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<strong>We</strong> <strong>are</strong><br />

<strong>MAN</strong>.<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> Factbook 2012<br />

May 2012<br />

Engineering the Future – since 1758.<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> SE


<strong>MAN</strong> Group 2<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> at a Glance<br />

€ million<br />

Q1<br />

2012<br />

Total<br />

2011<br />

Order intake 4,368 17,145 4,208 4,096 4,411 4,430 15,072<br />

Revenue 3,845 16,472 4,472 4,034 4,242 3,724 14,675<br />

Order backlog 1 7,105 6,640 6,640 7,477 7,642 7,551 7,025<br />

Headcount 1, 2 54,802 52,542 52,542 53,284 52,255 50,215 47,669<br />

Q4<br />

2011<br />

Q3<br />

2011<br />

Q2<br />

2011<br />

Q1<br />

2011<br />

Total<br />

2010<br />

Operating profit 253 1,483 400 321 437 325 1,035<br />

Earnings per sh<strong>are</strong> from continuing operations in € 0.86 4.62 -2.29 1.13 1.95 3.83 5.30<br />

Earnings/loss before interest and taxes (EBIT) 225 1,256 -237 293 412 788 1,283<br />

ROS (%) 6.6 9.0 8.9 8.0 10.3 8.7 7.1<br />

ROCE (%) 16.0 24.4 27.8 20.9 27.7 21.4 17.4<br />

Cash earnings 222 1,094 74 279 469 272 815<br />

Net cash provided by operating activities -105 518 361 13 125 19 1,427<br />

Net cash used in investing activities -654 -637 -259 -141 -171 -66 -374<br />

Free cash flow -759 -119 102 -128 -46 -47 1,053<br />

Net financial debt 1 -3,016 -2,212 -2,212 -2,324 -2,164 -1,833 -1,778<br />

Total equity 1 6,128 5,590 5,590 5,700 6,341 6,317 5,990<br />

1 As of the reporting date.<br />

2<br />

Including subcontracted employees.


<strong>MAN</strong> Group 3<br />

9<br />

Group Order<br />

Situation<br />

18<br />

BRIC Strategy<br />

01/ <strong>MAN</strong> Group<br />

2 <strong>MAN</strong> at a Glance<br />

4 About <strong>MAN</strong><br />

6 Management Board<br />

7 Corporate Strategy<br />

9 Key Figures<br />

11 Corporate Responsibility<br />

13 Leadership Culture<br />

02/ Business Areas<br />

14 Commercial Vehicles<br />

24 <strong>MAN</strong> Truck & Bus<br />

36 <strong>MAN</strong> Latin America<br />

48 Power Engineering<br />

50 <strong>MAN</strong> Diesel & Turbo<br />

68 Renk<br />

03/ <strong>MAN</strong> Financial Information<br />

77 Basic Sh<strong>are</strong> Information<br />

78 Sh<strong>are</strong>holder Structure and Dividend Policy<br />

79 <strong>MAN</strong> as an Investment<br />

80 Ratings and Bonds<br />

81 Group Funding<br />

82 Financial Management<br />

84 Financial Control Measures<br />

21 - 23<br />

Commercial<br />

Vehicles: Market<br />

Potential<br />

55 - 56<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> Diesel &<br />

Turbo: Products<br />

and Services<br />

79<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> as an<br />

Investment<br />

04/ Investor Relations<br />

85 Financial Calendar<br />

86 Investor Relations Contacts


<strong>MAN</strong> Group 4<br />

About <strong>MAN</strong><br />

Engineering the Future<br />

Headquartered in<br />

Munich<br />

254-year history<br />

Focus on transportation<br />

and<br />

energy<br />

Around 52,500<br />

employees in 150<br />

countries<br />

The <strong>MAN</strong> Group is one of Europe’s leading industrial players<br />

in transport-related engineering, with revenue of approximately<br />

€16.5 billion in 2011. As a supplier of trucks,<br />

buses, diesel engines, turbomachinery, and special gear<br />

units, <strong>MAN</strong> employs approximately 52,500 people worldwide.<br />

Its divisions hold leading positions in their respective<br />

markets.<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> SE, Munich, is listed in the Dax equity index, which<br />

comprises Germany’s thirty leading stock corporations.<br />

Leading positions<br />

in all our markets<br />

Represented on<br />

all five continents


<strong>MAN</strong> Group 5<br />

About <strong>MAN</strong><br />

<strong>MAN</strong> has moved. For more than 250 years<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> SE<br />

Business<br />

Areas<br />

Divisions<br />

Commercial Vehicles (CV)<br />

<strong>MAN</strong><br />

Truck & Bus<br />

Revenue 2011:<br />

€9.0 bn<br />

<strong>MAN</strong><br />

Latin America<br />

Revenue 2011:<br />

€3.6 bn<br />

<strong>MAN</strong><br />

Diesel & Turbo<br />

Revenue 2011:<br />

€3.6 bn<br />

Power Engineering (PE)<br />

Renk<br />

(76%)<br />

Revenue 2011:<br />

€0.4 bn<br />

Investments<br />

Sinotruk 25% + 1 sh<strong>are</strong>, Scania 17.4% voting rights<br />

1758 1787<br />

Foundation of<br />

the St. Antony<br />

Ironworks,<br />

predecessor<br />

of the<br />

"Gutehoffnungshütte"<br />

(GHH)/<strong>MAN</strong><br />

GHH<br />

becomes<br />

Germany’s<br />

first railroad<br />

track manufacturer<br />

1888<br />

First German<br />

triple-expansion<br />

steam<br />

engine<br />

1897<br />

World’s first<br />

diesel engine<br />

1903<br />

First fastrunning<br />

fourstroke<br />

diesel<br />

ship engine<br />

and world's<br />

first steam<br />

turbine and<br />

first largebore<br />

diesel<br />

engine power<br />

plant<br />

1923<br />

First diesel<br />

vehicle engine<br />

with direct<br />

fuel injection<br />

1971<br />

Participation<br />

in launch<br />

of vehicle<br />

astronautics<br />

project<br />

2000<br />

Trucknology®<br />

Generation<br />

truck series<br />

and use<br />

of first<br />

large-bore<br />

electronically<br />

controlled<br />

diesel engine<br />

2001<br />

First hybriddrive<br />

city bus<br />

2006<br />

Development<br />

and construction<br />

of world's<br />

largest screw<br />

compressor<br />

2011 2012<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> TGX<br />

18.400<br />

named<br />

“Green Truck<br />

2011”<br />

IAA Commercial<br />

Vehicles<br />

Show in September<br />

2012:<br />

Euro VI truck<br />

engines will<br />

be unveiled


<strong>MAN</strong> Group 6<br />

Management Board<br />

Frank H. Lutz<br />

Chief Financial<br />

Officer of <strong>MAN</strong> SE<br />

Antonio R. Cortes<br />

President of<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> Latin America<br />

Dr. René Umlauft<br />

Chief Executive Officer of<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> Diesel & Turbo SE<br />

Dr.- Ing. Georg Pachta-Reyhofen<br />

Chief Executive Officer of <strong>MAN</strong> SE<br />

and of <strong>MAN</strong> Truck & Bus AG<br />

Jörg Schwitalla<br />

Chief Human<br />

Resources Officer of <strong>MAN</strong> SE


<strong>MAN</strong> Group 7<br />

Corporate Strategy<br />

Leveraging global opportunities<br />

Our Vision<br />

The best people, customer orientation, as well as superior technology and services will make us number one in<br />

commercial vehicles and power engineering.<br />

Our corporate strategy aims to create sustainable value.<br />

Focus on transportation and energy<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> focuses on market segments with sustainable global growth opportunities in the fields<br />

of commercial vehicles and power engineering.<br />

Profitable international growth<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> operates on all five continents and relies on a comprehensive internationalization<br />

strategy as the prerequisite for sustainable, profitable growth.<br />

Customer orientation<br />

The <strong>MAN</strong> Group places its customers’ requirements and expectations at the center of its<br />

corporate strategy. Our products and the services that accompany them throughout their<br />

entire life cycle <strong>are</strong> nothing less than high quality.<br />

Focus on after-sales business<br />

Service and after-sales concepts tailored to customers’ requirements <strong>are</strong> an essential<br />

element in the <strong>MAN</strong> strategy.<br />

Technology leadership<br />

Technology leadership is a strategic success factor for <strong>MAN</strong>. <strong>We</strong> recognize future<br />

requirements early on and competently transform these into new, pioneering solutions.


<strong>MAN</strong> Group 8<br />

Strategic Objective<br />

Technology leadership<br />

€ million<br />

2011 2010<br />

R&D expenditures 740 626<br />

R&D expenditures of the manufacturing <strong>are</strong>as<br />

(% of revenue)<br />

4.5 4.3<br />

Internally funded R&D 565 469<br />

R&D employees (annual average) 4,443 3,944<br />

R&D expenditures<br />

€ million € million<br />

800<br />

700<br />

600<br />

500<br />

400<br />

433<br />

493 504<br />

626<br />

740<br />

R&D expenditures by business<br />

<strong>are</strong>a (2011)*<br />

800<br />

700<br />

600<br />

500<br />

400<br />

403<br />

345<br />

740<br />

Innovation is one key to remaining<br />

competitive over the long term. This is<br />

why <strong>MAN</strong> invests over 4% of its annual<br />

revenue in R&D.<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> has been writing innovation history for more than<br />

250 years. The <strong>MAN</strong> Group invests in its future, keeping<br />

expenditure for developing innovative products of high<br />

customer value and for improving production at a consistently<br />

high level. Our ability to constantly pioneer and<br />

evolve has made us a front-runner in the transportation<br />

and energy industry.<br />

300<br />

300<br />

200<br />

100<br />

0<br />

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011<br />

* <strong>MAN</strong> Group incl. Others/Consolidation.<br />

200<br />

100<br />

0<br />

Commercial<br />

Vehicles<br />

Power<br />

Engineering<br />

<strong>MAN</strong><br />

Group<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> is mainly focusing on:<br />

• Reducing emissions<br />

• Reducing consumption<br />

• Alternative drive concepts<br />

• Alternative fuels


<strong>MAN</strong> Group 9<br />

Key Figures<br />

Group order situation<br />

Order intake<br />

Order intake by business <strong>are</strong>a<br />

2011 order intake by region<br />

€ million<br />

€ million %<br />

20,000<br />

15,000<br />

17,818<br />

14,033<br />

15,072<br />

17,145<br />

20,000<br />

15,000<br />

4,148<br />

30<br />

25<br />

21<br />

26<br />

24<br />

4,000<br />

20<br />

9,860<br />

10,000<br />

10,000<br />

15<br />

13<br />

11,163<br />

13,093<br />

10<br />

11<br />

5,000<br />

5,000<br />

5<br />

4<br />

1<br />

0<br />

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011<br />

0<br />

2010 2011<br />

Commercial Vehicles Power Engineering<br />

0<br />

Germany<br />

Other EU<br />

countries<br />

Other European<br />

countries<br />

Asia<br />

Americas<br />

Africa<br />

Australia &<br />

Oceania


<strong>MAN</strong> Group 10<br />

Key Figures<br />

Group revenue situation<br />

Revenue<br />

Revenue by business <strong>are</strong>a<br />

2011 revenue by region<br />

€ million<br />

€ million %<br />

20,000<br />

20,000<br />

5,000<br />

15,000<br />

14,063 14,945 12,026<br />

14,675<br />

16,472<br />

15,000<br />

3,999<br />

4,000<br />

21<br />

25<br />

25<br />

4,169<br />

3,000<br />

10,000<br />

10,000<br />

13<br />

12,563<br />

2,000<br />

11<br />

5,000<br />

5,000<br />

10,586<br />

1,000<br />

4<br />

1<br />

0<br />

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011<br />

0<br />

2010 2011<br />

Commercial Vehicles Power Engineering<br />

0<br />

Germany<br />

Other EU<br />

countries<br />

Other European<br />

countries<br />

Asia<br />

Americas<br />

Africa<br />

Australia &<br />

Oceania


<strong>MAN</strong> Group 11<br />

Corporate Responsibility<br />

CR principles<br />

<strong>MAN</strong>’s CR strategy<br />

Corporate responsibility is part of the corporate and leadership culture<br />

at <strong>MAN</strong> and drives our vision. <strong>We</strong> <strong>are</strong> committed to sustainable value<br />

creation, which for us means long-term economic value combined with<br />

a strong sense of responsibility towards the environment and all of our<br />

stakeholders – whether they be employees, customers, investors, or society<br />

at large. As a result, our stakeholders will reward us with strong sales<br />

and lasting trust.<br />

Reliable, innovative, dynamic and open<br />

Our four corporate values <strong>are</strong> the pillars of our corporate<br />

responsibility activities. They guide our CR strategy and<br />

initiatives and shape our communications with all of our<br />

stakeholders.<br />

Employee aw<strong>are</strong>ness<br />

Our employees live up to the principles of corporate responsibility<br />

in their day-to-day work and act as CR ambassadors.<br />

Product responsibility<br />

Given the nature of our product and service portfolio we<br />

have a special responsibility towards the environment.<br />

Environmental c<strong>are</strong> and safety form integral parts of our<br />

CR strategy and programs.<br />

Stakeholder dialog<br />

Intensive dialog with all of our stakeholder groups ensures<br />

that we understand their expectations and enables the<br />

continuous development of our CR strategy and programs.


