AMD Opteron and Intel Xeon Performance ... - OpenMPE
AMD Opteron and Intel Xeon Performance ... - OpenMPE
AMD Opteron and Intel Xeon Performance ... - OpenMPE
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Importance of pipeline depth<br />
• Cons of deep pipelines:<br />
− Major issue is performance<br />
penalties when pipeline is<br />
disrupted by:<br />
• Branch mispredictions<br />
− Re-filling of pipeline is costly<br />
− Decreases IPC<br />
• Cache misses<br />
− Pipeline stalls are lengthy<br />
− Memory moves relatively<br />
farther away<br />
• Both are application dependent<br />
− Power usage is a function of<br />
frequency<br />
• Higher frequency = higher<br />
power usage<br />
<br />
10<br />
8<br />
6<br />
4<br />
2<br />
0<br />
<br />
30%<br />
70%<br />
<strong>Opteron</strong> Prestonia Nocona<br />
2.4GHz 3.2GHz 3.6GHz<br />
From “Increasing <strong>Performance</strong> by<br />
Implementing Deeper Pipelines”<br />
<strong>Intel</strong> Corporation, 2002<br />
18
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