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240 Silvia Mustaţă, Sorin Cociş, Valentin Voişian the vessel cannot stay in a vertical position. On the other hand, one cannot help noticing the similarities, without any other functional implications, between the shape of this iron vessel and the one displayed by one of the most common olive oil amphorae, namely those belonging to the type Dressel 20 38 . The similarity is surprising since both the Dressel 20 amphorae and the iron vessel from Napoca were used for transporting oil, but in totally different contexts. In conclusion the two iron vessels from Napoca were definitely in use during the first three quarters of the 3 rd century AD, as suggested by the contexts of discovery. As the parallels from the rest of the Roman Empire and the prototypes show, they were part of the instrumentum balnei and were employed for carrying the oil to the baths. There is no reason to presume a different functionality considering the existence of the hanging chains and the fastening system of the lid which allowed a perfect sealing of the content. BIBLIOGRAPHY BARATTE 1993 F. BARATTE, Obsevations complémentaires à propos de deux objets en fer du trésor de Vienne. Arch. Korrbl. 23, 1993, 223–229. BARATTE ET ALII 1984 F. BARATTE/L. BONAMOUR/J.-P. GUILLAUMET/S. TASSINARI, Vases antiques de metall au Musée de Chalon-sur-Saône. Rev. Arch. Est et Centre-Est suppl. 5 e (Dijon 1984). BIENERT 2007 B. BIENERT, Die römischen Bronzegefäße im Rheinischen Landesmuseum Trier [Trierer Zeitschr. 31] (Trier 2007). BOLLA 1979 M. BOLLA, Recipienti in bronzo d’età romana in Lombardia. Brocca rinvenuta a Carobbio degli Angeli. Riv. Arch. Prov. e Ant. Diocesi Como 161, 1979, 23–50, tavv. I–V. BOLLA 1989 M. BOLLA, “Blechkannen”: aggiornamenti. Rassegna Stud. Civ. Mus. Arch. Milano 43–44, 1989, 95–118, tavv. XLVI–LIX. BONNAMOUR 2000 L. BONNAMOUR, Archéologie de la Saône. 150 ans de recherches. Le fleuve gardien de la mémoire (Paris 2000). BOUCHER 1971 S. BOUCHER, Vienne. Bronzes antiques, Inventaire des Collections Publiques Françaises 17 (Paris 1971). CASTOLDI 2002 M. CASTOLDI, I recipienti in bronzo in Italia Settentrionale tra III e V secolo d. C. In: G. Cuscito/M. Verzár-Bass (a cura di), Bronzi di età romana in Cisalpina. Novità e riletture, Antichità Altoadriatiche 51 (Trieste 2002), 289–308. CLOSE-BROOKS 1980 J. CLOSE-BROOKS, A Roman iron flask from Newstead. Proc. Soc. Ant. Scotland 109, 1977– 1978 [1980], 372–374. COCIŞ ET AL. 1995 S. COCIŞ/V. VOIŞIAN/A. PAKI/M. ROTEA, Raport preliminar privind cercetările arheologice din strada Victor Deleu în Cluj‐Napoca I. Campaniile 1992–1994. Acta Mus. Napocensis 32/I, 1995, 635–652. COCIŞ ET AL. 1996 S. COCIŞ/A. PAKI/V. VOIŞIAN, Cluj‐Napoca, jud. Cluj. Strada Victor Deleu. In CCA. Campania 1995 (Brăila 1996), 35–36. 38 PEACOCK/WILLIAMS 1986, 136, class 25, Fig. 67.
