Chemistry Manual 2012-2013 - Edison State College

Blake Schmidt - Appendix Page 61
Appendix
Plagiarism will not be tolerated. When paraphrasing another author, students should
maintain the main idea or point of the phrase using their own words, sentence structure and
proper citation. The following examples of paraphrasing have been included as a guide. Avoid
plagiarism because of unacceptable paraphrase. And remember, scientists generally do not use
direct quotes: they paraphrase.
Paraphrasing
Original Text
"At the moment, the evidence seems to favor an African Eve, because other genetic
studies (of nuclear DNA) also point to an origin there and because that's where the
earliest fossils of modern humans have been found. But wherever Eve's home was, the
rival geneticists agree that she lived relatively recently, and this is what provokes
anthropologists to start arguing--often with Biblical metaphors of their own."
From: Tierney, J. 1988 January 11. The Search for Adam and Eve. Newsweek, 23-25.
Unacceptable Paraphrase (Plagiarism)
Currently, evidence points to an African Eve, since nuclear DNA studies favor the same
starting point and early modern fossils of humans have been discovered there. However,
no matter where Eve was from, competitive geneticists believe that she existed more
recently. This makes anthropologists argue—many times with religious comparisons of
their own (Tierney 1988).
Acceptable Paraphrase
Tierney (1988) contends that both the fossil and genetic evidence suggest an "African
Eve." However, a major controversy between the geneticists and the anthropologists
centers around not where Eve originated, but when, with geneticists believing in a more
recent date.
The following two pages provide examples of how to cite using APA format, the chosen format
for most scientists. The examples show how to cite at the end of your paper (i.e. End-Text),
such as in a bibliography or reference section. They also show how to cite within the body of
your paper (i.e. In-Text), such as at the end of the sentence you are referencing. Please see me
if you have any trouble formatting your references. I would also recommend using a citation
machine: many are available on the web.