<strong>MAN</strong> Group 12<br />

Corporate Responsibility<br />

<strong>MAN</strong>’s climate strategy<br />

Acknowledge responsibility<br />

The transportation and energy sectors<br />

<strong>are</strong> contributing to climate change to<br />

an ever-greater extent.<br />

Commitment<br />

Our target: reduce our own CO 2<br />

emissions by 25% by 2020 (baseline:<br />

2008).<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> sustainability ratings<br />

Climate change is among the greatest challenges<br />

to humanity. <strong>MAN</strong> is fully aw<strong>are</strong> of<br />

and acknowledges its responsibility to contribute<br />

to reducing the global carbon footprint<br />

of the transportation and energy sector.<br />

Dilemma and approach<br />

The interaction between our own<br />

product development, our suppliers,<br />

legislation, and our customers and their<br />

customers is complex.<br />

Vision<br />

By 2020, our aim is to be recognized as<br />

one of the industry players to have dealt<br />

with the challenges of climate change<br />

the best.<br />

Rating agency Index Rating<br />

Dow Jones Sustainability 64 out of 100 points, not<br />

Sustainable Asset Management (SAM)<br />

Indexes<br />

listed<br />

Carbon Disclosure Leadership 73 out of 100 points, listed for<br />

Carbon Disclosure Project (CDP)<br />

Index (CDLI)<br />

the second time in a row<br />

oekom research - Prime C+<br />

Sustainalytics - 15 th out of 82<br />

Scan the QR code to<br />

learn more about <strong>MAN</strong>,<br />

corporate responsibility<br />

and find <strong>MAN</strong>’s latest<br />

CR Report:


<strong>MAN</strong> Group 13<br />

Leadership Culture<br />

Talent management<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> rated as top employer internationally:<br />

Headcount*<br />

An independent study conducted by the CRF Institute named<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> Truck & Bus “Top employer Germany” in 2011.<br />

For the second time in a row, <strong>MAN</strong> Latin America was honored<br />

as a Great Place to Work by the Great Place to Work Institute<br />

of Brazil in 2011.<br />

No.<br />

2011 2010<br />

Germany 30,187 27,354<br />

Other countries 22,355 20,315<br />

Other countries in % 43 43<br />

Total 52,542 47,669<br />

Employee commitment and performance is key to the<br />

success of a company – and the foundation for this is<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> Group’s corporate and leadership culture, which<br />

is clearly oriented towards <strong>MAN</strong>’s corporate values and<br />

vision.<br />

The “Personalities Wanted” employer branding campaign<br />

positions <strong>MAN</strong> as an attractive employer internationally<br />

in order to continue to recruit qualified employees in the<br />

future.<br />

<strong>MAN</strong>’s leadership culture focuses on four<br />

specific leadership qualities:<br />

competence, transp<strong>are</strong>ncy, commitment,<br />

and behavior.<br />

Scan the QR code to learn more about<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> as a top employer and interact<br />

with us on Facebook:<br />

* Including subcontracted employees as of December 31.


Staying in the<br />

black while going<br />

green?<br />

<strong>We</strong> <strong>are</strong> your <strong>MAN</strong>.<br />

Commercial Vehicles 14<br />

Commercial<br />

Vehicles<br />

Engineering the Future –<br />

since 1758.<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> Group


Commercial <strong>MAN</strong> Vehicles Group 15<br />

Commercial Vehicles<br />

Internationalization with focus on BRIC countries<br />

Multi-brand strategy<br />

Development of a global truck portfolio, including a new light range<br />

Bus product portfolio including a chassis for global use<br />

Focus on transportation efficiency, in particular on hybrid technology<br />

Cooperation with Volkswagen Group and Scania among other things<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> Truck & Bus (MTB)<br />

MTB is the largest <strong>MAN</strong> Group company and is<br />

a leading supplier of commercial vehicles and<br />

transportation solutions.<br />

• Trucks with a gross vehicle weight of 7.5 t to 44 t (GVW)<br />

• Heavy special-purpose vehicles with a gross<br />

train weight of up to 250 t<br />

• City and intercity buses, coaches, and bus<br />

chassis<br />

• Industrial, marine, and on- and off-road engines<br />

• End-to-end passenger transportation and goods<br />

transportation services<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> Latin America (ML)<br />

ML is the largest truck manufacturer in Latin America. It<br />

leads the truck market in Brazil and is a leading supplier of<br />

commercial vehicles and bus chassis for growth markets,<br />

with one of the most advanced production facilities<br />

worldwide for trucks and buses.<br />

• Trucks with a gross combined weight from 5 t to 74 t<br />

(GCW) for all uses<br />

• Bus chassis from 5 t to 26 t for all applications,<br />

including articulated


Commercial <strong>MAN</strong> Vehicles Group 16<br />

Production Sites<br />

Global reach<br />

Germany<br />

Munich<br />

Heavy trucks, cabs, and driven<br />

axles<br />

Salzgitter<br />

Heavy trucks, bus chassis, and<br />

components<br />

Nuremberg<br />

Engines<br />

Poland<br />

Cracow<br />

Heavy trucks<br />

Poznan<br />

City buses, and bus chassis<br />

Starachowice<br />

Body in white bus<br />

Russia<br />

St. Petersburg*<br />

Heavy trucks<br />

Turkey<br />

Ankara<br />

Coaches, and city buses<br />

Plauen<br />

Premium coaches, doubledecker<br />

buses, and coaches<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> Truck & Bus<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> Latin America<br />

Cooperation partners &<br />

joint ventures<br />

Mexico, Querétaro<br />

Trucks, and buses<br />

Austria<br />

Steyr<br />

Light /medium trucks,<br />

and cabs<br />

Vienna<br />

RMMV<br />

Special-purpose<br />

vehicles<br />

China, Jinan<br />

Sinotruk Ltd.<br />

Heavy trucks<br />

Headcount**<br />

No. 2011 2010<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> Truck & Bus 34,239 31,284<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> Latin America 1,915 1,736<br />

* Start of production (SOP) set for 2012.<br />

** Including subcontracted employees as of December 31.<br />

Brazil, Resende<br />

Heavy/medium/light trucks, and<br />

bus chassis<br />

South Africa<br />

Olifantsfontein<br />

Buses<br />

Pinetown<br />

Trucks, and bus chassis<br />

India, Pithampur<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> Trucks India Pvt. Ltd.<br />

Heavy trucks


Commercial <strong>MAN</strong> Vehicles Group 17<br />

Commercial Vehicles<br />

Cooperation<br />

vW Group<br />

Sinotruk (25% + 1 sh<strong>are</strong>)<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> Trucks India Pvt. Ltd.<br />

Capital: 71.1%<br />

Voting rights: 73.0%<br />

as of April 12, 2012<br />

• Cooperation with the VW Group will boost<br />

<strong>MAN</strong>’s growth trajectory and will further<br />

expand our position as one of the world’s<br />

leading transport-related engineering players<br />

• New opportunities: bundling of purchase<br />

volumes to generate synergies, quicker<br />

solutions by working together in research<br />

and development, sharing experience about<br />

successful growth in emerging economies<br />

and complementing the product range of<br />

each other<br />

Capital: 49.3%<br />

Voting rights: 71.8%<br />

Capital: 13.3%<br />

Voting rights: 17.4%<br />

• <strong>MAN</strong> has an interest of 25% + 1 sh<strong>are</strong><br />

in Sinotruk, which is part of the China<br />

National Heavy Duty Truck<br />

Group Co., Ltd. (CNHTC)<br />

• Sinotruk is one of the leading Chinese<br />

heavy truck manufacturers, providing<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> with a strong presence in China<br />

• Takeover of the joint venture in India<br />

• Before closing: 50%/50% joint<br />

venture <strong>MAN</strong> Force Truck Pvt. Ltd.<br />

• Since closing on March 28, 2012<br />

renaming into <strong>MAN</strong> Trucks India Pvt.<br />

Ltd. and now a subsidiary of<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> Truck & Bus<br />

• CLA series: heavy trucks upwards<br />

of 16 t


Commercial <strong>MAN</strong> Vehicles Group 18<br />

Commercial Vehicles<br />

BRIC strategy<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> has strategically expanded its international presence. This minimizes the risks associated with the economic<br />

fluctuation of individual markets and regions, for instance. Demand will remain high in emerging economies over<br />

the coming years, providing further growth impetus. <strong>MAN</strong>’s priority will continue to be driving forward the BRIC<br />

strategy.<br />

Brazil Russia/CIS India<br />

China<br />

• <strong>MAN</strong> TGX: sales started in<br />

Q1 2012<br />

• In 2012 localization of <strong>MAN</strong> D08<br />

engine in Brazil<br />

• <strong>MAN</strong> Latin America plans<br />

expansion of its facilities<br />

(investing approx. €400 million<br />

by 2016)<br />

• Strong position: 2011 MTB<br />

again market leader among<br />

European manufacturers<br />

• New production plant in<br />

St. Petersburg, with SOP set for<br />

2012<br />

• CKD assembly in Uzbekistan,<br />

with SOP in Q2 2012<br />

• Restructuring of business<br />

activities following <strong>MAN</strong>’s<br />

takeover of the joint venture<br />

• Investments in production in<br />

Pithampur (cab shell, paint<br />

shop, etc.) and sales (dealer<br />

and service network)<br />

• Production and sale of the<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> CLA in and outside of the<br />

Indian market to be driven<br />

• <strong>MAN</strong> is licensing its TGA<br />

truck technology to<br />

Sinotruk (incl. engines,<br />

vehicle chassis, and axles)<br />

• The partnership combines<br />

<strong>MAN</strong>’s progressive technology<br />

and expertise with Sinotruk’s<br />

existing production facilities,<br />

local knowledge, and extensive<br />

Chinese sales network<br />

solely by <strong>MAN</strong>


Commercial <strong>MAN</strong> Vehicles Group 19<br />

Commercial Vehicles<br />

Multi-brand strategy<br />

• Core market: Europe<br />

• <strong>MAN</strong>: premium segment<br />

• <strong>MAN</strong> CLA: upper low segment<br />

• <strong>MAN</strong> buses: city buses, chassis,<br />

coaches<br />

• Core market: Europe<br />

• Premium coach brand<br />

• Extensive modernization<br />

of NEOPLAN plant<br />

in Plauen, completion<br />

planned in 2013<br />

• Core market: Latin America<br />

• Premium/upper budget<br />

segment<br />

• Core market: China and<br />

later other Asian countries,<br />

Africa, the Middle East, and<br />

the CIS region<br />

• Budget segment


Commercial <strong>MAN</strong> Vehicles Group 20<br />

Challenges Facing Transportation<br />

Emission standards<br />

All new commercial vehicles registered in Europe from January 1, 2014, must comply with the Euro VI emission<br />

standard.<br />

Today Euro III is the prevalent emission norm from a global perspective. However, this will soon change with China<br />

switching to Euro IV in 2012.<br />

After 2015 only marginal volumes of trucks with Euro III or below will be marketed. The majority of trucks will then<br />

have Euro V or higher (given that China introduces Euro V in 2015).<br />

Overview of emission standards worldwide<br />

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018<br />

EU 27 Euro IV Euro V Euro VI 1<br />

The challenge facing the transportation industry is<br />

Brazil<br />

Euro III Euro V 2 Euro VI 3<br />

to reduce energy consumption per ton of goods<br />

Russia Euro II Euro III Euro IV 4<br />

transported and to develop drive systems that<br />

Euro V<br />

increasingly run on non-fossil and renewable fuels<br />

India Euro II Euro III 5 Euro IV 5<br />

in the future.<br />

China<br />

Euro II<br />

Euro III<br />

Euro IV<br />

Euro V 6<br />

= China II<br />

= China III<br />

= China IV<br />

1 New truck types: 2013.<br />

2 Euro IV should have started in January 2009, but it was not introduced.<br />

3 Estimated timeline.<br />

4 Only import of Euro IV vehicles except Euro III with vehicle type approval before Dec. 31, 2009.<br />

5 Delhi and 10 cities: 2009 = Euro III; 2010 = Euro IV; 2016 = Euro V.<br />

6 Schedule for Euro V tentative and subject to change according to previous experience. Source: <strong>MAN</strong> Sales Business Intelligence (SBI) Report


