comp<strong>are</strong>d with the Tier I standard dating<br />
from the year 2000, has been in force since January 2011.<br />
Tier III will come into effect in January 2016.
<strong>MAN</strong> Diesel <strong>MAN</strong> & Group Turbo 60<br />
Emission from Marine Transport<br />
Emission standards<br />
Emission Controlled Areas (ECAs)<br />
When Tier III will come into effect in January 2016 then<br />
the emission of nitrogen oxides in certain coastal regions,<br />
Emission Controlled Areas (ECAs), must be reduced<br />
by 80%. Since 2010, the sulfur content of fuels must not<br />
exceed 1.0% in ECAs. After January 1, 2015, the sulfur<br />
content will be limited to 0.1%. Outside the ECAs, sulfur<br />
concentrations of 3.5% in fuel have been permitted worldwide<br />
since January 1, 2012, but from January 1, 2020,<br />
the IMO will demand a maximum content of just 0.5%.
<strong>MAN</strong> Diesel <strong>MAN</strong> & Group Turbo 61<br />
Innovative Technology<br />
Maritime system solutions<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> Diesel & Turbo is making every effort to reduce the fuel consumption and emissions of marine engines.<br />
Technology from <strong>MAN</strong> Diesel & Turbo makes it possible to comply with the stringent IMO Tier III limits already<br />
now. Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) <strong>are</strong> two highly effective sets of measures<br />
to reduce nitrogen oxide emissions.<br />
Solutions from <strong>MAN</strong> Diesel & Turbo<br />
In the case of SCR, the exhaust gases <strong>are</strong> routed through a catalytic<br />
converter following combustion. While SCR is a partially integrated<br />
post-treatment technology matched to the individual engine, EGR is<br />
an integrated engine technology designed as part of the engine itself.<br />
In the case of EGR, a portion of the exhaust gases is recirculated back<br />
into the engine intake air.<br />
In contrast to nitrogen oxide emissions, sulfur oxides in the exhaust gas<br />
cannot be reduced via the combustion process in the engine. They can<br />
be cut by up to 95% by the use of desulfurization systems. <strong>MAN</strong> Diesel<br />
& Turbo is working with its partners to develop various desulfurization<br />
technologies. A drastic reduction in sulfur emissions can be achieved<br />
primarily by switching to fuels with lower sulfur contents, for example<br />
marine diesel or natural gas. For this purpose <strong>MAN</strong> Diesel & Turbo offers<br />
so-called dual fuel engines, which run on both liquid and gaseous<br />
fuels.
<strong>MAN</strong> Diesel <strong>MAN</strong> & Group Turbo 62<br />
Innovative Technology<br />
Subsea – underwater extraction of oil and gas<br />
Background: global challenges<br />
Regarding power generation and the demand for production purposes,<br />
it will not be possible to meet the need of the global population using<br />
renewable sources alone. New reserves of oil and gas must therefore<br />
be located and developed on an ongoing basis. Since easily accessible<br />
sources such as those in the oil-rich desert countries of the Middle<br />
East <strong>are</strong> becoming increasingly scarce, the exploration and extraction<br />
of these natural resources is becoming ever more demanding. In order<br />
to meet global requirements, experts <strong>are</strong> advancing into increasingly remote,<br />
poorly accessible regions. <strong>We</strong>lls on the seabed <strong>are</strong> one example<br />
of this.<br />
An operation that was previously undertaken from platforms on the<br />
ocean’s surface is now descending into the depths. Machinery and<br />
equipment <strong>are</strong> installed directly on the seabed, bringing the precious<br />
resources through pipes to the surface under automatic control and<br />
monitoring. From here they <strong>are</strong> carried by pipeline or tanker to the<br />
consumer markets.<br />
Solutions from <strong>MAN</strong> Diesel & Turbo<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> Diesel & Turbo has developed the world’s first subsea compressor<br />
for a major oil and gas producer, to allow natural gas to be<br />
extracted directly from the seabed. In this demanding task, the virtually<br />
maintenance-free compressor withstands the water pressure at considerable<br />
depth thanks to its robust, hermetically-sealed casing, which<br />
also prevents gas from escaping.<br />
This makes subsea production more cost-effective and more reliable,<br />
while the risk posed by negative environmental influences can also be<br />
further reduced.
