RICE IN ANDHRA PRADESH - Rice Knowledge Management Portal

RICE IN ANDHRA PRADESH
iv Rodents : From sowing to sale of the paddy rats cause enormous loss. Their population increases after
the floods or natural calamities. In nursery rats eats seeds and seedlings. In transplanted fields they cut the
tillers at 45 degree angle above the water surface. They eat stems and growing tips. Rats become very active
from tillering to harvesting stage by cutting panicles and taking them to rat holes. Panicles at milky stage and
soft dough stage are more palatable to them. They spoil the field bunds by making holes. Rats continue to
damage after harvest on paddy shieves, threshing floors, storage godowns and in houses.
Estimated loss to paddy in East godavary is 10-45 percent, West godavary 15-90 percent, Krishna 10-
42 percent, Guntur 8- 34 percent and in Nellore it is reported to be 2-10 percent. In houses and storage
godowns it is 2.5 percent. In Tellahamsa variety the reported loss was 18 percent, Surekha 7 percent,
Sambamahsuri and Rasi 3 percent and in Dhanya laxmi it was 19 percent.
iv. Weeds: Losses caused by the weeds are reduction in yield,loss of nutrients from the soil, poor quality of
produce, serve as alternate hosts for pests and diseases, compete for water and finally increases the cost of
cultivation. Estimated yield losses due to weeds in lowlands is 10-30%while it is 40- 60%in case of rainfed rice
In upland rice, weeds that infest are mostly grassy weeds such as Cynadon rotundus, Echinocholoa colona and
Panicum spp. Among the broad- leaved weeds Eclipta alba, Portulaca oleracea, Amaranthus viridis, Acalypha
indica and Tridax procumbens are frequent. In transplanted fields , Echinocholoa colona, E. crusgalli,
Paspalum distichum, Cyperus iria and other broad- leaved infest the crop. In Krishna- Godavari delta, Ipomia
carnea and water hyacinth infest the crop heavily.
b) Abiotic stresses : Important abiotic factors reducing the rice crop yields are drought, water logging,
temperature, cold, zinc deficiency, salinity etc.,
i) Temperature : In Andhra Pradesh higher temperatures affect the rice crop grown during rabi and
Edagaru seasons. Higher temperatures causes protracted flowering,
drying/dedication of anthers/ pollen grains which leads to spikelet sterility (chaffy grains). It also leads to the
formation of ill filled grains.
ii) Cold : Cold injury has been identified as one of the major abiotic constraint limiting the yield potential of
rabi rice. In Telangana low temperature varies from 8 o C – 16 o C from December to firs fortnight of February
during which rabi rice will be in vegetative phase. The common effects of cold injury during vegetative phase
will be low germination, slow growth of seedlings , leaf yellowing , stunted growth characterized by reduced
height and tillering. Temperature below 18 o C from primordial intiation to maturity phase adversely affects
For more Information contact: Visit Rice Knowledge Management Portal http://www.rkmp.co.in
Rice Knowledge Management Portal (RKMP)
Directorate of Rice Research,
Rajendranagar, Hyderabad 500030. Email: naiprkmp@gmail.com, pdrice@drricar.org, shaiknmeera@gmail.com
Ph: 91-40-24591218, 295 Fax: 91-40-24591217
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