Commercial <strong>MAN</strong> Vehicles Group 21<br />

European truck & bus market forecast<br />

as of Feb. 2012*<br />

Units sales (thousand)<br />

500<br />

Market Potential<br />

Europe and Brazil<br />

Brazilian truck & bus market forecast<br />

as of Feb. 2012<br />

Unit sales (thousand)<br />

250<br />

400<br />

200<br />

300<br />

150<br />

200<br />

100<br />

100<br />

0<br />

2010 2015 2020<br />

Trucks<br />

> 6 t GVW<br />

Bus<br />

> 8 t GVW<br />

50<br />

0<br />

2010 2015 2020<br />

Trucks<br />

> 6 t GVW<br />

Bus<br />

> 8 t GVW<br />

2011 market sh<strong>are</strong> trucks > 6 t*<br />

2011 market sh<strong>are</strong> trucks > 5 t<br />

18%<br />

9%<br />

30%<br />

22%<br />

13%<br />

14%<br />

11%<br />

22%<br />

<strong>MAN</strong><br />

Mercedes-Benz<br />

Scania<br />

DAF<br />

Volvo<br />

Others<br />

8%<br />

18%<br />

11%<br />

24%<br />

<strong>MAN</strong><br />

Mercedes-Benz<br />

Volvo<br />

Ford<br />

Scania<br />

Others<br />

* Europe excl. Turkey and Bulgaria.<br />

Source: <strong>MAN</strong> Truck & Bus Registration Report/<strong>MAN</strong> Latin America Registration Report


Commercial <strong>MAN</strong> Vehicles Group 22<br />

Russian truck & bus market forecast<br />

as of Feb. 2012<br />

Units sales (thousand)<br />

200<br />

350<br />

Market Potential<br />

Russia and India<br />

Indian truck & bus market forecast<br />

as of Feb. 2012<br />

Unit sales (thousand)<br />

300<br />

150<br />

250<br />

100<br />

200<br />

150<br />

50<br />

0<br />

2010 2015 2020<br />

2011 market sh<strong>are</strong> trucks > 6 t<br />

12%<br />

<strong>MAN</strong><br />

URAL<br />

GAZ<br />

32%<br />

11% MAZ<br />

KAMAZ<br />

31%<br />

Others<br />

Trucks<br />

> 6 t GVW<br />

Bus<br />

> 8 t GVW<br />

100<br />

50<br />

0<br />

2011 market sh<strong>are</strong> trucks > 12 t<br />

25%<br />

2010 2015 2020<br />

3% 2%1% 65%<br />

4%<br />

<strong>MAN</strong><br />

Tata Motors<br />

Ashok Leyland<br />

Asia Motor Works<br />

VE Eicher<br />

Others<br />

Trucks<br />

> 12 t GVW<br />

Bus<br />

> 8 t GVW<br />

Source: <strong>MAN</strong> Truck & Bus Registration Report


Commercial <strong>MAN</strong> Vehicles Group 23<br />

Market Potential<br />

China<br />

Chinese truck & bus market forecast<br />

as of Feb. 2012<br />

Unit Sales (thousand)<br />

1200<br />

1000<br />

800<br />

600<br />

400<br />

200<br />

0<br />

2010 2015 2020<br />

2011 market sh<strong>are</strong> trucks > 14 t<br />

16%<br />

Trucks<br />

> 14 t GVW<br />

Bus<br />

> 8 t GVW<br />

21%<br />

21%<br />

18%<br />

12%<br />

12%<br />

CNHTC<br />

Beijing Automotive<br />

<strong>We</strong>ichai<br />

FAW<br />

Dongfeng<br />

Others<br />

Source: IHS Global Insight


Doing something<br />

about rocketing fuel<br />

prices?<br />

<strong>We</strong> <strong>are</strong> your <strong>MAN</strong>.<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> Truck <strong>MAN</strong> & Group Bus 24<br />

<strong>MAN</strong><br />

Truck & Bus<br />

Engineering the Future –<br />

since 1758.<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> Group


<strong>MAN</strong> Truck <strong>MAN</strong> & Group Bus 25<br />

Executive Board<br />

Dr.-Ing. Georg<br />

Pachta-Reyhofen<br />

Chief Executive Officer<br />

Jörg Astalosch<br />

Chief Financial Officer<br />

Controlling<br />

Bernd Maierhofer<br />

Chief Technical Officer<br />

R&D and Purchasing<br />

Dr. Carsten Intra<br />

Production & Logistics<br />

Frank Hiller<br />

Marketing, Sales &<br />

Services


<strong>MAN</strong> Truck <strong>MAN</strong> & Group Bus 26<br />

Products<br />

Broad product portfolio<br />

Trucks Buses Engines & Components Service<br />

• Heavy series:<br />

TGS, TGX, TGX V8, and<br />

TGX Efficient Line<br />

18 – 41 t GVW<br />

• Light / medium series:<br />

TGL, and TGM<br />

7.5 – 26 t GVW<br />

• Specialized trucks:<br />

TGS WW, military vehicles, and<br />

• <strong>MAN</strong>: Buses for business<br />

Lion’s Coach, Lion’s Regio,<br />

Lion’s City, and Lion’s City GL<br />

• <strong>MAN</strong> Lion’s City Hybrid<br />

• NEOPLAN: VIP Class<br />

Skyliner, Starliner, Cityliner,<br />

and Tourliner<br />

• Chassis<br />

• Vehicle/industrial engines<br />

37 kW (50 hp) to 1,324 kW<br />

(1,800 hp). There <strong>are</strong> 4- and<br />

6-cylinder in-line units, and<br />

8- and 12-cylinder V engines<br />

• Axles<br />

Driving and non-driven axles<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> I Service<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> I Support<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> I Finance<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> I TopUsed<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> I Rental<br />

special-purpose vehicles<br />

• Export series: Cargo Line A (CLA),<br />

and SITRAK T7H


<strong>MAN</strong> Truck <strong>MAN</strong> & Group Bus 27<br />

Strategic Objectives<br />

Profitable international growth<br />

Internationalization<br />

Customer orientation<br />

Operational excellence<br />

Innovation<br />

• Strengthen position in home<br />

market Europe<br />

• Exploit market potential in<br />

BRIC and other growth<br />

markets<br />

• Implement a holistic<br />

customer orientation approach<br />

with <strong>MAN</strong>/NEOPLAN<br />

• Provide integrated transport<br />

business solutions<br />

• Concentration on core competencies<br />

• Optimization of vertical and<br />

horizontal value chain<br />

• Focus on innovation leadership<br />

in selected fields<br />

• Strengthen new business<br />

concepts to increase customer<br />

value


<strong>MAN</strong> Truck <strong>MAN</strong> & Group Bus 28<br />

Innovative Technologies<br />

Euro VI<br />

Legal standards<br />

All new commercial vehicles registered in Europe from January 1, 2014, must comply with the Euro VI emission standard.<br />

To meet the Euro VI emission standard, the upper limit for exhaust gas particles must be cut by 98.6% comp<strong>are</strong>d<br />

with the Euro 0 emission standard introduced in 1990; nitrogen oxides (NOx) must be reduced by 97.2%.<br />

Manufacturers <strong>are</strong> responsible for ensuring that the required exhaust gas emission limits of their commercial vehicles<br />

<strong>are</strong> actually complied with for at least 700,000 km or seven years.<br />

Particulate matter emission limits<br />

g/kWh<br />

0.40<br />

0.35<br />

0.30<br />

0.25<br />

0.20<br />

0.15<br />

0.10<br />

Nitrogen oxide limits<br />

g/kWh<br />

8<br />

7<br />

6<br />

5<br />

4<br />

3<br />

2<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> has already developed the solutions<br />

The two technologies necessary for the Euro VI emission<br />

standard – exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) and selective<br />

catalytic reduction (SCR) – have been successfully<br />

used at <strong>MAN</strong> in series production of commercial vehicles<br />

for several years now.<br />

• <strong>MAN</strong> presented the first Euro VI city buses at the<br />

2011 Busworld expo in Kortrijk<br />

• It will unveil the corresponding truck engines at the<br />

IAA Commercial Vehicles Show 2012 in Hanover<br />

0.05<br />

1<br />

0.00<br />

0<br />

Euro I II III IV V VI Euro I II III IV V VI<br />

Scan the QR code to learn more about<br />

legal requirements, Euro VI standards, and<br />

<strong>MAN</strong>’s innovative solutions:


<strong>MAN</strong> Truck <strong>MAN</strong> & Group Bus 29<br />

Innovative Technologies<br />

Alternative drive concepts<br />

Hybrid technology plays a fundamental role in further increasing efficiency and conserving resources, and will<br />

pave the way to e-mobility. <strong>MAN</strong> is one of the pioneers of hybrid drives for commercial vehicles. Its intelligent<br />

hybrid energy management system controls the flow of energy between the diesel and electric engines,<br />

battery, drive axle, and auxiliary units.<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> Lion’s City Hybrid<br />

• Uses up to 30% less fuel and produces correspondingly less CO 2<br />

than conventional diesel-powered city buses<br />

• On the market as a series vehicle since 2010 and has been<br />

successfully launched as a public service bus<br />

• 72 Lion’s City Hybrid buses ordered and 60 already delivered<br />

(January 2012)<br />

• Field tests in six cities (Munich, Paris, Barcelona, Vienna, Milan,<br />

Valencia) ongoing until October 2012<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> TGL 12.220 Hybrid<br />

• In the field since August 2011 and providing important empirical<br />

feedback for optimizing hybrid drives in delivery transportation<br />

• <strong>MAN</strong> anticipates that the widespread use of hybrid vehicles for<br />

urban delivery applications will deliver fuel savings of up to 15%<br />

• Start of small-scale series development in July 2011


<strong>MAN</strong> Truck <strong>MAN</strong> & Group Bus 30<br />

Transportation Efficiency<br />

Consistently efficient<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> TGX EfficientLine<br />

• Combines optimized air resistance and payload creating a<br />

commercially viable vehicle that meets current demands of long-<br />

distance transportation<br />

• Up to 3 liters less fuel consumed in long-distance transportation<br />

(proven by TÜV Süd, international press tests, and customer<br />

experience) translating in up to 10% less energy consumption per<br />

ton transported<br />

• 6,082 incoming orders* since its launch in October 2010<br />

• Named “Green Truck 2011”<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> Concept S study<br />

• Proposals to optimize the aerodynamics of the long distance<br />

vehicles of the future<br />

• <strong>MAN</strong> Concept S’s aerodynamic design alone allows it<br />

to consume up to 25% less fuel – when combined with<br />

an appropriately modified trailer – than a conventional 40-ton<br />

semitrailer tractor<br />

• Its implementation would require amending certain<br />

registration rules within the EU<br />

* EfficientLine vehicles and packages, as of February 1, 2012.