<strong>MAN</strong> Diesel <strong>MAN</strong> & Group Turbo 63<br />
Innovative Technology<br />
Gas engines for power plants<br />
Solutions from <strong>MAN</strong> Diesel & Turbo<br />
Background: global challenges<br />
Rising fuel costs, legislation to reduce emission limits, the trend<br />
towards decentralized energy suppliers, and the energy requirements<br />
of countries with large gas deposits <strong>are</strong> all driving the stationary use of<br />
gas engines in power plants. In addition to a high supply reliability and<br />
the potential savings on operating and procurement costs, the advantage<br />
of gas-fired plants lies chiefly in extremely low emission values<br />
coupled with a high level of efficiency.<br />
Natural gas is the most environmentally friendly of all fossil energy<br />
sources. Due to the lower carbon content of the fuel, gas engines emit<br />
around 25% less CO 2 than diesel engines. Nitrogen oxide (NO x ) emissions<br />
<strong>are</strong> roughly 80% lower, while emissions of sulfur oxides, soot,<br />
and particles <strong>are</strong> virtually nonexistent.<br />
20V35/44G – the new gas engine from <strong>MAN</strong> Diesel & Turbo<br />
The single-stage turbocharged engine for stationary use in power<br />
plants reaches an output of 10.6 MW and thus has the highest output<br />
in this segment. The engine was redesigned and a prototype was built,<br />
which has been undergoing intensive testing on the test stand since<br />
September 2011. The first engines will be subjected to field testing in<br />
2013. In addition to a very high efficiency, the new gas engine boasts<br />
very many innovative technological elements. Compliance with all current<br />
emission limits is made possible solely by internal engine features.<br />
Looking to the future<br />
MDT aims to extend its portfolio of gas engines over the next few years<br />
and to add further models in various output ranges. Alongside their use<br />
in power plant applications and for stationary power and heat generation,<br />
these engines <strong>are</strong> increasingly being used in the marine sector.<br />
So-called dual fuel engines, which can be operated using liquid and<br />
gaseous fuels, <strong>are</strong> available for these applications. Customers also<br />
have the opportunity to convert existing diesel engines to dual fuel<br />
engines (retrofitting).<br />
With its involvement in the gas engine field, MDT is gearing itself to<br />
future requirements in a market with extensive growth prospects.
<strong>MAN</strong> Diesel <strong>MAN</strong> & Group Turbo 64<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> PrimeServ<br />
Thinking globally – acting locally<br />
An international clientele and shrinking time windows mean growing global demand for a rapid, competent<br />
reaction.<br />
To satisfy this demand, the <strong>MAN</strong> Diesel & Turbo network is growing and already comprises over 110 sites on all<br />
five continents.<br />
Solutions from <strong>MAN</strong> Diesel & Turbo<br />
Service hubs for diesel<br />
engines<br />
Service hubs for<br />
turbomachinery<br />
With an export quota of nearly 90%, <strong>MAN</strong> Diesel & Turbo<br />
serves a customer base that extends across the globe, far<br />
beyond its European locations.<br />
This is particularly significant for the service business of<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> PrimeServ. To keep downtime, the non-productive<br />
time of machinery, engines and equipment, to a minimum,<br />
the global service centers have their own staff and workshop<br />
capacities. If necessary, <strong>MAN</strong> PrimeServ can react<br />
swiftly to get the necessary resources to the remotest<br />
corners of the globe within a very short time.
