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Paper Klein and Nicholls (1999) Klein et al. (1998) Klein and Bateman (1998) Smit et al. (2000) Klein et al. (1999) Klein et al. (2001) Contributions by R.J.T. Klein This paper was written by Klein, based on the UNEP chapter by Klein and Nicholls (1998). For the UNEP chapter Klein developed the conceptual idea and did most of the writing. Nicholls contributed sections on coastal morphodynamic processes, wetlands and aerial videography-assisted vulnerability assessment. This paper was written by Klein, based partly on contributions from Smit, Goosen and Hulsbergen during a workshop. This award-winning paper was written by Klein, based on his own survey and statistical analyses. Bateman helped to develop the survey methodology and interpret the results of the statistical analyses. This paper was written mainly by Smit, based partly on text inputs from Burton and Klein and a literature survey by Wandel. Klein contributed to various parts of the paper, particularly to the typology of adaptation. This paper was written mainly by Klein. Nicholls and Mimura contributed the UK and Japanese case studies. This paper was written by Klein, based on the IPCC chapter by Klein et al. (2000). Klein was the co-ordinating lead author of the IPCC chapter, which benefited from text inputs from the other authors. Table 5 — Respective contributions by the PhD candidate to the six published papers in this thesis. References Adger, W.N., 1997: Sustainability and Social Resilience in Coastal Resource Use. CSERGE Working Paper Series No. 97-23, Centre for Social and Economic Research on the Global Environment, University of East Anglia, Norwich and University College London, UK, 39 pp. Adger, W.N., 2000: Social and ecological resilience: are they related? Progress in Human Geography, 24(3), 347–364. Adger, W.N. and P.M. Kelly, 1999: Social vulnerability to climate change and the architecture of entitlements. Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, 4(3–4), 253–266. Alverson, D.L., M.H. Freeborg, S.A. Murawski and J.A. Pope, 1994: A Global Assessment of Fisheries Bycatch and Discards. FAO Fisheries Technical Paper No. 339, Food and Agricultural Organisation, Rome, Italy, 233 pp. Anderson, D.M. and D.J. Garrison (eds.), 1997: The ecology and oceanography of harmful algal blooms. Limnology and Oceanography, 42(5,2), 1009–1305. Andreadakis, A.D., 1997: Wastewater treatment and disposal for the preservation of bathing and coastal water quality in touristic areas. Marine Chemistry, 58(3–4), 389–395. Baarse, G., 1995: Development of an Operational Tool for Global Vulnerability Assessment (GVA)—Update of the Number of People at Risk Due to Sea Level Rise and Increased Flooding Probability. CZM Centre Publication No. 3, Ministry of Transport, Public Works and Water Management, The Hague, The Netherlands, 17 pp. Bijlsma, L., C.N. Ehler, R.J.T. Klein, S.M. Kulshrestha, R.F. McLean, N. Mimura, R.J. Nicholls, L.A. Nurse, H. Pérez Nieto, E.Z. Stakhiv, R.K. Turner and R.A. Warrick, 1996: Coastal zones and small islands. In: Climate Change 1995—Impacts, Adaptations and Mitigation of Climate Change: Scientific-Technical Analyses, R.T. Watson, M.C. Zinyowera and R.H. Moss (eds.), Contribution of Working Group II to the Second Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, pp. 289–324. Briassoulis, H. and J. van der Straaten (eds.), 1992: Tourism and the Environment—Regional, Economic and Policy Issues. Environment & Assessment Series No. 2, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands, 169 pp. Brochier, F. and E. Ramieri, 2001: Climate Change Impacts on the Mediterranean Coastal Zones. 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Cicin-Sain, B. and R.W. Knecht, 1998: Integrated Coastal and Ocean Management: Concepts and Practices. Island Press, Washington, DC, USA, 499 pp. Cicin-Sain, B., R.W. Knecht and G.W. Fisk, 1995: Growth in capacity for integrated coastal management since UNCED: an international perspective. Ocean & Coastal Management, 29(1–3), 93–123. Church, J.A., J.M. Gregory, P. Huybrechts, M. Kuhn, K. Lambeck, M.T. Nhuan, D. Qin and P.L. Woodworth, 2001: Changes in sea level. In: Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis, J.T. Houghton, Y. Ding, D.J. Griggs, M. Noguer, P.J. van der Linden, X. Dai, K. Maskell and C.A. Johnson (eds.), Contribution of Working Group I to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, pp. 639–693. Cohen, J.E., C. Small, A. Mellinger, J. Gallup and J. Sachs, 1997: Estimates of coastal populations. Science, 278, 1211–1212. Common, M.S., 1995: Sustainability and Policy: Limits to Economics. 