<strong>MAN</strong> Truck <strong>MAN</strong> & Group Bus 31<br />

Strategic Growth Market<br />

Development of external engine business<br />

The external engine business is an integral part of the <strong>MAN</strong> strategy. <strong>MAN</strong> is single-mindedly developing expertise<br />

in all sectors. The revenue target for 2018 is €750 million.<br />

Revenue development<br />

•<br />

€ million<br />

Expansion of sales and<br />

service network<br />

•<br />

•<br />

Rail<br />

Bus (components)<br />

• Delivery of 2,188 engines to Russian<br />

bus manufacturer LIAZ (subsidiary of<br />

• Production start-up of<br />

key projects<br />

•<br />

•<br />

Construction<br />

Agriculture<br />

Russia’s largest automotive group,<br />

GAZ Group)<br />

350<br />

300<br />

• High investments in new<br />

products<br />

•<br />

•<br />

Marine<br />

Power<br />

• World premiere at the AGRITECH-<br />

NIKA 2011: new V12 gas engine<br />

250<br />

200<br />

• Change in energy policy<br />

additionally bolstering the<br />

business<br />

boasting 550 kW<br />

150<br />

Dedicated The right engine for every application<br />

Customized The right emission technology for every market<br />

Innovative <strong>MAN</strong> engines and their technology<br />

Business development<br />

Target markets<br />

Highlights 2011<br />

100<br />

50<br />

0<br />

2009 2010 2011


<strong>MAN</strong> Truck <strong>MAN</strong> & Group Bus 32<br />

Market Sh<strong>are</strong>s<br />

Key market drivers<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> Truck & Bus market sh<strong>are</strong><br />

Trucks > 6 t*<br />

% %<br />

20<br />

15<br />

10<br />

5<br />

0<br />

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011<br />

* Europe excl. Turkey and Bulgaria.<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> Truck & Bus market sh<strong>are</strong><br />

Buses > 8 t*<br />

30<br />

25<br />

20<br />

15<br />

10<br />

5<br />

0<br />

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011<br />

Key market drivers – truck market:<br />

• Lower export growth is reflecting weaker global demand<br />

and world trade. Industrial production growth<br />

will slow but positive impact by euro exchange rate<br />

• Domestic demand is affected by lower consumer<br />

purchasing power, tighter fiscal policy, the sovereign<br />

debt crisis<br />

• Introduction of Euro VI in 2014<br />

• Major sh<strong>are</strong> of goods transport on the road, further<br />

increase of road freight transport volume expected<br />

Key market drivers – bus market:<br />

• Liberalization of long-distance line traffic in Germany<br />

in 2011<br />

• 2012 Olympic Games in UK<br />

• High replacement demand for school buses in<br />

France as result of new regulations from 2015<br />

• Introduction of Euro VI in 2014<br />

• Strong oil price increase will force shift from car to<br />

public transportation, especially in urban centers<br />

• Major challenge: increase in urban population<br />

Source: <strong>MAN</strong> Truck & Bus Registration Report


<strong>MAN</strong> Truck <strong>MAN</strong> & Group Bus 33<br />

Market Potential in Europe<br />

Transportation and traffic volume on the rise<br />

3,000<br />

2,500<br />

2,000<br />

1,500<br />

1,000<br />

500<br />

Goods transportation in Europe<br />

• Need for a pan European ‘core network’. More efficient<br />

services in multimodal combinations should be used<br />

• Goods transport by rail should expand above average to<br />

handle increasing freight transport volume in coming years<br />

Billion ton-kilometers*<br />

8,000<br />

7,000<br />

6,000<br />

5,000<br />

4,000<br />

3,000<br />

2,000<br />

1,000<br />

Passenger transportation in Europe<br />

• Little growth in passenger transportation by bus and<br />

coach. Most improvement expected in transport by rail,<br />

especially by interurban rail<br />

• Car sh<strong>are</strong> is expected to shrink slightly<br />

Person-kilometers**<br />

0<br />

2000 2005 2010 2020 2025<br />

Inland waterways Railways Roads<br />

0<br />

Rail<br />

2000 2005 2010 2020 2025<br />

Buses and Coaches Cars<br />

* Unit of measurement equal to the weight in tons of material transported multiplied by the number of kilometers driven.<br />

** Comprising transported persons and the distance in km.<br />

Source: <strong>MAN</strong> Sales Business Intelligence (SBI) Report


<strong>MAN</strong> Truck <strong>MAN</strong> & Group Bus 34<br />

Key Figures<br />

Business performance<br />

Highlights 2011<br />

Order intake and revenue increase by double-digit percentages<br />

Operating profit more than triples<br />

Order intake<br />

€ million<br />

Revenue<br />

€ million<br />

Operating profit/loss<br />

€ million<br />

15,000<br />

12,000<br />

12,684<br />

12,000<br />

10,000<br />

8,984<br />

1,200<br />

1,000<br />

1,039 1,062<br />

10,410 10,610 6,395<br />

9,000<br />

6,000<br />

9,130<br />

5,224<br />

8,023<br />

9,514<br />

8,000<br />

6,000<br />

4,000<br />

7,446<br />

800<br />

600<br />

400<br />

200<br />

158<br />

565<br />

3,000<br />

2,000<br />

0<br />

-91<br />

0<br />

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011<br />

0<br />

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011<br />

-200<br />

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011


<strong>MAN</strong> Truck <strong>MAN</strong> & Group Bus 35<br />

Key Figures<br />

Business performance<br />

Vehicle sales<br />

ROS<br />

Headcount*<br />

Units<br />

120,000<br />

10<br />

%<br />

10.0<br />

10.0<br />

No.<br />

40,000<br />

36,591 36,251<br />

100,000<br />

7,349<br />

7,227<br />

8<br />

6.3<br />

35,000<br />

30,000<br />

34,239<br />

31,519<br />

31,284<br />

80,000<br />

5,775<br />

6<br />

25,000<br />

60,000<br />

40,000<br />

20,000<br />

93,260<br />

5,483<br />

96,478 77,643<br />

6,232<br />

55,166<br />

40,535<br />

4<br />

2<br />

0<br />

-1.4<br />

2.1<br />

20,000<br />

15,000<br />

10,000<br />

5,000<br />

0<br />

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011<br />

-2<br />

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011<br />

0<br />

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011<br />

Trucks<br />

Buses<br />

* Including subcontracted employees as of December 31.


Driving the leading<br />

truck and bus<br />

company in<br />

Latin America?<br />

<strong>We</strong> <strong>are</strong> your <strong>MAN</strong>.<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> Latin <strong>MAN</strong> America Group 36<br />

<strong>MAN</strong><br />

Latin<br />

America<br />

Engineering the Future –<br />

since 1758.<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> Group


<strong>MAN</strong> Latin <strong>MAN</strong> America Group 37<br />

Executive Board<br />

Antonio R.<br />

Cortes<br />

President<br />

Gastão Rachou<br />

Product Strategy &<br />

Portfolio Management<br />

Helmut<br />

Hümmerich<br />

Finance<br />

Adilson Dezoto<br />

Production &<br />

Logistics<br />

Jose Ricardo<br />

Alouche<br />

Sales, Marketing<br />

& After Sales<br />

Marcos Forgioni<br />

International Sales<br />

& Marketing


<strong>MAN</strong> Latin <strong>MAN</strong> America Group 38<br />

Products<br />

Broad product portfolio<br />

Constellation<br />

Worker<br />

Delivery<br />

Volksbus<br />

The Constellation is<br />

equipped with a sleeping<br />

compartment and the most<br />

advanced technology. It is<br />

ideal for medium- and longdistance<br />

transport as well<br />

as off-road.<br />

The Worker features reliable,<br />

high-quality robustness<br />

for all types of heavy<br />

service on highways in<br />

urban and rural <strong>are</strong>as as<br />

well as off-road.<br />

The Delivery is a light, agile<br />

vehicle that is easy to drive<br />

and maneuver and also has<br />

low maintenance costs. It is<br />

made for rapid transport in<br />

cities or rural <strong>are</strong>as.<br />

The Volksbus includes a<br />

complete line of urban<br />

and coach chassis<br />

designed to provide<br />

comfort for passengers<br />

and profitability for fleet<br />

owners.


<strong>MAN</strong> Latin <strong>MAN</strong> America Group 39<br />

Strategic Objectives<br />

Internationalization<br />

Customer orientation<br />

Operational excellence<br />

Innovation<br />

• Expand market presence in<br />

Latin America and global<br />

budget markets<br />

• Develop reliable and<br />

affordable products with<br />

leading quality in their segments<br />

• Ensure customer and dealer<br />

satisfaction<br />

• Be the center of competence<br />

within the <strong>MAN</strong> Group for<br />

the development of budget<br />

trucks and buses<br />

• Leverage synergies with <strong>MAN</strong><br />

and VW Group to strengthen<br />

new business concepts


<strong>MAN</strong> Latin <strong>MAN</strong> America Group 40<br />

Innovation and Competence<br />

Everything under one roof<br />

Consórcio Modular: tailor-made philosophy<br />

The Resende plant is among the most advanced in the world<br />

– its production system is considered to be revolutionary.<br />

The modular system results in a lean production structure<br />

with minimal fixed costs. It also reduces manufacturing<br />

costs, w<strong>are</strong>house inventories, and even production times.<br />

Production concept<br />

• Optimized process and production flow<br />

• Optimized logistics and material handling<br />

• “Modules simultaneos” production<br />

• Partners instead of suppliers<br />

• Product flexibility – ready for new products<br />

• Customer-orientated products<br />

Modular work processes<br />

• Seven independent partners supply not only individual<br />

product components directly to the assembly<br />

lines, but assemble complete component groups<br />

such as axles, suspensions, or engines<br />

• Some 1,900 (2011) regular employees <strong>are</strong> responsible<br />

for quality assurance during production as well<br />

as for product development, marketing, and the<br />

worldwide after-sales business


<strong>MAN</strong> Latin <strong>MAN</strong> America Group 41<br />

Innovation and Competence<br />

Alternative fuels and hybrid solutions<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> Latin America wants to offer more alternatives to the clients, especially when they generate benefits in costs<br />

and to the environment. <strong>We</strong> have consistently invested in new technologies to guarantee our pioneering position<br />

in the scenario of these innovations.<br />

VW Constellation 17.280 6x2<br />

Hybrid prototype<br />

• Same concept of kinetic energy recovery<br />

used in Formula 1 cars<br />

• The system stores the energy collected<br />

during braking in hydraulic accumulators,<br />

and later uses it in starting the vehicle<br />

• It is indicated for operations with “run<br />

and stop” applications, such as waste<br />

collection or public transportation<br />

• The truck has an <strong>MAN</strong> D08 power train<br />

complying with Euro V<br />

• Next stage: pilot project with a strategic<br />

fleet operator in the sector<br />

VW Constellation 17.190 Ultra<br />

CleanTM Diesel<br />

• Beverage truck powered by renewable<br />

bio-fuel contributing to the reduction of<br />

vehicle’s carbon emissions<br />

• Developed by the American<br />

biotechnology company, LS9 promises<br />

to be simpler and cheaper than the<br />

options currently available in the market<br />

• The model will be in operation for tests<br />

at fleet operators in the sector as early as<br />

2012<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> TGS 33.440 6x4<br />

• Tractor powered by a diesel and ethanol<br />

55% ratio mixture<br />

• With two different fuel tanks, the<br />

vehicle maintains the same performance<br />

of a traditional model, in addition to<br />

substantially reducing emissions of CO 2<br />

and particulate material


<strong>MAN</strong> Latin <strong>MAN</strong> America Group 42<br />

Market Sh<strong>are</strong>s<br />

Market leader for trucks in Brazil<br />

In 2011 <strong>MAN</strong> Latin America was able to sell 52,002 trucks in the growing Brazilian market, thereby maintaining<br />

its position as the country’s market leader for trucks over 5 t for the ninth successive year.<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> Latin America market sh<strong>are</strong><br />

Trucks > 5 t<br />

% %<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> Latin America market sh<strong>are</strong><br />