<strong>MAN</strong> Diesel <strong>MAN</strong> & Group Turbo 65<br />
Key Figures<br />
Business performance<br />
Highlights 2011<br />
Order intake up 6%<br />
Operating profit rises despite slight decline in revenue<br />
Strong return on sales increases further<br />
Order intake<br />
Revenue<br />
Operating profit<br />
€ million<br />
4,825<br />
5,000<br />
4,000<br />
4,515<br />
3,457<br />
3,692<br />
€ million<br />
4,000<br />
3,500 3,286<br />
3,000<br />
3,870<br />
3,796 3,766<br />
3,610<br />
€ million<br />
600<br />
500<br />
417<br />
538<br />
500<br />
439<br />
460<br />
3,000<br />
2,936<br />
2,500<br />
400<br />
2,000<br />
300<br />
2,000<br />
1,500<br />
200<br />
1,000<br />
1,000<br />
500<br />
100<br />
0<br />
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011<br />
0<br />
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011<br />
0<br />
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
<strong>MAN</strong> Diesel <strong>MAN</strong> & Group Turbo 66<br />
Key Figures<br />
Business performance<br />
Order backlog*<br />
%<br />
ROS<br />
%<br />
Headcount**<br />
No.<br />
6,000<br />
5,000<br />
5,521<br />
5,924<br />
4,422<br />
15<br />
12<br />
12.7<br />
13.9<br />
13.2<br />
11.7<br />
12.7<br />
15,000<br />
12,000<br />
11,394<br />
12,479 12,511 12,455<br />
14,039<br />
4,000<br />
3,793<br />
3,805<br />
9<br />
9,000<br />
3,000<br />
2,000<br />
6<br />
6,000<br />
1,000<br />
3<br />
3,000<br />
0<br />
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011<br />
0<br />
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011<br />
0<br />
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011<br />
* As of December 31.<br />
** Including subcontracted employees as of December 31.
Financial <strong>MAN</strong> Information Group 67
Expansion driven<br />
by innovative<br />
gears?<br />
<strong>We</strong> <strong>are</strong> your <strong>MAN</strong>.<br />
Renk <strong>MAN</strong> Group 68<br />
Renk<br />
Engineering the Future –<br />
since 1758.<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> Group
Renk <strong>MAN</strong> Group 69<br />
Executive Board<br />
Dipl.-Ing. (FH) Florian<br />
Hofbauer<br />
Spokesman,<br />
Engineering and<br />
Marketing<br />
Ulrich Sauter<br />
Production and<br />
Administration
Renk <strong>MAN</strong> Group 70<br />
Renk Worldwide<br />
Germany<br />
Augsburg, Renk production<br />
site<br />
Vehicle transmissions, industrial<br />
gears, marine gears, and test<br />
systems for passenger cars/<br />
trucks/railway applications/<br />
aviation industries<br />
Renk-MAAG GmbH,<br />
Switzerland, Winterthur<br />
Turbo gears, sp<strong>are</strong> parts,<br />
and marine sp<strong>are</strong>s<br />
USA<br />
Renk LABECO Test Systems<br />
Corp., IN, Mooresville<br />
Test systems<br />
Renk Corp., SC, Duncan<br />
Slide bearings<br />
Rheine, Renk production site<br />
Industrial gears, marine gears,<br />
and couplings<br />
Hanover, Renk production<br />
site<br />
Slide bearings<br />
Berlin<br />
Slide bearings<br />
OMEGA Renk Bearings<br />
Pvt. Ltd., India, Bhopal<br />
Cooperation partner for slide<br />
bearings<br />
Japan, Tokyo<br />
Distribution center for slide<br />
bearings (MDT)<br />
Renk France S.A.S.,<br />
France, Saint-Ouenl’Aumône<br />
Vehicle transmissions<br />
Headcount*<br />
Renk Transmisyon<br />
Sanayi A.S.,Turkey,<br />
Istanbul<br />
Vehicle transmissions<br />
Renk U.A.E. LLC.,<br />
United Arab Emirates,<br />
Abu Dhabi<br />
Service and sales for all<br />
business units<br />
China, Changzhou<br />
Distribution center for slide<br />
bearings (MDT)<br />
No.<br />
2011 2010<br />
Renk 2,013 1,882<br />
COFICAL Renk Mancais<br />
do Brasil Ltda., Brazil,<br />
Guaramirim<br />
Slide bearings<br />
* Including subcontracted employees at December 31.
