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Acknowledgements ix mutual admiration of the novels of John Cowper Powys continues to be a major bond – and Richard Schofield (the final editor of Solidarity), as also John Doheny in Vancouver, but whose death in January 2005 was a sorry blow. Much more recently Alastair Reid has joined this group. Having read sample chapters for another publisher, he established contact and has commented most empathetically, yet also critically, on each section of the book as it was completed. I only hope that the totality will not prove a disappointment. Various portions of this book have been previously published, as follows, and I am exceptionally grateful to the respective editors and publishers for their encouragement and comments and enabling the present work to emerge. Chapter 5 is a revised version of ‘A Cult of Sensations: John Cowper Powys’s Life-Philosophy and Individualist Anarchism’, Powys Journal, XIV (2004). Parts of chapters 6 and 7 first appeared in ‘The Politics of John Cowper Powys’, Powys Review, no. 15 (1984–5). Chapter 8 is a revision of ‘Introduction’, Herbert Read, A One-Man Manifesto and Other Writings for Freedom Press (London: Freedom Press, 1994), which later appeared as part of ‘Introduction’ and as ‘The Politics of Herbert Read’ in David Goodway (ed.), Herbert Read Reassessed (Liverpool: Liverpool University Press, 1998). The second half of chapter 10 was published as ‘Aldous Huxley as Anarchist’, in Ian Angus (ed.), Anarcho-Modernism: Toward a New Critical Theory: In Honour of Jerry Zaslove (Vancouver: Talonbooks, 2001). Chapter 11 is a revised version of ‘Introduction’, David Goodway (ed.), Against Power and Death: The Anarchist Articles and Pamphlets of Alex Comfort (London: Freedom Press, 1994). Parts of Chapters 10 and 11 also appeared in ‘Aldous Huxley and Alex Comfort: A Comparison’, in H. Gustav Klaus and Stephen Knight (eds.), ‘To Hell with Culture’: Anarchism and Twentieth-Century English Literature (Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 2005). Some of chapter 12 appeared as parts of ‘E.P. Thompson and the Making of The Making of the English Working Class’, in Richard Taylor (ed.), Beyond the Walls: 50 Years of Adult and Continuing Education at the University of Leeds, 1946–1996 (Leeds: The University of Leeds, 1996) and of ‘Muggletonian Marxism’, Anarchist Studies, VI (1998) and as ‘E.P. Thompson and William Morris’, in Peter Faulkner and Peter Preston (eds.), William Morris: Centenary Essays (Exeter: University of Exeter Press, 1999). Chapter 13 is a revision of ‘Introduction’, David Goodway (ed.), For Workers’ Power: The Selected Writings of Maurice Brinton (Oakland, CA: AK Press, 2004). Chapter 14 is an extended version of ‘The Anarchism of Colin Ward’, in Ken Worpole (ed.), Richer Futures: Fashioning a New Politics (London: Earthscan, 1999), which later served as ‘Introduzione’, David Goodway, Conversazioni con Colin Ward (Milan: Elèuthera, 2003) and in English as ‘Introduction’, Colin Ward and David Goodway, Talking Anarchy (Nottingham: Five Leaves, 2003). My final debt, as attentive readers will have noticed, is to the woman to whom Anarchist Seeds beneath the Snow is dedicated. Keighley, August 2005
Abbreviations AIT CGT CND CNT CPGB DAC END FAI FPSI ILP IWMA IWW LRC OECD POUM PPU RCP RSG SDF SIA SLL SLP CC GA MC Asociación Internacional de los Trabajadores Confédération Général du Travail Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament Conferación Nacional del Trabajo Communist Party of Great Britain Direct Action Committee against Nuclear War European Nuclear Disarmament Federación Anarquista Ibérica Federation of Progressive Societies and Individuals Independent Labour Party International Workingmen’s Association Industrial Workers of the World Labour Representation Committee Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development Partido Obrero de Unificación Marxista Peace Pledge Union Revolutionary Communist Party Regional Seat of Government Social Democratic Federation Solidaridad Internacional Antifascista Socialist Labour League Socialist Labour Party Carpenter Collection Goldman Archive Mattison Collection x
Page 2: Anarchist Seeds beneath the Snow
Page 5 and 6: First published 2006 by Liverpool U
Page 7 and 8: For Che Mah without whose love, com
Page 9: viii Anarchist Seeds beneath the Sn
Page 14 and 15: 1 Introduction This book was strong
Page 16 and 17: Introduction 3 that ‘the represen
Page 18 and 19: Introduction 5 such features as aut
Page 20 and 21: Introduction 7 movement in their na
Page 22 and 23: Introduction 9 Kropotkin and Elisé
Page 24 and 25: Introduction 11 Oscar Wilde, dramat
Page 26 and 27: Introduction 13 in France at the be
Page 28 and 29: 2 Anarchism and libertarian sociali
Page 30 and 31: Anarchism and libertarian socialism
Page 48 and 49: 3 Edward Carpenter Edward Carpenter
Page 50 and 51: Edward Carpenter 37 Charles Carpent
Page 52 and 53: Edward Carpenter 39 astronomy from
Page 54 and 55: Edward Carpenter 41 a lamp or candl
Page 56 and 57: Edward Carpenter 43 out over a thin
Page 58 and 59: Edward Carpenter 45 Fearnehoughs. T
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Edward Carpenter 47 the living room
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Edward Carpenter 49 and deep-rooted
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Edward Carpenter 51 of 1931, had be
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Edward Carpenter 53 Although Carpen
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Edward Carpenter 55 mutual helpfuln
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Edward Carpenter 57 by custom that
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Edward Carpenter 59 York, certainly
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Edward Carpenter 61 Pansies and a d
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Oscar Wilde 63 In all of this a not