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Hamburg, Germany, 19–21 June 2000, Flood Hazard Research Centre, Middlesex University, Enfield, UK, viii+152 pp. De la Vega-Leinert, A.C., R.J. Nicholls, A. Nasser Hassan and M. El-Raey (eds.), 2000b: Proceedings of the SURVAS Expert Workshop on African Vulnerability and Adaptation to Accelerated Sea-Level Rise. Cairo, Egypt, 5–8 November 2000, Flood Hazard Research Centre, Middlesex University, Enfield, UK, vi+104 pp. Demora, S.J. and E. Pelletier, 1997: Environmental tributyltin research—past, present, future. Environmental Technology, 18(12), 1169–1177. Desenclos, J.C., 1996: Epidémiologie des risques toxiques et infectieux liés à la consommation de coquillages. Revue d’Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, 44(5), 437–454. Dixon, J.A., L. Fallon Scura, R.A. Carpenter and P.B. Sherman, 1994: Economic Analysis of Environmental Impacts. Second edition. Earthscan Publications, London, UK, xii+210 pp. Dovers, S.R. and J.W. Handmer, 1992: Uncertainty, sustainability and change. Global Environmental Change, 2(4), 262–276. Downing, T.E., M.J. Watts and H.G. Bohle, 1996: Climate change and food insecurity: towards a sociology and geography of vulnerability. In: Climate Change and World Food Security, T.E. Downing (ed.), Springer Verlag, Berlin, Germany, pp. 183–206. Dulvy, N.K., D.P. Stanwell-Smith, W.R.T. Darwall and C.J. Horrill, 1995: Coral mining at Mafia Island, Tanzania: a management dilemma. Ambio, 24(6), 358–365. Edington, J.M. and M.A. Edington, 1986: Ecology, Recreation and Tourism. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, viii+200 pp. Ehler, C.N., 1993: Preparatory Workshop on Integrated Coastal Zone Management and Responses to Climate Change. Proceedings of the IPCC/WCC'93 Western Hemisphere Workshop, New Orleans, LA, USA, 13–16 July 1993, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA, 611 pp. Ehler, C.N., B. Cicin-Sain, R. Knecht, R. South and R. Weiher, 1997: Guidelines to assist policy makers and managers of coastal areas in the integration of coastal management programs and national climate-change action plans. Ocean & Coastal Management, 37(1), 7–27. Emery, K.O. and D.G. Aubrey, 1991: Sea Levels, Land Levels, and Tide Gauges. Springer Verlag, New York, NY, USA, xiv+237 pp. Fankhauser, S., 1995: Protection vs. retreat: estimating the costs of sea level rise. Environment and Planning A, 27(2), 299–319. Feenstra, J.F., I. Burton, J.B. Smith and R.S.J. Tol (eds.), 1998: Handbook on Methods for Climate Change Impact Assessment and Adaptation Strategies. Version 2.0, United Nations Environment Programme and Institute for Environmental Studies, Vrije Universiteit, Nairobi, Kenya and Amsterdam, The Netherlands, xxvi+422 pp. Folke, C., S. Carpenter, T. Elmqvist, L. Gunderson, C.S. Holling, B. Walker, J. Bengtsson, F. Berkes, J. Colding, K. Danell, M. Falkenmark, L. Gordon, R. Kasperson, N. Kautsky, A. Kinzig, S. Levin, K.-G. Mäler, F. Moberg, L. Ohlsson, P. Olsson, E. Ostrom, W. Reid, J. Rockstroem, H. Savenije and U. Svedin, 2002: Resilience and Sustainable Development: Building Adaptive Capacity in a World of Transformations. Environmental Advisory Council, Stockholm, Sweden, 73 pp. Gilbert, A.J. and R. Janssen, 1998: Use of environmental functions to communicate the values of a mangrove ecosystem under different management regimes. Ecological Economics, 25(3), 323–346. Goldberg, E.D., 1994: Coastal Zone Space—Prelude to Conflict? IOC Ocean Forum I, UNESCO Publishing, Paris, France, 138 pp. Gommes, R., J. du Guerny, F. Nachtergaele and R. Brinkman, 1998: Potential Impacts of Sea-Level Rise on Populations and Agriculture. FAO SD-Dimensions Special, Food and Agricultural Organisation, Rome, Italy, http://www.fao.org/sd/eidirect/EIre0045.htm. Gordon, J.E., 1978: Structures—Or Why Things Don’t Fall Down. Penguin Books, Harmondsworth, UK, 395 pp. Gornitz, V., 2000: Impoundment, groundwater mining, and other hydrologic transformations: impacts on global sea level rise. In: Sea Level Rise: History and Consequences, B.C. Douglas, M.S. Kearney and S.P. Leatherman (eds.), Academic Press, San Diego, CA, USA, pp. 97–119. Gornitz, V.M., R.C. Daniels, T.W. White and K.R. Birdwell, 1994: The development of a coastal risk assessment database: vulnerability to sea-level rise in the U.S. Southeast. Journal of Coastal Research, special issue 12, 327– 338. 27
Page 1 and 2: COASTAL VULNERABILITY, RESILIENCE A
Page 3 and 4: This PhD thesis is dedicated to Mic
Page 5: Perhaps without knowing it, Richard
Page 8 and 9: viii
Page 11 and 12: Coastal Vulnerability, Resilience a
Page 13 and 14: pollution, and the maintenance of m
Page 15 and 16: » » » » » » » » » » » »
Page 17 and 18: level of 112.9 million metric tons,
Page 19 and 20: tems, especially in the light of an
Page 21 and 22: Irrespective of the primary cause o
Page 23 and 24: tations to sea-level rise (for a mo
Page 25 and 26: proaches (e.g., Harvey et al., 1999
Page 27 and 28: the traditional interpretation of r
Page 29 and 30: policy plan or decision. Instead, a
Page 31 and 32: implement decisions on the mix of u
Page 33 and 34: ganisations to consider the relevan
Page 35: conducted with Delft Hydraulics for
Page 39 and 40: Klein, R.J.T., R.J. Nicholls, S. Ra

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