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TABLE OF CONTENTS Paragraphs CHRONOLOGY OF THE PROCEDURE 1-29 I. JURISDICTION OF THE COURT 30-41 II. ALLEGED VIOLATIONS OF INTERNATIONAL OBLIGATIONS UNDER THE CONVENTION 42-243 1. Introduction 42-50 A. General overview of the Convention 42-47 B. Claims by Australia and response by Japan 48-50 2. Interpretation of Article VIII, paragraph 1, of the Convention 51-97 A. The function of Article VIII 51-55 B. The relationship between Article VIII and the object and purpose of the Convention 56-58 C. The issuance of special permits 59-61 D. The standard of review 62-69 E. Meaning of the phrase “for purposes of scientific research” 70-97 (a) The term “scientific research” 73-86 (b) The meaning of the term “for purposes of” in Article VIII, paragraph 1 87-97 3. JARPA II in light of Article VIII of the Convention 98-227 A. Description of the programmes 100-126 (a) JARPA 100-108 (b) JARPA II 109-126 (i) Research objectives 113-118 (ii) Research period and area 119-120 (iii) Research methods and sample size 121-125 (iv) Effect on whale stocks 126 B. Whether the design and implementation of JARPA II are reasonable in relation to achieving the programme’s stated research objectives 127-227 (a) Japan’s decisions regarding the use of lethal methods 128-144 (b) The scale of the use of lethal methods in JARPA II 145-212
- ii - (i) A comparison of JARPA II sample sizes to JARPA sample sizes 147-156 (ii) Determination of species-specific sample sizes 157-198 (1) Fin and humpback whales 174-181 (2) Antarctic minke whales 182-198 (iii) Comparison of sample size to actual take 199-212 (c) Additional aspects of the design and implementation of JARPA II 213-222 (i) Open-ended time frame 214-216 (ii) Scientific output of JARPA II to date 217-219 (iii) Co-operation with other research institutions 220-222 (d) Conclusion regarding the application of Article VIII, paragraph 1, to JARPA II 223-227 4. Conclusions regarding alleged violations of the Schedule 228-233 5. Alleged non-compliance by Japan with its obligations under paragraph 30 of the Schedule 234-242 III. REMEDIES 244-246 OPERATIVE CLAUSE 247 ___________
Page 1: 31 MARCH 2014 JUDGMENT WHALING IN T
Page 5 and 6: - 2 - kill, take and treat whales f
Page 7 and 8: - 4 - JUDGMENT Present: President T
Page 9 and 10: - 6 - H.E. Mr. Koji Tsuruoka, Ambas
Page 11 and 12: - 8 - Mr. James Harrison, Ph.D., Le
Page 13 and 14: - 10 - 6. On 23 April 2012, the Pre
Page 15 and 16: - 12 - 17. By letters dated 23 Apri
Page 17 and 18: - 14 - 24. In the course of the wri
Page 19 and 20: - 16 - On behalf of the Government
Page 21 and 22: - 18 - Article VIII permits the gra
Page 23 and 24: - 20 - 34. Australia rejects Japan
Page 25 and 26: - 22 - Maritime Dispute case, “th
Page 27 and 28: - 24 - 46. Article VI of the Conven
Page 29 and 30: - 26 - “including the Moratorium
Page 31 and 32: - 28 - 60. According to Australia,
Page 33 and 34: - 30 - 71. In the view of the Court
Page 35 and 36: - 32 - 83. Article VIII expressly c
Page 37 and 38: - 34 - 91. First, Australia acknowl
Page 39 and 40: - 36 - 101. Australia takes the pos
Page 41 and 42: - 38 - (b) JARPA II 109. In March 2
Page 43 and 44: - 40 - 117. Objective No. 3. The th
Page 45 and 46: - 42 - JARPA II is for purposes of
Page 47 and 48: - 44 - account whether research obj
Page 49 and 50: - 46 - 146. Taking into account the
Page 51 and 52: - 48 - larger minke whale sample si
Page 53 and 54:
- 50 - of mature female whales. The
Page 55 and 56:
- 52 - scientific advantages over a
Page 57 and 58:
- 54 - addition to the problems spe
Page 59 and 60:
- 56 - 188. The evidence shows that
Page 61 and 62:
- 58 - calculations described in th
Page 63 and 64:
- 60 - 204. Japan refers in particu
Page 65 and 66:
- 62 - 210. Secondly, despite the f
Page 67 and 68:
- 64 - (iii) Co-operation with othe
Page 69 and 70:
- 66 - 4. Conclusions regarding all
Page 71 and 72:
- 68 - As previously noted, JARPA I
Page 73 and 74:
- 70 - 243. In view of the conclusi
Page 75 and 76:
- 72 - (5) By twelve votes to four,
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