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Oscar Wilde 65 time inhabiting diff
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Oscar Wilde 67 with ‘The Soul of
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Oscar Wilde 69 guished consideratio
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Oscar Wilde 71 Wilde’s opposition
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Oscar Wilde 73 bedience and rebelli
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Oscar Wilde 75 Kropotkin naming him
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Oscar Wilde 77 the dynamite policy
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Oscar Wilde 79 From the viewpoint o
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Oscar Wilde 81 Anarchist (1887). Al
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Oscar Wilde 83 The four years after
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Oscar Wilde 85 social, political an
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Oscar Wilde 87 ‘Oscar Wilde witho
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Oscar Wilde 89 Bell considered that
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Oscar Wilde 91 he went to see after
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5 John Cowper Powys I: His life-phi
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John Cowper Powys I 95 From 1905 he
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John Cowper Powys I 97 regard. Read
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John Cowper Powys I 99 Egoism, the
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John Cowper Powys I 101 It is, inde
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John Cowper Powys I 103 The interes
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John Cowper Powys I 105 But here we
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John Cowper Powys I 107 previous de
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John Cowper Powys I 109 those vario
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John Cowper Powys I 111 to misinter
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John Cowper Powys I 113 possible ou
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John Cowper Powys I 115 appear to b
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John Cowper Powys I 117 cosmic emot
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John Cowper Powys I 119 it that the
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John Cowper Powys I 121 Homer, Rabe
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6 The Spanish Revolution and Civil
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The Spanish Revolution and Civil Wa
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Page 148 and 149:
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Page 160 and 161:
Page 162 and 163:
7 John Cowper Powys II: The impact
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John Cowper Powys II 151 of the ‘
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John Cowper Powys II 153 neither an
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John Cowper Powys II 155 to the win
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John Cowper Powys II 157 and religi
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John Cowper Powys II 159 Had Powys,
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John Cowper Powys II 161 to take su
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John Cowper Powys II 163 a revoluti
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John Cowper Powys II 165 books of a
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John Cowper Powys II 167 It was the
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John Cowper Powys II 169 My gods
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John Cowper Powys II 171 Uranus was
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John Cowper Powys II 173 the Power
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8 Herbert Read John Cowper Powys wa
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Herbert Read 177 Socialism during t
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Herbert Read 179 In The Demon of Pr
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Herbert Read 181 Read became a regu
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Herbert Read 183 so disappointed by
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Herbert Read 185 From around 1930 R
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Herbert Read 187 Painting should ha
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Herbert Read 189 philosophy, educat
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Herbert Read 191 (and the total is
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Herbert Read 193 Gordon Porteous an
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Herbert Read 195 we ingeniously con
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Herbert Read 197 It is not often re
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Herbert Read 199 unhappiness and so
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Herbert Read 201 And yet he was a m
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War and pacifism 203 chancellor, th
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War and pacifism 205 anarchism, the
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War and pacifism 207 The early mont
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War and pacifism 209 Woodcock recal
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War and pacifism 211 Ostergaard’s
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Aldous Huxley 213 He was then born
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Aldous Huxley 215 This phase of Hux
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Aldous Huxley 217 according to Naom