Renk <strong>MAN</strong> Group 71<br />
Products<br />
Broad product portfolio<br />
Vehicle Transmissions Slide Bearings Special Gear Units Standard Gear Units<br />
• Manufacturer of fully automatic<br />
transmissions built into<br />
medium- and heavy-weight<br />
tracked vehicles as well as of<br />
a broad spectrum of test rigs<br />
included in its product range<br />
• Supply of hydrodynamic,<br />
lubricated slide bearings for<br />
electric motors, generators,<br />
pumps, blowers, water turbines,<br />
conveyors, and marine<br />
applications<br />
• The product lineup covers<br />
marine gear units for fast craft<br />
and naval applications with up<br />
to 80 MW power transmission<br />
capacity, stationary gear units<br />
for wide-ranging industrial<br />
environments including<br />
the cement industry and energy<br />
production<br />
• Encompasses large-gear<br />
production and specializes in<br />
marine gear units for<br />
merchant ships, ferries,<br />
LNG/LPG tankers,<br />
and supply vessels<br />
• Gear units for turbine plants<br />
and couplings for industrial<br />
use <strong>are</strong> also manufactured
Renk <strong>MAN</strong> Group 72<br />
Strategic Objectives<br />
Retain technology and<br />
market leadership<br />
Profitable growth with<br />
new products<br />
Internationalization
Renk <strong>MAN</strong> Group 73<br />
Innovative Technology<br />
Offshore wind energy<br />
As alternatives to fossil fuels, wind and water power <strong>are</strong> becoming more and more important.<br />
Renk’s gear units, which <strong>are</strong> known for being state-of-the-art, efficient, and having a long service life, contribute<br />
considerably in increasing the competitive edge of wind and water power stations.<br />
In league with the wind<br />
In the <strong>are</strong>a of wind-power gear units, the Aerogear<br />
technology by Renk further develops existing gear unit<br />
solutions. It stands out with its low-noise emission, high<br />
efficiency, and improved operating safety. The currently<br />
largest and first serial-produced offshore wind power gear<br />
unit of the 5 MW class, the gear unit for the MULTIBRID<br />
M5000 wind power station, generates enough power for<br />
4,500 households.
Renk <strong>MAN</strong> Group 74<br />
Key Figures<br />
Business performance<br />
Highlights 2011<br />
Healthy order intake, prior-year figure lifted by major order<br />
Stable operating profit, improved ROS<br />
Order intake<br />
Revenue<br />
Operating profit<br />
€ million<br />
€ million<br />
€ million<br />
600<br />
500<br />
400<br />
300<br />
439 443<br />
294<br />
525<br />
456<br />
600<br />
500<br />
400<br />
300<br />
430<br />
527<br />
474<br />
403<br />
389<br />
80<br />
70<br />
60<br />
50<br />
40<br />
68<br />
80<br />
66<br />
52 53<br />
200<br />
200<br />
30<br />
20<br />
100<br />
100<br />
10<br />
0<br />
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011<br />
0<br />
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011<br />
0<br />
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Renk <strong>MAN</strong> Group 75<br />
Key Figures<br />
Business performance<br />
ROS<br />
%<br />
20<br />
Headcount*<br />
No.<br />
2,500<br />
15<br />
15.7<br />
15.1<br />
13.9<br />
12.9<br />
13.6<br />
2,000<br />
1,500<br />
1,854<br />
2,041<br />
1,903<br />
1,882<br />
2,013<br />
10<br />
1,000<br />
5<br />
500<br />