Instrumentum Balnei from Roman Napoca 241 COCIŞ ET AL. 1997 S. COCIŞ/V. VOIŞIAN/A. PAKI/ZS. MOLNÁR, Cluj‐Napoca, jud. Cluj. Str. V. Deleu. In: CCA. Campania 1996 (Bucureşti 1997), 14. COCIŞ ET AL. 1998 S. COCIŞ/V. VOIŞIAN/A. PAKI, Cluj‐Napoca, str. V. Deleu. In: CCA. Campania 1997 (Bucureşti 1998), 17. COCIŞ ET AL. 1999 S. COCIŞ/ZS. MOLNÁR/A. PAKI/V. VOIŞIAN, Cluj‐Napoca, jud. Cluj. In: CCA. Campania 1998 (Bucureşti 1999), 31. COCIŞ ET AL. 2001 S. COCIŞ/C. CIONGRADI/V. VOIŞIAN/E. BOTA, Fibule romane de la Napoca. In: C. Cosma/D. Tamba/A. Rustoiu (Eds.), Studia archaeologica et historica Nicolao Gudea dicata. Omagiu profesorului Nicolae Gudea la 60 de ani/Festschrift für Professor Nicolae Gudea gelegentlich des 60. Geburtstages. Bibl. Mus. Porolissensis IV (Zalău 2001), 431–440. COCIŞ ET AL. 2002 S. COCIŞ/I. NEMETI/V. VOIŞIAN/F. FODOREAN, Cluj‐Napoca, jud. Cluj. Strada Victor Deleu. In: CCA. Campania 2001 (Bucureşti 2002), 107. COCIŞ ET AL. 2004 S. COCIŞ/E. BEU-DACHIN/V. VOIŞIAN, Un altare votivo a Silvano, scoperto a Napoca. Acta Mus. Napocensis 39–40/I, 2002–2003 [2004], 235–239. FEUGÈRE 1991 M. FEUGÈRE, Autres formes. In: M. Feugère/C. Rolley (Eds.), La vaissele tardo-républicaine en bronze, Actes de la table-ronde CNSR organisée à Lattes du 26 au 28 avril 1990 par l’UPR 290 (Lattes) et le GDR 125 (Dijon), Centre de recherches sur les techniques gréco-romaines 13 (Dijon 1991), 121–130. FÜLEP 1949 F. FÜLEP, Rómaikori kocsitemetkezés Vajtán. Arch. Ért. 76/1–2, 1949, 40–51. GĂZDAC ET ALII 2003 C. GĂZDAC/V. VOIŞIAN/S. COCIŞ, Coin finds from Roman Napoca – the excavations on Deleu St. Rev. Bistriţei 17, 2003, 77–96. GĂZDAC ET AL. 2010 C. GĂZDAC/S. COCIŞ/Á. ALFÖLDY-GĂZDAC/L. CĂLIAN, The Roman Imperial Hoard “Deleu” from Cluj‐Napoca, Patrimonium Archaeologicum Transylvanicum 3 (Cluj-Napoca 2010). ISINGS 1957 C. ISINGS, Roman Glass from dated finds. Arch. Traiectina 2 (Groeningen/Djakarta 1957). IVANOV/STOJANOV 1985 T. IVANOV/S. STOJANOV, Abritvs. Its history and archaeology (Razgrad 1985). KAUFMANN-HEINIMANN 1994 A. KAUFMANN-HEINIMANN, Die römischen Bronzen der Schweiz V, Neufunde und Nachtäge (Mainz am Rhein 1994). KOSTER 1997 A. KOSTER, Description of the Collections in the Rijksmuseum G.M. Kam at Nijmegen XIII: The bronze vessels II. Acquisitions 1954–1996 (including vessels of pewter and iron) (Nijmegen 1997). MUSTAŢĂ ET AL. 2012 S. MUSTAŢĂ/S. COCIŞ/V. VOIŞIAN, A rough package for a fine content. Iron vessels from the Roman town of Napoca (Cluj-Napoca, Romania). Bull. Instrumentum 35, 2012, 26-29. OPREANU 2008 C. H. OPREANU, Houses in Towns and Small Towns of Roman Dacia. In: P. Scherrer (Hrsg.), Domus. Das Haus in den Städten der römischen Donauprovinzen. Akten des 3. Intern. Symposiums über römische Städte in Noricum und Pannonien, Österreichisches Archäologisches Institut Sonderschriften 44 (Wien 2008), 387–403.
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