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Macroeconomic Factors and Equity Prices - Pakistan Institute of ...

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correction model <strong>and</strong> . CUSUM <strong>and</strong> CUSUMSQ are with in the critical bounds <strong>of</strong> 5% that<br />

indicates that the model is structurally stable.<br />

This study facilitates the investors in taking effective investment decisions as by estimating the<br />

expected trends in exchange rates , money supply <strong>and</strong> interest they can estimate the future<br />

direction <strong>of</strong> equity prices <strong>and</strong> can allocate their resources more efficiently. Efficient market<br />

hypothesis provides that capital markets respond to arrival <strong>of</strong> new information so<br />

macroeconomic policies should be designed keeping in view the response <strong>of</strong> the capital market.<br />

Therefore, architects <strong>of</strong> monetary policy should be careful in revision <strong>of</strong> interest rates as capital<br />

market responds negatively to such decisions. Similarly, State Bank <strong>of</strong> <strong>Pakistan</strong> should also<br />

consider the impact <strong>of</strong> money supply on capital markets as has significant relationship with<br />

dynamic <strong>of</strong> equity returns.<br />

6. References<br />

Akmal M.S.(2007), “stock returns <strong>and</strong> inflation: an ARDL econometric investigation utilizing<br />

<strong>Pakistan</strong>i data” <strong>Pakistan</strong> Economic <strong>and</strong> Social Review Volume 45, No. 1 pp. 89-105<br />

Amihud, Y. (1996), Unexpected inflation <strong>and</strong> stock returns revised – Evidence from Israel.<br />

Journal <strong>of</strong> Money Credit <strong>and</strong> Banking, Volume 28, pp. 22-33<br />

Bahmani-Oskooee, M. <strong>and</strong> A. Nasir (2004), “ARDL approach to test the productivity bias<br />

hypothesis”, Review <strong>of</strong> Development Economics J., Volume 8, pp. 483-488.<br />

Boudhouch <strong>and</strong> Richarson (1993), “Stock returns <strong>and</strong> inflation: A long-horizon prospective” ,<br />

American Economic Review, pp.1346-1355.<br />

Beenstock, M. <strong>and</strong> Chan, K.F. 1998, “Economic Forces in the London Stock Market”, Oxford<br />

Bulletin <strong>of</strong> Economics <strong>and</strong> Statistics, 50 (1): 27-39.<br />

Burmeister, E. <strong>and</strong> K.D.Wall (1986), “The Arbitrage Pricing Theory <strong>and</strong> <strong>Macroeconomic</strong> Factor<br />

Measures”, The Financial Review, Vol.21, no.1, pp.1-20<br />

Burmeister,E. <strong>and</strong> M.B.McElroy (1988), “Joint Estimation <strong>of</strong> Factor Sensitivities <strong>and</strong> Risk<br />

Premia for the Arbitrage Pricing Theory”, The Journal <strong>of</strong> Finance, Vol.43, no.3, pp.721-735<br />

Chen, N.(1983),“Some Empirical Tests <strong>of</strong> the Theory <strong>of</strong> Arbitrage Pricing”, The Journal <strong>of</strong><br />

Finance, Vol.38, pp.1393-1414.<br />

Chen, N. F., Roll, R., & Ross, S. (1986) , “Economic forces <strong>and</strong> the stock market”, Journal <strong>of</strong><br />

Business, 59, 383-403.<br />

Dickey, D.A. <strong>and</strong> Fuller, W.A. (1979),” Distribution for the Estimators for Autoregressive Time<br />

Series with Unit Root”, Journal <strong>of</strong> American Statistical Association, 74, 427-431.

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