* Including subcontracted employees as of December 31.<br />
0<br />
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011<br />
0<br />
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Putting together an<br />
austerity package<br />
that pleases the<br />
whole of Europe?<br />
<strong>We</strong> <strong>are</strong> your <strong>MAN</strong>.<br />
Financial <strong>MAN</strong> Information Group 76<br />
Financial<br />
Information<br />
Engineering the Future –<br />
since 1758.<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> Group
Financial <strong>MAN</strong> Information Group 77<br />
Basic Sh<strong>are</strong> Information<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> SE sh<strong>are</strong>s <strong>are</strong> traded on Xetra and on all seven<br />
German stock exchanges<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> SE is listed in the Dax equity index<br />
Key indicators for <strong>MAN</strong> common sh<strong>are</strong>s<br />
2011 2010<br />
Earnings per sh<strong>are</strong> in € 1 4.62 5.30<br />
Cash dividend per sh<strong>are</strong> in € 2 2.30 2.00<br />
Market capitalization (as of Dec. 31) 2 in € million 9,978 12,898<br />
Closing price in € 68.70 88.99<br />
High in € 98.72 96.44<br />
Low in € 52.51 47.99<br />
Dividend yield 3 in % 3.3 2.2<br />
Total return 4 in % -21.1 64.0<br />
Number in thousands 5 140,974 140,974<br />
Dax yield in % -14.7 16.1<br />
Euro Stoxx yield in % -15.2 2.7<br />
Sh<strong>are</strong> capital<br />
147,040,000 sh<strong>are</strong> capital, no-par value sh<strong>are</strong>s, of which<br />
140,974,350 common sh<strong>are</strong>s (96%) and 6,065,650 preference<br />
sh<strong>are</strong>s (4%).<br />
Common Preference<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> common sh<strong>are</strong>s vs. Dax<br />
December 2010 to December 2011<br />
Indexed values, December 31, 2010 = 1.00<br />
sh<strong>are</strong>s<br />
sh<strong>are</strong>s<br />
ISIN code DE0005937007 DE0005937031<br />
WKN 593700 593703<br />
Reuters <strong>MAN</strong>G.DE <strong>MAN</strong>G_p.DE<br />
Bloomberg <strong>MAN</strong> GY <strong>MAN</strong>3 GY<br />
1 Earnings per sh<strong>are</strong> excluding nonrecurring items and the effects from purchase price allocations: €5.78.<br />
2 Basis: 140,974,350 common sh<strong>are</strong>s and 6,065,650 preference sh<strong>are</strong>s.<br />
3 Cash dividend based on the closing price on December 31.<br />
4 Assumes reinvestment of the cash dividend on the last trading day of the month<br />
in which the Annual General Meeting was held.<br />
5 Only common sh<strong>are</strong>s.<br />
Source: Bloomberg
Financial <strong>MAN</strong> Information Group 78<br />
Sh<strong>are</strong>holder Structure and Dividend Policy<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> dividend policy<br />
It is <strong>MAN</strong>’s aim to enable its sh<strong>are</strong>holders to participate in the<br />
company’s success by distributing an appropriate sh<strong>are</strong> of its profit.<br />
The amount distributed is not fixed; the <strong>MAN</strong> Group generally aims for<br />
30% to 60% of net income.<br />
Cash dividend per sh<strong>are</strong><br />
€<br />
3.5<br />
3.15<br />
3.0<br />
Sh<strong>are</strong>holder structure*<br />
21%<br />
7% 54%**<br />
7%<br />
11%<br />
VW AG<br />
Private sh<strong>are</strong>holders<br />
Foreign institutional<br />