Buses > 8 t<br />

35<br />

35<br />

30<br />

30<br />

25<br />

25<br />

20<br />

20<br />

15<br />

15<br />

10<br />

10<br />

5<br />

5<br />

0<br />

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011<br />

0<br />

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011<br />

Source: <strong>MAN</strong> Latin America Registration Report


<strong>MAN</strong> Latin <strong>MAN</strong> America Group 43<br />

Market Potential<br />

Key market drivers for company growth<br />

Stimulus measures by the Brazilian government<br />

“Prócaminhoneiro” to modernize the truck fleet through subsidized financing options<br />

“Caminho da Escola” for which <strong>MAN</strong> Latin America sold 2,935 school buses in 2011<br />

PAC-2 plan involving investments of up to R$959 billion in <strong>are</strong>as such as energy, transportation, and housing between<br />

2010 and 2014 and investments of R$631.6 billion from 2014 onward<br />

Introduction<br />

of Euro V in<br />

2012<br />

Brazilian<br />

government<br />

has decided<br />

on stimulus<br />

measures to<br />

ensure continuous<br />

development<br />

of the<br />

economy<br />

Infrastructure<br />

needs due to<br />

2014 FIFA<br />

World Cup<br />

and 2016<br />

Olympic<br />

Games<br />

Economic<br />

growth due to<br />

many exportoriented<br />

companies,<br />

strong<br />

commodities<br />

producing<br />

sector, tapping<br />

of newly<br />

discovered<br />

mineral resources<br />

Need to renew<br />

Brazil’s<br />

aging fleet of<br />

transportation<br />

vehicles.<br />

Government<br />

finance<br />

programs<br />

to push this<br />

(average fleet<br />

age: above 16<br />

years)<br />

Localization<br />

of <strong>MAN</strong>’s<br />

TGX/TGS<br />

models and<br />

of the D08<br />

engine<br />

High aftersales<br />

potential<br />

due to<br />

engine component<br />

market<br />

and introduction<br />

of <strong>MAN</strong><br />

products<br />

New export<br />

business<br />

Export of VW<br />

models using<br />

the <strong>MAN</strong><br />

sales network<br />

and export of<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> models<br />

via <strong>MAN</strong> Latin<br />

America importers


<strong>MAN</strong> Latin <strong>MAN</strong> America Group 44<br />

Market Potential<br />

Infrastructure and transportation<br />

2,000<br />

Goods transportation in Brazil<br />

• Improvement of road conditions is of highest priority; only<br />

12% of Brazil’s highways <strong>are</strong> paved<br />

• The rail infrastructure network is to be extended up to<br />

40,000 km by 2020<br />

Billion ton-kilometers*<br />

1,200<br />

Passenger transportation in Brazil<br />

• Passenger transportation growth is due to the rising car<br />

segment<br />

• In preparation for the 2014 FIFA World Cup and the<br />

2016 Olympic Games, main cities will be linked by road<br />

Person-kilometers**<br />

1,500<br />

1,000<br />

800<br />

1,000<br />

600<br />

500<br />

400<br />

200<br />

0<br />

0<br />

2000 2005 2010 2020 2025<br />

2000 2005 2010 2020 2025<br />

Roads Railways Inland waterways Cars Buses and Coaches Rail (proportion is negligible)<br />

* Unit of measurement equal to the weight in tons of material transported multiplied by the number of kilometers driven.<br />

** Comprising transported persons and the distance in km.<br />

Source: <strong>MAN</strong> Sales Business Intelligence (SBI) Report


<strong>MAN</strong> Latin <strong>MAN</strong> America Group 45<br />

Market Potential<br />

Introduction of <strong>MAN</strong> products in Brazil<br />

Introduction of TGX and TGS in Brazil<br />

• More than €41 million invested by <strong>MAN</strong> Latin America in the<br />

development of made-to-order models for the Latin American<br />

market, an exclusive production line for the <strong>MAN</strong> trucks in<br />

Resende, including the construction of a new training center and a<br />

parts distribution hub<br />

• TGS exhibited at FENATRAN 2011<br />

• TGX 29.440 6x4 and 33.440 models to be marketed starting in<br />

2012<br />

Introduction of <strong>MAN</strong> D08 engine in Brazil<br />

• <strong>MAN</strong> D08 meets the stringent requirements of the Control Program<br />

of Air Pollution from Motor Vehicles (PROCONVE P7), which <strong>are</strong><br />

comparable to the Euro V requirements<br />

• Trucks offered in Brazil with the <strong>MAN</strong> D20 and D26 engines in the<br />

Euro V version<br />

• Two types of technology available: Euro V SCR (selective catalytic<br />

reduction) and EGR (exhaust gas recirculation) will be offered in<br />

the new Volksbus product line<br />

• Benefits: low noise and fuel consumption, greater range, and lower<br />

maintenance emissions<br />

• For the first time in Latin America, Volkswagen products will receive<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> engines assembled in Brazil


<strong>MAN</strong> Latin <strong>MAN</strong> America Group 46<br />

Key Figures<br />

Business performance<br />

Highlights 2011<br />

Revenue and operating profit at record level<br />

Market lead reinforced<br />

Order intake*<br />

Revenue*<br />

Operating profit<br />

€ million<br />

4,000<br />

3,579<br />

€ million<br />

4,000<br />

3,579<br />

€ million<br />

400<br />

370<br />

400<br />

3,500<br />

3,140<br />

3,500<br />

3,140<br />

350<br />

3,000<br />

3,000<br />

300<br />

2,500<br />

2,500<br />

250<br />

2,000<br />

2,000<br />

200<br />

1,500<br />

1,412<br />

1,500<br />

1,412<br />

150<br />

142<br />

1,000<br />

1,000<br />

100<br />

500<br />

500<br />

50<br />

0<br />

2009** 2010 2011<br />

0<br />

0<br />

2009** 2010 2011 2009** 2010 2011<br />

* <strong>MAN</strong> Latin America’s order intake is equal to its revenue due to the fact that importers/dealers order commercial vehicles from ML for immediate delivery.<br />

** <strong>MAN</strong> Latin America consolidated as of March 31, 2009.


<strong>MAN</strong> Latin <strong>MAN</strong> America Group 47<br />

Key Figures<br />

Business performance<br />

Vehicle sales<br />

ROS<br />

Headcount*<br />

Units<br />

%<br />

No.<br />

80,000<br />

70,000<br />

60,000<br />

65,630<br />

72,102<br />

12<br />

10<br />

10.1<br />

11.8<br />

11.2<br />

2,000<br />

1,500<br />

1,510<br />

1,736<br />

1,915<br />

50,000<br />

8<br />

40,000<br />

35,842<br />

6<br />

1,000<br />

30,000<br />

4<br />

20,000<br />

500<br />

10,000<br />

2<br />

0<br />

2009** 2010 2011<br />

0<br />

0<br />

2009** 2010 2011 2009** 2010 2011<br />

* Including subcontracted employees as of December 31.<br />

** <strong>MAN</strong> Latin America consolidated as of March 31, 2009.


Powering the TV<br />

sets of an entire city<br />

from a garage?<br />

<strong>We</strong> <strong>are</strong> your <strong>MAN</strong>.<br />

Power Engineering <strong>MAN</strong> Group 48<br />

Power<br />

Engineering<br />

Engineering the Future –<br />

since 1758.<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> Group


Power Engineering <strong>MAN</strong> Group 49<br />

Power Engineering<br />

Strategy<br />

Global product portfolio<br />

Internationalization with focus on BRIC<br />

Focusing on the power plant business through turnkey solutions<br />

<strong>Brand</strong> differentiation through after-sales business<br />

Ramp-up of series production for wind park gearboxes<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> Diesel & Turbo (MDT)<br />

One of the world’s leading providers of low- and mediumspeed<br />

marine and stationary applications as well as a global<br />

leader of thermal turbomachines.<br />

• Low- and medium-speed engines for marine and<br />

power plant applications<br />

• Turnkey solutions<br />

• Exhaust-gas turbochargers<br />

• Comprehensive product range of compressors, steam<br />

and gas turbines<br />

• Reactors and energy engineering<br />

• <strong>MAN</strong> PrimeServ: comprehensive service portfolio with<br />

representations in all key markets<br />

Renk (76%)<br />

A globally recognized manufacturer of high-quality special<br />

gear units, propulsion components, and testing systems.<br />

• Global market leader in vehicle transmissions for medium<br />

and heavy tracked vehicles<br />

• Special gear units for specialist marine and stationary<br />

applications<br />

• Standard gear units, primarily for merchant shipping,<br />

offshore wind, and industrial applications<br />

• Slide bearings and industrial couplings<br />

• Turnkey testing systems for the automotive, truck, rail,<br />

wind, and aviation industries


Connecting<br />

heating to the<br />

seabed?<br />

<strong>We</strong> <strong>are</strong> your<br />

<strong>MAN</strong>.<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> Diesel <strong>MAN</strong> & Group Turbo 50<br />

<strong>MAN</strong><br />

Diesel &<br />

Turbo<br />

Engineering the Future –<br />

since 1758.<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> Group


<strong>MAN</strong> Diesel <strong>MAN</strong> & Group Turbo 51<br />

Executive Board<br />

Dr. René Umlauft<br />

Chief Executive<br />

Officer, Power Plants<br />

Dr.-Ing. Hans-O. Jeske<br />

Chief Technology<br />

Officer,<br />

Turbomachinery<br />

Dr. Peter Park<br />

Chief Financial<br />

Officer<br />

Dr.-Ing. Stephan<br />

Timmermann<br />

Engines & Marine<br />

Systems, After Sales


<strong>MAN</strong> Diesel <strong>MAN</strong> & Group Turbo 52<br />

Corporate Structure<br />

Ge<strong>are</strong>d towards the market<br />

Executive Board<br />

Revenue distribution by<br />

strategic business unit<br />

Strategic<br />

business<br />

units<br />

Engines & Marine<br />

Systems<br />

Turbomachinery Power Plants After-sales business<br />

18%<br />

36%<br />

46%<br />

Business<br />

units<br />

Low Speed<br />

Medium Speed<br />

Turbocharger<br />

Process Industry Power Plants PrimeServ Diesel<br />

Oil & Gas<br />

PrimeServ Turbo<br />

Power Plants<br />

Turbomachinery<br />

Engines & Marine Systems<br />

Production


Germany<br />

Hamburg<br />

Steam turbines, and services<br />

Berlin<br />

Multiple shaft compressors, and<br />

small/medium-sized radial<br />

compressors<br />

Oberhausen<br />

Compressors, and turbines<br />

Deggendorf<br />

Reactor technology, and highpressure<br />

apparatuses<br />

Augsburg<br />

Large four-stroke engines, core<br />

components/sp<strong>are</strong> parts for all<br />

four-stroke engines, and large<br />

turbochargers<br />

France<br />

St. Nazaire<br />

Large four-stroke<br />

engines, and<br />

sp<strong>are</strong> parts<br />

Denmark<br />

Frederikshavn<br />

Propulsion systems<br />

Copenhagen<br />

Two-stroke components,<br />

and sp<strong>are</strong> parts<br />

Switzerland, Zurich<br />

Compressors, hermetically<br />

sealed compressors, and<br />

vacuum superchargers<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> Diesel <strong>MAN</strong> & Group Turbo 53<br />

Production Sites<br />

Global reach<br />

Czech Republic<br />

Velká Bíteš<br />

Small<br />

turbochargers<br />

China,<br />

Changzhou<br />

Compressors,<br />

turbochargers,<br />

and other<br />

services<br />

Headcount*<br />

India, Aurangabad<br />

Four-stroke engines, and<br />

Engineering Center<br />

No.<br />

2011 2010<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> Diesel & Turbo 14,039 12,455<br />

* Including subcontracted employees at December 31.