sh<strong>are</strong>holders<br />
German institutional<br />
sh<strong>are</strong>holders<br />
Others<br />
International<br />
investors <strong>are</strong><br />
predominantly<br />
based in the UK<br />
and the USA.<br />
* Basis:140,974,350 common sh<strong>are</strong>s and 6,065,650 preference sh<strong>are</strong>s; as of November/<br />
December 2011<br />
** As of the trading date of April 12, 2012, Volkswagen AG held 73.00% of the common sh<strong>are</strong>s<br />
and 26.46% of the preference sh<strong>are</strong>s (71.08% of the total sh<strong>are</strong> capital).<br />
Source: IPREO<br />
2.5<br />
2.0<br />
1.5<br />
1.0<br />
0.5<br />
0.0<br />
2.30<br />
2.00<br />
2.00<br />
0.25<br />
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011<br />
Volkswagen is majority sh<strong>are</strong>holder of <strong>MAN</strong><br />
On November 9, 2011, the sh<strong>are</strong>s that <strong>MAN</strong> SE sh<strong>are</strong>holders tendered<br />
to Volkswagen AG as part of the May 31, 2011, offer were transferred<br />
to the new majority sh<strong>are</strong>holder. As of the trading date of April 12,<br />
2012, Volkswagen AG held 73.00% of the common sh<strong>are</strong>s and<br />
26.46% of the preference sh<strong>are</strong>s (71.08% of the total sh<strong>are</strong> capital).
Financial <strong>MAN</strong> Information Group 79<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> as an Investment<br />
Reasons for investing in <strong>MAN</strong><br />
<strong>We</strong> <strong>are</strong> focused.<br />
<strong>We</strong> <strong>are</strong> global.<br />
<strong>We</strong> <strong>are</strong> innovative.<br />
<strong>We</strong> <strong>are</strong> sustainable.<br />
<strong>We</strong> <strong>are</strong> strong.<br />
<strong>We</strong> <strong>are</strong> cooperative.<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> concentrates on two strategic <strong>are</strong>as: Commercial Vehicles and Power Engineering. <strong>We</strong> <strong>are</strong> focused on transportation<br />
and energy – market segments with long-term global opportunities.<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> has a clear globalization strategy. <strong>We</strong> <strong>are</strong> a global player represented on all five continents. <strong>We</strong> hold leading positions<br />
in our markets and primarily see growth abroad, especially in the BRIC countries.<br />
Technology leadership is one of the keys to success for <strong>MAN</strong>. <strong>We</strong> develop solutions for our customers that <strong>are</strong> tailored<br />
to their markets and their needs. This and our ability to constantly pioneer and evolve has made us a front-runner in the<br />
transportation and energy industry.<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> is committed to future-oriented sustainable corporate leadership. <strong>We</strong> take economic, ecological, and social<br />
requirements into consideration.<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> has leading technologies, good market positions, and international alliances. <strong>We</strong> have a good financial position<br />
and hold one of the strongest ratings among our peers.<br />
Joining forces with strong partners makes us even more powerful. <strong>We</strong> <strong>are</strong> working closely within the Group and with our<br />
partners, we swap information and transfer knowledge.
Financial <strong>MAN</strong> Information Group 80<br />
Ratings and Bonds<br />
Bond<br />
An important component of the <strong>MAN</strong> Group’s funding is its access to the capital<br />
markets. In 2009, <strong>MAN</strong> SE launched a Euro Medium Term Note (EMTN) program with<br />
a volume of up to €5 billion, of which €2.4 billion has currently been utilized through<br />
the issue in 2009 of a bond in two tranches expiring in 2013 and 2016, the issue of<br />
a bond in March 2012 expiring in 2017, and a private placement amounting to €150<br />
million.<br />
Rating<br />
In May 2011, Standard & Poor’s lifted its outlook for<br />
<strong>MAN</strong>’s BBB+ long-term rating from “stable” to “positive,”<br />
confirming this again in July 2011, and then lifted its rating<br />
to A– with a stable outlook in December 2011. The A3<br />
rating with a stable outlook awarded by Moody’s was<br />
confirmed in September 2011.<br />
Bond<br />
2009/2013<br />
Bond<br />
2009/2016<br />
Bond<br />
2012/2017<br />
Issuer <strong>MAN</strong> SE <strong>MAN</strong> SE <strong>MAN</strong> SE<br />
Volume €1,000 million €500 million €750 million<br />
Date of issue 5/20/2009 5/20/2009 03/13/2012<br />
Term 4 years 7 years 5 years<br />
Coupon 5.375% 7.250% 2.125%<br />
Stock exchange listing Luxembourg Luxembourg Luxembourg<br />
ISIN XS0429607640 XS0181879650 XS0756457833<br />
German Securities<br />
A0ZYPG A0AART A1ML0A<br />
Code Number (WKN)<br />
Our ratings give the <strong>MAN</strong> Group better<br />
access to the capital markets and<br />
contribute to its financial flexibility.<br />
Long-term Short-term<br />
Standard<br />
A-/Stable A-2<br />
& Poor's<br />
Moody's A3/Stable P-2
Financial <strong>MAN</strong> Information Group 81<br />
Group Funding<br />
Maturity structure<br />
excl. asset based funding<br />
An extended maturity profile is the result of conservative financial<br />
policies.<br />
€ million<br />
Financing mix<br />
incl. asset based funding<br />
A diversified financing structure is the basis for the financial flexibility of<br />
the <strong>MAN</strong> Group.<br />
1500<br />
1200<br />
900<br />
1% 54%<br />
Bank loans Promissory note bond<br />
9%<br />
Bonds<br />
Public loans<br />
600<br />
Asset based<br />
funding<br />
Bank loans<br />
300<br />
25%<br />
Promissory note<br />
bond<br />
0<br />
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018+<br />
11%<br />
Bonds<br />
Public loans
Financial <strong>MAN</strong> Information Group 82<br />
Free cash flow<br />
€ million<br />
2,000<br />
1,683<br />
1,500<br />
1,053<br />
1,000<br />
500<br />
0<br />
-119<br />
-500<br />
-570<br />
-1,000<br />
-1,122<br />
-1,500<br />
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011<br />
Financial Management<br />
Cash flow<br />
Free cash flow in 2011:<br />
Negative free cash flow due to growth<br />
Free cash flow in the Commercial Vehicles business<br />
<strong>are</strong>a totaled €-339 million<br />
Free cash flow in the Power Engineering business<br />
<strong>are</strong>a amounted to €270 million<br />
Industrial Business<br />
Financial Services<br />
€ million 2011 2010 2011 2010<br />
Net liquidity/net financial debt at beginning of period 80 -822 -1,858 -1,812<br />
Cash earnings 1,090 861 4 -46<br />
Net cash provided by/used in operating activities 964 1,502 -446 -75<br />
Net cash provided by/used in investing activities -631 -388 -6 14<br />
Free cash flow 333 1,114 -452 -61<br />
Net liquidity/net financial debt at end of period 42 80 -2,254 -1,858<br />
To obtain a more meaningful analysis<br />
of the Group’s financial position, the<br />
figures <strong>are</strong> classified into the Industrial<br />
Business and Financial Services.<br />
Financial Services relates to <strong>MAN</strong><br />
Finance’s sales financing activities,<br />
primarily involving the leasing of<br />
commercial vehicles to customers.