<strong>MAN</strong> Diesel <strong>MAN</strong> & Group Turbo 54<br />

Strategic Objectives<br />

Regionalization<br />

strategy (Brazil,<br />

Russia, India,<br />

China, and other<br />

emerging countries)<br />

Gas strategy Turnkey Efficiency improvement<br />

Emissions 2016<br />

• Regionalization<br />

and globalization<br />

to markets with<br />

growth potential<br />

• Be close to our endcustomers<br />

• Introduction and further<br />

development of a<br />

broad gas engine and<br />

gas turbine portfolio<br />

• Improve our project<br />

performance<br />

• Realize cost-down<br />

potential<br />

• Localization of sales<br />

force<br />

• Continuous development<br />

of MDT engine<br />

portfolio<br />

• Focus on key projects<br />

to meet emission<br />

legislation and provide<br />

customers with competitive<br />

solutions


<strong>MAN</strong> Diesel <strong>MAN</strong> & Group Turbo 55<br />

Products and Services<br />

Engines & Marine Systems<br />

One in every two ships plying the world’s oceans is powered by an<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> diesel engine. <strong>MAN</strong> Diesel & Turbo is the world market leader<br />

in two-stroke diesel engines, which drive large container ships,<br />

freighters, or oil tankers. The company’s extensive range of fourstroke<br />

engines is used to drive all kinds of merchant ships, special<br />

vessels, and passenger vessels.<br />

• Two-stroke and four-stroke engines for marine applications<br />

• Output range from 450 kW to 87 MW<br />

• Marine GenSets from 450 kW to 11.2 MW<br />

• Fuels: heavy fuel oil, diesel, gas, dual fuel<br />

• Propellers and complete marine propulsion systems<br />

• Axial and radial turbochargers for two-stroke and four-stroke<br />

engines, injection systems, systems electronics<br />

Turbomachinery<br />

As one of the world’s leading suppliers of turbomachinery, the relevant<br />

strategic business unit of the company offers one of the broadest<br />

product ranges in this field. The diversity of products reflects a wide<br />

circle of customers, for whom <strong>MAN</strong> Diesel & Turbo designs and<br />

manufactures single compressors and turbines or complete machinery<br />

trains.<br />

• Compressors, gas and steam turbines for the oil & gas industry,<br />

the process industry and power generation<br />

• Turnkey machinery trains including drives and expanders<br />

• Reactors for the chemical and petrochemical industry, special<br />

apparatuses for science


Thermal<br />

management<br />

Exhaust<br />

after-treatment<br />

Engines &<br />

components<br />

Storage<br />

Infrastructure<br />

Preparation<br />

Supply<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> Diesel <strong>MAN</strong> & Group Turbo 56<br />

Products and Services<br />

Power Plants<br />

With its range of large stationary diesel and gas engines for use in<br />

power plants, <strong>MAN</strong> Diesel & Turbo is a reliable partner for power<br />

generating companies, regardless of whether the energy is fed into the<br />

power grid or destined for local supply purposes. From fuel depot to<br />

transfomer station, <strong>MAN</strong> Diesel & Turbo offers complete solutions from<br />

one single source. Power plant operation and maintenance <strong>are</strong> also<br />

undertaken at the customer’s request.<br />

• Two-stroke and four-stroke engines from 450 kW to 80 MW<br />

• Turnkey diesel power plants<br />

• Combined heat and power plants, diesel combined cycle (DCC)<br />

• Excellent fuel flexibility: diesel, heavy fuel oil, bio-fuels, gas, dual fuel<br />

• <strong>MAN</strong> PowerManagement: operation and maintenance,<br />

comprehensive services<br />

• Scalable, modular concepts<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> PrimeServ<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> PrimeServ is <strong>MAN</strong> Diesel & Turbo’s after-sales service brand,<br />

covering far more than just routine servicing of engines and machinery<br />

or the simple delivery of sp<strong>are</strong> parts. Beside technical service for<br />

all products, the business activities include individual consulting,<br />

extensive support, as well as comprehensive service agreements.<br />

• Individual consulting, service agreements, and contracts<br />

• Maintenance, sp<strong>are</strong> parts supply, and repairs<br />

• Retrofits, upgrades, rerates, relocations<br />

• Online monitoring and diagnosis<br />

• Customer training in <strong>MAN</strong> PrimeServ academies<br />

• Worldwide network of service hubs: 24 / 7 OEM service around<br />

the globe


<strong>MAN</strong> Diesel <strong>MAN</strong> & Group Turbo 57<br />

Market Outlook<br />

Engines & Marine Systems<br />

• Freight rates in the two-stroke segment under pressure due to<br />

overcapacity<br />

• Four-stroke segment dominated by niche markets with fierce<br />

competition<br />

• Long-term growth and trend towards efficient comprehensive<br />

solutions<br />

Turbomachinery<br />

• Market recovery and diversified growth in the process industry<br />

• Stable growth in the oil and gas business<br />

• Increasing demand, especially in the BRIC countries


<strong>MAN</strong> Diesel <strong>MAN</strong> & Group Turbo 58<br />

Market Outlook<br />

Power Plants<br />

• Sharply rising need for energy in BRIC countries and in Africa<br />

• Growing market for decentralized power plants in Europe, due<br />

among other things to the change in energy policy<br />

• Technology driven by reduction in emissions and gas<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> PrimeServ<br />

• Retrofitting is becoming more and more important to meet<br />

emission and fuel consumption needs<br />

• Demand for the service portfolio to be expanded<br />

• Stable growth due to growing population in the field


<strong>MAN</strong> Diesel <strong>MAN</strong> & Group Turbo 59<br />

Emission from Marine Transport<br />

Emission standards<br />

Around 95% of long-distance freight transport worldwide is undertaken by ships.<br />

Marine shipping accounts for roughly 3.7% of total global CO 2 emissions.<br />

Taking the ratio of tonnage and distance covered to pollutant emissions into consideration, ships represent the<br />

cleanest mode of transport.<br />

Nitrogen oxides (g/kWh)<br />

Tier I<br />

Tier II<br />

Tier III<br />

Sulfur oxide content (%)<br />

4.5<br />

4.0<br />

3.5<br />

3.0<br />

2.5<br />

2.0<br />

1.5<br />

1.0<br />

0.5<br />

0<br />

in general<br />

International Maritime Organization (IMO)<br />

The IMO, a specialist agency of the United Nations, sets limits for the<br />

emission of greenhouse gases such as nitrogen oxides (NO x ) and<br />

sulfur oxides (SO x ) by ships. The Tier II standard, which requires a 20%<br />

reduction in NO x emissions comp<strong>are</strong>d with the Tier I standard dating<br />

from the year 2000, has been in force since January 2011.<br />

Tier III will come into effect in January 2016.


<strong>MAN</strong> Diesel <strong>MAN</strong> & Group Turbo 60<br />

Emission from Marine Transport<br />

Emission standards<br />

Emission Controlled Areas (ECAs)<br />

When Tier III will come into effect in January 2016 then<br />

the emission of nitrogen oxides in certain coastal regions,<br />

Emission Controlled Areas (ECAs), must be reduced<br />

by 80%. Since 2010, the sulfur content of fuels must not<br />

exceed 1.0% in ECAs. After January 1, 2015, the sulfur<br />

content will be limited to 0.1%. Outside the ECAs, sulfur<br />

concentrations of 3.5% in fuel have been permitted worldwide<br />

since January 1, 2012, but from January 1, 2020,<br />

the IMO will demand a maximum content of just 0.5%.


<strong>MAN</strong> Diesel <strong>MAN</strong> & Group Turbo 61<br />

Innovative Technology<br />

Maritime system solutions<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> Diesel & Turbo is making every effort to reduce the fuel consumption and emissions of marine engines.<br />

Technology from <strong>MAN</strong> Diesel & Turbo makes it possible to comply with the stringent IMO Tier III limits already<br />

now. Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) <strong>are</strong> two highly effective sets of measures<br />

to reduce nitrogen oxide emissions.<br />

Solutions from <strong>MAN</strong> Diesel & Turbo<br />

In the case of SCR, the exhaust gases <strong>are</strong> routed through a catalytic<br />

converter following combustion. While SCR is a partially integrated<br />

post-treatment technology matched to the individual engine, EGR is<br />

an integrated engine technology designed as part of the engine itself.<br />

In the case of EGR, a portion of the exhaust gases is recirculated back<br />

into the engine intake air.<br />

In contrast to nitrogen oxide emissions, sulfur oxides in the exhaust gas<br />

cannot be reduced via the combustion process in the engine. They can<br />

be cut by up to 95% by the use of desulfurization systems. <strong>MAN</strong> Diesel<br />

& Turbo is working with its partners to develop various desulfurization<br />

technologies. A drastic reduction in sulfur emissions can be achieved<br />

primarily by switching to fuels with lower sulfur contents, for example<br />

marine diesel or natural gas. For this purpose <strong>MAN</strong> Diesel & Turbo offers<br />

so-called dual fuel engines, which run on both liquid and gaseous<br />

fuels.


<strong>MAN</strong> Diesel <strong>MAN</strong> & Group Turbo 62<br />

Innovative Technology<br />

Subsea – underwater extraction of oil and gas<br />

Background: global challenges<br />

Regarding power generation and the demand for production purposes,<br />

it will not be possible to meet the need of the global population using<br />

renewable sources alone. New reserves of oil and gas must therefore<br />

be located and developed on an ongoing basis. Since easily accessible<br />

sources such as those in the oil-rich desert countries of the Middle<br />

East <strong>are</strong> becoming increasingly scarce, the exploration and extraction<br />

of these natural resources is becoming ever more demanding. In order<br />

to meet global requirements, experts <strong>are</strong> advancing into increasingly remote,<br />

poorly accessible regions. <strong>We</strong>lls on the seabed <strong>are</strong> one example<br />

of this.<br />

An operation that was previously undertaken from platforms on the<br />

ocean’s surface is now descending into the depths. Machinery and<br />

equipment <strong>are</strong> installed directly on the seabed, bringing the precious<br />

resources through pipes to the surface under automatic control and<br />

monitoring. From here they <strong>are</strong> carried by pipeline or tanker to the<br />

consumer markets.<br />

Solutions from <strong>MAN</strong> Diesel & Turbo<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> Diesel & Turbo has developed the world’s first subsea compressor<br />

for a major oil and gas producer, to allow natural gas to be<br />

extracted directly from the seabed. In this demanding task, the virtually<br />

maintenance-free compressor withstands the water pressure at considerable<br />

depth thanks to its robust, hermetically-sealed casing, which<br />

also prevents gas from escaping.<br />

This makes subsea production more cost-effective and more reliable,<br />

while the risk posed by negative environmental influences can also be<br />

further reduced.


<strong>MAN</strong> Diesel <strong>MAN</strong> & Group Turbo 63<br />

Innovative Technology<br />

Gas engines for power plants<br />

Solutions from <strong>MAN</strong> Diesel & Turbo<br />

Background: global challenges<br />

Rising fuel costs, legislation to reduce emission limits, the trend<br />

towards decentralized energy suppliers, and the energy requirements<br />

of countries with large gas deposits <strong>are</strong> all driving the stationary use of<br />

gas engines in power plants. In addition to a high supply reliability and<br />

the potential savings on operating and procurement costs, the advantage<br />

of gas-fired plants lies chiefly in extremely low emission values<br />

coupled with a high level of efficiency.<br />

Natural gas is the most environmentally friendly of all fossil energy<br />

sources. Due to the lower carbon content of the fuel, gas engines emit<br />

around 25% less CO 2 than diesel engines. Nitrogen oxide (NO x ) emissions<br />

<strong>are</strong> roughly 80% lower, while emissions of sulfur oxides, soot,<br />

and particles <strong>are</strong> virtually nonexistent.<br />

20V35/44G – the new gas engine from <strong>MAN</strong> Diesel & Turbo<br />

The single-stage turbocharged engine for stationary use in power<br />

plants reaches an output of 10.6 MW and thus has the highest output<br />

in this segment. The engine was redesigned and a prototype was built,<br />

which has been undergoing intensive testing on the test stand since<br />

September 2011. The first engines will be subjected to field testing in<br />

2013. In addition to a very high efficiency, the new gas engine boasts<br />

very many innovative technological elements. Compliance with all current<br />

emission limits is made possible solely by internal engine features.<br />

Looking to the future<br />

MDT aims to extend its portfolio of gas engines over the next few years<br />

and to add further models in various output ranges. Alongside their use<br />

in power plant applications and for stationary power and heat generation,<br />

these engines <strong>are</strong> increasingly being used in the marine sector.<br />

So-called dual fuel engines, which can be operated using liquid and<br />

gaseous fuels, <strong>are</strong> available for these applications. Customers also<br />

have the opportunity to convert existing diesel engines to dual fuel<br />

engines (retrofitting).<br />

With its involvement in the gas engine field, MDT is gearing itself to<br />

future requirements in a market with extensive growth prospects.