Financial <strong>MAN</strong> Information Group 83<br />
Capital Expenditures<br />
Safeguarding the future and growth of <strong>MAN</strong><br />
Capital expenditure<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> Truck & Bus<br />
• New production facility in St. Petersburg<br />
€ million<br />
€ million<br />
• Enlargement of the logistics center in Salzgitter<br />
800<br />
800<br />
750<br />
• Expansion of the sales and service network<br />
700<br />
600<br />
500<br />
400<br />
300<br />
200<br />
100<br />
0<br />
5<br />
156<br />
235<br />
Property, plant, and equipment, and<br />
investment property<br />
Intangible assets<br />
Investments<br />
70<br />
246<br />
355<br />
2010 2011<br />
700<br />
600<br />
500<br />
400<br />
300<br />
200<br />
100<br />
490<br />
399 395<br />
621<br />
0<br />
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011<br />
Like-for-like data for all years, excluding discontinued<br />
operations.<br />
2007 to 2009 excluding acquisition of Scania sh<strong>are</strong>s,<br />
2009 and 2010 excluding acquisition of <strong>MAN</strong> Latin<br />
America and Sinotruk, 2011 excluding acquisition of additional<br />
interest in EURO-Leasing.<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> Latin America<br />
• Changeover to the Euro V emission standard<br />
• Resende production site to expand capacity and<br />
leverage potential synergies with <strong>MAN</strong> Truck & Bus<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> Diesel & Turbo<br />
• Future emission standards for Engines & Marine<br />
Systems<br />
• Commencement of operation in May 2011 for<br />
the second expansion phase at the Changzhou<br />
production facilities in China<br />
Renk<br />
• Expansion of the Augsburg high-bay w<strong>are</strong>house
Financial <strong>MAN</strong> Information Group 84<br />
Financial Control Measures<br />
Assessing <strong>MAN</strong>’s performance goals<br />
The key financial control measures in the <strong>MAN</strong> Group <strong>are</strong> defined as return on sales (ROS), which is the ratio of<br />
operating profit to revenue, and return on capital employed (ROCE), which is the ratio of operating profit to annual<br />
average capital employed.<br />
Target returns<br />
(average business cycle)*<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> Group<br />
ROS of 8.5% over a business<br />
cycle and a ROCE that exceeds the<br />
weighted cost of capital of<br />
10%.<br />
Commercial Vehicles<br />
The target ROS is 8.5%.<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> Group ROS<br />
%<br />
11.6<br />
12 11.0<br />
10<br />
8<br />
6<br />
4.2<br />
4<br />
7.1<br />
9.0<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> Group ROCE<br />
%<br />
50<br />
40.2<br />
40<br />
31.9<br />
30<br />
20<br />
17.4<br />
24.4<br />
Power Engineering<br />
The target ROS is 9.0%.<br />
2<br />
10<br />
7.9<br />
0<br />
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011<br />
* A bandwidth of +/–2 percentage points has been defined for all specified ROS figures.<br />
0<br />
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Financial <strong>MAN</strong> Information Group 85<br />
Investor Relations<br />
Financial calender<br />
Date<br />
Event<br />
July 31, 2012 Report on the first half of 2012<br />
October 30, 2012 Report on the third quarter of 2012<br />
June 6, 2013 Annual General Meeting for fiscal 2012<br />
Furthermore, <strong>MAN</strong> Investor Relations regularly attends conferences<br />
and holds roadshows.<br />
Scan the QR code to find comprehensive information<br />
on <strong>MAN</strong> sh<strong>are</strong>s, financial publications, and all IR’s<br />
services on <strong>MAN</strong>’s Investor Relations website:
Financial <strong>MAN</strong> Information Group 86<br />
Investor Relations<br />
Contacts<br />
Helga Würtele<br />
Head of Investor Relations<br />
+ 49. 89. 36098-334<br />
helga.wuertele@man.eu<br />
Thomas Paschen<br />
IR Manager<br />
+ 49. 89. 36098-574<br />
thomas.paschen@man.eu<br />
Eva-Marie Baum<br />
IR Media and Events<br />
+ 49. 89. 36098-398<br />
eva-marie.baum@man.eu<br />
Beate Ehring<br />
IR Assistant<br />
+ 49. 89. 36098-499<br />
beate.ehring@man.eu<br />
Publisher:<br />
<strong>MAN</strong> SE<br />
Investor Relations<br />
Ungererstr. 69<br />
80805 Munich<br />
Version: May 2012