<strong>MAN</strong> Diesel <strong>MAN</strong> & Group Turbo 64<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> PrimeServ<br />

Thinking globally – acting locally<br />

An international clientele and shrinking time windows mean growing global demand for a rapid, competent<br />

reaction.<br />

To satisfy this demand, the <strong>MAN</strong> Diesel & Turbo network is growing and already comprises over 110 sites on all<br />

five continents.<br />

Solutions from <strong>MAN</strong> Diesel & Turbo<br />

Service hubs for diesel<br />

engines<br />

Service hubs for<br />

turbomachinery<br />

With an export quota of nearly 90%, <strong>MAN</strong> Diesel & Turbo<br />

serves a customer base that extends across the globe, far<br />

beyond its European locations.<br />

This is particularly significant for the service business of<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> PrimeServ. To keep downtime, the non-productive<br />

time of machinery, engines and equipment, to a minimum,<br />

the global service centers have their own staff and workshop<br />

capacities. If necessary, <strong>MAN</strong> PrimeServ can react<br />

swiftly to get the necessary resources to the remotest<br />

corners of the globe within a very short time.


<strong>MAN</strong> Diesel <strong>MAN</strong> & Group Turbo 65<br />

Key Figures<br />

Business performance<br />

Highlights 2011<br />

Order intake up 6%<br />

Operating profit rises despite slight decline in revenue<br />

Strong return on sales increases further<br />

Order intake<br />

Revenue<br />

Operating profit<br />

€ million<br />

4,825<br />

5,000<br />

4,000<br />

4,515<br />

3,457<br />

3,692<br />

€ million<br />

4,000<br />

3,500 3,286<br />

3,000<br />

3,870<br />

3,796 3,766<br />

3,610<br />

€ million<br />

600<br />

500<br />

417<br />

538<br />

500<br />

439<br />

460<br />

3,000<br />

2,936<br />

2,500<br />

400<br />

2,000<br />

300<br />

2,000<br />

1,500<br />

200<br />

1,000<br />

1,000<br />

500<br />

100<br />

0<br />

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011<br />

0<br />

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011<br />

0<br />

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011


<strong>MAN</strong> Diesel <strong>MAN</strong> & Group Turbo 66<br />

Key Figures<br />

Business performance<br />

Order backlog*<br />

%<br />

ROS<br />

%<br />

Headcount**<br />

No.<br />

6,000<br />

5,000<br />

5,521<br />

5,924<br />

4,422<br />

15<br />

12<br />

12.7<br />

13.9<br />

13.2<br />

11.7<br />

12.7<br />

15,000<br />

12,000<br />

11,394<br />

12,479 12,511 12,455<br />

14,039<br />

4,000<br />

3,793<br />

3,805<br />

9<br />

9,000<br />

3,000<br />

2,000<br />

6<br />

6,000<br />

1,000<br />

3<br />

3,000<br />

0<br />

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011<br />

0<br />

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011<br />

0<br />

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011<br />

* As of December 31.<br />

** Including subcontracted employees as of December 31.


Financial <strong>MAN</strong> Information Group 67


Expansion driven<br />

by innovative<br />

gears?<br />

<strong>We</strong> <strong>are</strong> your <strong>MAN</strong>.<br />

Renk <strong>MAN</strong> Group 68<br />

Renk<br />

Engineering the Future –<br />

since 1758.<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> Group


Renk <strong>MAN</strong> Group 69<br />

Executive Board<br />

Dipl.-Ing. (FH) Florian<br />

Hofbauer<br />

Spokesman,<br />

Engineering and<br />

Marketing<br />

Ulrich Sauter<br />

Production and<br />

Administration


Renk <strong>MAN</strong> Group 70<br />

Renk Worldwide<br />

Germany<br />

Augsburg, Renk production<br />

site<br />

Vehicle transmissions, industrial<br />

gears, marine gears, and test<br />

systems for passenger cars/<br />

trucks/railway applications/<br />

aviation industries<br />

Renk-MAAG GmbH,<br />

Switzerland, Winterthur<br />

Turbo gears, sp<strong>are</strong> parts,<br />

and marine sp<strong>are</strong>s<br />

USA<br />

Renk LABECO Test Systems<br />

Corp., IN, Mooresville<br />

Test systems<br />

Renk Corp., SC, Duncan<br />

Slide bearings<br />

Rheine, Renk production site<br />

Industrial gears, marine gears,<br />

and couplings<br />

Hanover, Renk production<br />

site<br />

Slide bearings<br />

Berlin<br />

Slide bearings<br />

OMEGA Renk Bearings<br />

Pvt. Ltd., India, Bhopal<br />

Cooperation partner for slide<br />

bearings<br />

Japan, Tokyo<br />

Distribution center for slide<br />

bearings (MDT)<br />

Renk France S.A.S.,<br />

France, Saint-Ouenl’Aumône<br />

Vehicle transmissions<br />

Headcount*<br />

Renk Transmisyon<br />

Sanayi A.S.,Turkey,<br />

Istanbul<br />

Vehicle transmissions<br />

Renk U.A.E. LLC.,<br />

United Arab Emirates,<br />

Abu Dhabi<br />

Service and sales for all<br />

business units<br />

China, Changzhou<br />

Distribution center for slide<br />

bearings (MDT)<br />

No.<br />

2011 2010<br />

Renk 2,013 1,882<br />

COFICAL Renk Mancais<br />

do Brasil Ltda., Brazil,<br />

Guaramirim<br />

Slide bearings<br />

* Including subcontracted employees at December 31.


Renk <strong>MAN</strong> Group 71<br />

Products<br />

Broad product portfolio<br />

Vehicle Transmissions Slide Bearings Special Gear Units Standard Gear Units<br />

• Manufacturer of fully automatic<br />

transmissions built into<br />

medium- and heavy-weight<br />

tracked vehicles as well as of<br />

a broad spectrum of test rigs<br />

included in its product range<br />

• Supply of hydrodynamic,<br />

lubricated slide bearings for<br />

electric motors, generators,<br />

pumps, blowers, water turbines,<br />

conveyors, and marine<br />

applications<br />

• The product lineup covers<br />

marine gear units for fast craft<br />

and naval applications with up<br />

to 80 MW power transmission<br />

capacity, stationary gear units<br />

for wide-ranging industrial<br />

environments including<br />

the cement industry and energy<br />

production<br />

• Encompasses large-gear<br />

production and specializes in<br />

marine gear units for<br />

merchant ships, ferries,<br />

LNG/LPG tankers,<br />

and supply vessels<br />

• Gear units for turbine plants<br />

and couplings for industrial<br />

use <strong>are</strong> also manufactured


Renk <strong>MAN</strong> Group 72<br />

Strategic Objectives<br />

Retain technology and<br />

market leadership<br />

Profitable growth with<br />

new products<br />

Internationalization


Renk <strong>MAN</strong> Group 73<br />

Innovative Technology<br />

Offshore wind energy<br />

As alternatives to fossil fuels, wind and water power <strong>are</strong> becoming more and more important.<br />

Renk’s gear units, which <strong>are</strong> known for being state-of-the-art, efficient, and having a long service life, contribute<br />

considerably in increasing the competitive edge of wind and water power stations.<br />

In league with the wind<br />

In the <strong>are</strong>a of wind-power gear units, the Aerogear<br />

technology by Renk further develops existing gear unit<br />

solutions. It stands out with its low-noise emission, high<br />

efficiency, and improved operating safety. The currently<br />

largest and first serial-produced offshore wind power gear<br />

unit of the 5 MW class, the gear unit for the MULTIBRID<br />

M5000 wind power station, generates enough power for<br />

4,500 households.


Renk <strong>MAN</strong> Group 74<br />

Key Figures<br />

Business performance<br />

Highlights 2011<br />

Healthy order intake, prior-year figure lifted by major order<br />

Stable operating profit, improved ROS<br />

Order intake<br />

Revenue<br />

Operating profit<br />

€ million<br />

€ million<br />

€ million<br />

600<br />

500<br />

400<br />

300<br />

439 443<br />

294<br />

525<br />

456<br />

600<br />

500<br />

400<br />

300<br />

430<br />

527<br />

474<br />

403<br />

389<br />

80<br />

70<br />

60<br />

50<br />

40<br />

68<br />

80<br />

66<br />

52 53<br />

200<br />

200<br />

30<br />

20<br />

100<br />

100<br />

10<br />

0<br />

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011<br />

0<br />

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011<br />

0<br />

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011


Renk <strong>MAN</strong> Group 75<br />

Key Figures<br />

Business performance<br />

ROS<br />

%<br />

20<br />

Headcount*<br />

No.<br />

2,500<br />

15<br />

15.7<br />

15.1<br />

13.9<br />

12.9<br />

13.6<br />

2,000<br />

1,500<br />

1,854<br />

2,041<br />

1,903<br />

1,882<br />

2,013<br />

10<br />

1,000<br />

5<br />

500<br />

* Including subcontracted employees as of December 31.<br />

0<br />

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011<br />

0<br />

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011


Putting together an<br />

austerity package<br />

that pleases the<br />

whole of Europe?<br />

<strong>We</strong> <strong>are</strong> your <strong>MAN</strong>.<br />

Financial <strong>MAN</strong> Information Group 76<br />

Financial<br />

Information<br />

Engineering the Future –<br />

since 1758.<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> Group


Financial <strong>MAN</strong> Information Group 77<br />

Basic Sh<strong>are</strong> Information<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> SE sh<strong>are</strong>s <strong>are</strong> traded on Xetra and on all seven<br />

German stock exchanges<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> SE is listed in the Dax equity index<br />

Key indicators for <strong>MAN</strong> common sh<strong>are</strong>s<br />

2011 2010<br />

Earnings per sh<strong>are</strong> in € 1 4.62 5.30<br />

Cash dividend per sh<strong>are</strong> in € 2 2.30 2.00<br />

Market capitalization (as of Dec. 31) 2 in € million 9,978 12,898<br />

Closing price in € 68.70 88.99<br />

High in € 98.72 96.44<br />

Low in € 52.51 47.99<br />

Dividend yield 3 in % 3.3 2.2<br />

Total return 4 in % -21.1 64.0<br />

Number in thousands 5 140,974 140,974<br />

Dax yield in % -14.7 16.1<br />

Euro Stoxx yield in % -15.2 2.7<br />

Sh<strong>are</strong> capital<br />

147,040,000 sh<strong>are</strong> capital, no-par value sh<strong>are</strong>s, of which<br />

140,974,350 common sh<strong>are</strong>s (96%) and 6,065,650 preference<br />

sh<strong>are</strong>s (4%).<br />

Common Preference<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> common sh<strong>are</strong>s vs. Dax<br />

December 2010 to December 2011<br />

Indexed values, December 31, 2010 = 1.00<br />

sh<strong>are</strong>s<br />

sh<strong>are</strong>s<br />

ISIN code DE0005937007 DE0005937031<br />

WKN 593700 593703<br />

Reuters <strong>MAN</strong>G.DE <strong>MAN</strong>G_p.DE<br />

Bloomberg <strong>MAN</strong> GY <strong>MAN</strong>3 GY<br />

1 Earnings per sh<strong>are</strong> excluding nonrecurring items and the effects from purchase price allocations: €5.78.<br />

2 Basis: 140,974,350 common sh<strong>are</strong>s and 6,065,650 preference sh<strong>are</strong>s.<br />

3 Cash dividend based on the closing price on December 31.<br />

4 Assumes reinvestment of the cash dividend on the last trading day of the month<br />

in which the Annual General Meeting was held.<br />

5 Only common sh<strong>are</strong>s.<br />

Source: Bloomberg


Financial <strong>MAN</strong> Information Group 78<br />

Sh<strong>are</strong>holder Structure and Dividend Policy<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> dividend policy<br />

It is <strong>MAN</strong>’s aim to enable its sh<strong>are</strong>holders to participate in the<br />

company’s success by distributing an appropriate sh<strong>are</strong> of its profit.<br />

The amount distributed is not fixed; the <strong>MAN</strong> Group generally aims for<br />

30% to 60% of net income.<br />

Cash dividend per sh<strong>are</strong><br />

€<br />

3.5<br />

3.15<br />

3.0<br />

Sh<strong>are</strong>holder structure*<br />

21%<br />

7% 54%**<br />

7%<br />

11%<br />

VW AG<br />

Private sh<strong>are</strong>holders<br />

Foreign institutional<br />

sh<strong>are</strong>holders<br />

German institutional<br />

sh<strong>are</strong>holders<br />

Others<br />

International<br />

investors <strong>are</strong><br />

predominantly<br />

based in the UK<br />

and the USA.<br />

* Basis:140,974,350 common sh<strong>are</strong>s and 6,065,650 preference sh<strong>are</strong>s; as of November/<br />

December 2011<br />

** As of the trading date of April 12, 2012, Volkswagen AG held 73.00% of the common sh<strong>are</strong>s<br />

and 26.46% of the preference sh<strong>are</strong>s (71.08% of the total sh<strong>are</strong> capital).<br />

Source: IPREO<br />

2.5<br />

2.0<br />

1.5<br />

1.0<br />

0.5<br />

0.0<br />

2.30<br />

2.00<br />

2.00<br />

0.25<br />

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011<br />

Volkswagen is majority sh<strong>are</strong>holder of <strong>MAN</strong><br />

On November 9, 2011, the sh<strong>are</strong>s that <strong>MAN</strong> SE sh<strong>are</strong>holders tendered<br />

to Volkswagen AG as part of the May 31, 2011, offer were transferred<br />

to the new majority sh<strong>are</strong>holder. As of the trading date of April 12,<br />

2012, Volkswagen AG held 73.00% of the common sh<strong>are</strong>s and<br />

26.46% of the preference sh<strong>are</strong>s (71.08% of the total sh<strong>are</strong> capital).


Financial <strong>MAN</strong> Information Group 79<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> as an Investment<br />

Reasons for investing in <strong>MAN</strong><br />

<strong>We</strong> <strong>are</strong> focused.<br />

<strong>We</strong> <strong>are</strong> global.<br />

<strong>We</strong> <strong>are</strong> innovative.<br />

<strong>We</strong> <strong>are</strong> sustainable.<br />

<strong>We</strong> <strong>are</strong> strong.<br />

<strong>We</strong> <strong>are</strong> cooperative.<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> concentrates on two strategic <strong>are</strong>as: Commercial Vehicles and Power Engineering. <strong>We</strong> <strong>are</strong> focused on transportation<br />

and energy – market segments with long-term global opportunities.<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> has a clear globalization strategy. <strong>We</strong> <strong>are</strong> a global player represented on all five continents. <strong>We</strong> hold leading positions<br />

in our markets and primarily see growth abroad, especially in the BRIC countries.<br />

Technology leadership is one of the keys to success for <strong>MAN</strong>. <strong>We</strong> develop solutions for our customers that <strong>are</strong> tailored<br />

to their markets and their needs. This and our ability to constantly pioneer and evolve has made us a front-runner in the<br />

transportation and energy industry.<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> is committed to future-oriented sustainable corporate leadership. <strong>We</strong> take economic, ecological, and social<br />

requirements into consideration.<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> has leading technologies, good market positions, and international alliances. <strong>We</strong> have a good financial position<br />

and hold one of the strongest ratings among our peers.<br />

Joining forces with strong partners makes us even more powerful. <strong>We</strong> <strong>are</strong> working closely within the Group and with our<br />

partners, we swap information and transfer knowledge.


Financial <strong>MAN</strong> Information Group 80<br />

Ratings and Bonds<br />

Bond<br />

An important component of the <strong>MAN</strong> Group’s funding is its access to the capital<br />

markets. In 2009, <strong>MAN</strong> SE launched a Euro Medium Term Note (EMTN) program with<br />

a volume of up to €5 billion, of which €2.4 billion has currently been utilized through<br />

the issue in 2009 of a bond in two tranches expiring in 2013 and 2016, the issue of<br />

a bond in March 2012 expiring in 2017, and a private placement amounting to €150<br />

million.<br />

Rating<br />

In May 2011, Standard & Poor’s lifted its outlook for<br />

<strong>MAN</strong>’s BBB+ long-term rating from “stable” to “positive,”<br />

confirming this again in July 2011, and then lifted its rating<br />

to A– with a stable outlook in December 2011. The A3<br />

rating with a stable outlook awarded by Moody’s was<br />

confirmed in September 2011.<br />

Bond<br />

2009/2013<br />

Bond<br />

2009/2016<br />

Bond<br />

2012/2017<br />

Issuer <strong>MAN</strong> SE <strong>MAN</strong> SE <strong>MAN</strong> SE<br />

Volume €1,000 million €500 million €750 million<br />

Date of issue 5/20/2009 5/20/2009 03/13/2012<br />

Term 4 years 7 years 5 years<br />

Coupon 5.375% 7.250% 2.125%<br />

Stock exchange listing Luxembourg Luxembourg Luxembourg<br />

ISIN XS0429607640 XS0181879650 XS0756457833<br />

German Securities<br />

A0ZYPG A0AART A1ML0A<br />

Code Number (WKN)<br />

Our ratings give the <strong>MAN</strong> Group better<br />

access to the capital markets and<br />

contribute to its financial flexibility.<br />

Long-term Short-term<br />

Standard<br />

A-/Stable A-2<br />

& Poor's<br />

Moody's A3/Stable P-2


Financial <strong>MAN</strong> Information Group 81<br />

Group Funding<br />

Maturity structure<br />

excl. asset based funding<br />

An extended maturity profile is the result of conservative financial<br />

policies.<br />

€ million<br />

Financing mix<br />

incl. asset based funding<br />

A diversified financing structure is the basis for the financial flexibility of<br />

the <strong>MAN</strong> Group.<br />

1500<br />

1200<br />

900<br />

1% 54%<br />

Bank loans Promissory note bond<br />

9%<br />

Bonds<br />

Public loans<br />

600<br />

Asset based<br />

funding<br />

Bank loans<br />

300<br />

25%<br />

Promissory note<br />

bond<br />

0<br />

2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018+<br />

11%<br />

Bonds<br />

Public loans


Financial <strong>MAN</strong> Information Group 82<br />

Free cash flow<br />

€ million<br />

2,000<br />

1,683<br />

1,500<br />

1,053<br />

1,000<br />

500<br />

0<br />

-119<br />

-500<br />

-570<br />

-1,000<br />

-1,122<br />

-1,500<br />

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011<br />

Financial Management<br />

Cash flow<br />

Free cash flow in 2011:<br />

Negative free cash flow due to growth<br />

Free cash flow in the Commercial Vehicles business<br />

<strong>are</strong>a totaled €-339 million<br />

Free cash flow in the Power Engineering business<br />

<strong>are</strong>a amounted to €270 million<br />

Industrial Business<br />

Financial Services<br />

€ million 2011 2010 2011 2010<br />

Net liquidity/net financial debt at beginning of period 80 -822 -1,858 -1,812<br />

Cash earnings 1,090 861 4 -46<br />

Net cash provided by/used in operating activities 964 1,502 -446 -75<br />

Net cash provided by/used in investing activities -631 -388 -6 14<br />

Free cash flow 333 1,114 -452 -61<br />

Net liquidity/net financial debt at end of period 42 80 -2,254 -1,858<br />

To obtain a more meaningful analysis<br />

of the Group’s financial position, the<br />

figures <strong>are</strong> classified into the Industrial<br />

Business and Financial Services.<br />

Financial Services relates to <strong>MAN</strong><br />

Finance’s sales financing activities,<br />

primarily involving the leasing of<br />

commercial vehicles to customers.


Financial <strong>MAN</strong> Information Group 83<br />

Capital Expenditures<br />

Safeguarding the future and growth of <strong>MAN</strong><br />

Capital expenditure<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> Truck & Bus<br />

• New production facility in St. Petersburg<br />

€ million<br />

€ million<br />

• Enlargement of the logistics center in Salzgitter<br />

800<br />

800<br />

750<br />

• Expansion of the sales and service network<br />

700<br />

600<br />

500<br />

400<br />

300<br />

200<br />

100<br />

0<br />

5<br />

156<br />

235<br />

Property, plant, and equipment, and<br />

investment property<br />

Intangible assets<br />

Investments<br />

70<br />

246<br />

355<br />

2010 2011<br />

700<br />

600<br />

500<br />

400<br />

300<br />

200<br />

100<br />

490<br />

399 395<br />

621<br />

0<br />

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011<br />

Like-for-like data for all years, excluding discontinued<br />

operations.<br />

2007 to 2009 excluding acquisition of Scania sh<strong>are</strong>s,<br />

2009 and 2010 excluding acquisition of <strong>MAN</strong> Latin<br />

America and Sinotruk, 2011 excluding acquisition of additional<br />

interest in EURO-Leasing.<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> Latin America<br />

• Changeover to the Euro V emission standard<br />

• Resende production site to expand capacity and<br />

leverage potential synergies with <strong>MAN</strong> Truck & Bus<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> Diesel & Turbo<br />

• Future emission standards for Engines & Marine<br />

Systems<br />

• Commencement of operation in May 2011 for<br />

the second expansion phase at the Changzhou<br />

production facilities in China<br />

Renk<br />

• Expansion of the Augsburg high-bay w<strong>are</strong>house


Financial <strong>MAN</strong> Information Group 84<br />

Financial Control Measures<br />

Assessing <strong>MAN</strong>’s performance goals<br />

The key financial control measures in the <strong>MAN</strong> Group <strong>are</strong> defined as return on sales (ROS), which is the ratio of<br />

operating profit to revenue, and return on capital employed (ROCE), which is the ratio of operating profit to annual<br />

average capital employed.<br />

Target returns<br />

(average business cycle)*<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> Group<br />

ROS of 8.5% over a business<br />

cycle and a ROCE that exceeds the<br />

weighted cost of capital of<br />

10%.<br />

Commercial Vehicles<br />

The target ROS is 8.5%.<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> Group ROS<br />

%<br />

11.6<br />

12 11.0<br />

10<br />

8<br />

6<br />

4.2<br />

4<br />

7.1<br />

9.0<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> Group ROCE<br />

%<br />

50<br />

40.2<br />

40<br />

31.9<br />

30<br />

20<br />

17.4<br />

24.4<br />

Power Engineering<br />

The target ROS is 9.0%.<br />

2<br />

10<br />

7.9<br />

0<br />

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011<br />

* A bandwidth of +/–2 percentage points has been defined for all specified ROS figures.<br />

0<br />

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011


Financial <strong>MAN</strong> Information Group 85<br />

Investor Relations<br />

Financial calender<br />

Date<br />

Event<br />

July 31, 2012 Report on the first half of 2012<br />

October 30, 2012 Report on the third quarter of 2012<br />

June 6, 2013 Annual General Meeting for fiscal 2012<br />

Furthermore, <strong>MAN</strong> Investor Relations regularly attends conferences<br />

and holds roadshows.<br />

Scan the QR code to find comprehensive information<br />

on <strong>MAN</strong> sh<strong>are</strong>s, financial publications, and all IR’s<br />

services on <strong>MAN</strong>’s Investor Relations website:


Financial <strong>MAN</strong> Information Group 86<br />

Investor Relations<br />

Contacts<br />

Helga Würtele<br />

Head of Investor Relations<br />

+ 49. 89. 36098-334<br />

helga.wuertele@man.eu<br />

Thomas Paschen<br />

IR Manager<br />

+ 49. 89. 36098-574<br />

thomas.paschen@man.eu<br />

Eva-Marie Baum<br />

IR Media and Events<br />

+ 49. 89. 36098-398<br />

eva-marie.baum@man.eu<br />

Beate Ehring<br />

IR Assistant<br />

+ 49. 89. 36098-499<br />

beate.ehring@man.eu<br />

Publisher:<br />

<strong>MAN</strong> SE<br />

Investor Relations<br />

Ungererstr. 69<br />

80805 Munich<br />

Version: May 2012

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