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Aldous Huxley 219 democratic order
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Aldous Huxley 221 flow and was shel
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Aldous Huxley 223 is not the point
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Aldous Huxley 225 edited by Huxley
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Aldous Huxley 227 Huxley’s own tr
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Aldous Huxley 229 Of the 149 writer
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Aldous Huxley 231 on an independenc
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Aldous Huxley 233 Revisited and Isl
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Aldous Huxley 235 single character
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Aldous Huxley 237 merely free and g
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Alex Comfort 239 County Council, an
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Alex Comfort 241 Honorary Research
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Alex Comfort 243 Essen factories. B
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Alex Comfort 245 (published in 1944
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Alex Comfort 247 and in ‘The End
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Alex Comfort 249 aspirations of the
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Alex Comfort 251 contemporary polit
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Alex Comfort 253 bring in outsiders
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Alex Comfort 255 who share anything
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Alex Comfort 257 During the 1960s C
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Alex Comfort 259 human relationship
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Nuclear disarmament and the New Lef
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Christopher Pallis 289 issue (May 1
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Christopher Pallis 291 Fascists and
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Christopher Pallis 293 Christopher
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Christopher Pallis 295 ciation, bot
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Christopher Pallis 297 been struck
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Christopher Pallis 299 decades late
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Christopher Pallis 301 His predicti
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Christopher Pallis 303 outstanding
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Christopher Pallis 305 ‘class-str
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Christopher Pallis 307 and Maoists,
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14 Colin Ward Colin Ward is one of
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Colin Ward 311 him to submit articl
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Colin Ward 313 Kropotkin. Ideas and
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Colin Ward 315 he was in charge of
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Colin Ward 317 George Woodcock obse
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Colin Ward 319 be said that some wo
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Colin Ward 321 An Anarchist Approac
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Colin Ward 323 drew attention to th
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Colin Ward 325 Colin Ward sees anar
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Conclusion 327 ideas which are take
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Conclusion 329 the very picky Stuar
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Conclusion 331 France had formerly
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Conclusion 333 class community had
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Conclusion 335 Anarchist Theory of
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Conclusion 337 relevance today when
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Bibliography Manuscript and other c
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Bibliography 341 Shaw, Bernard, ‘
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Bibliography 343 Poems in Prose (Ox
Page 358 and 359:
Bibliography 345 Letters from John
Page 360 and 361:
Bibliography 347 Hill, Cicely, ‘
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Bibliography 349 Coppard, Audrey, a
Page 364 and 365:
Bibliography 351 Read, Herbert, To
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Bibliography 353 Biographies, remin
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Bibliography 355 Comfort, Alex, Soc
Page 370 and 371:
Bibliography 357 Webb, W.L., ‘A T
Page 372 and 373:
Bibliography 359 Ward, Colin, ‘Or
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Bibliography 361 Nevinson, Henry W[
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Bibliography 363 Woodcock, George,
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Bibliography 365 Boston, Richard,
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Bibliography 367 Kropotkin, Peter,
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Bibliography 369 Tom Maguire, A Rem
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Bibliography 371 Carroll, John, Max
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Bibliography 373 Gardiner, Wrey,
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Bibliography 375 Jepson, N.A., The
Page 390 and 391:
Bibliography 377 Gollancz, 1973) Mu
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Bibliography 379 Sloan, John, John
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Bibliography 381 Young, Nigel, An I
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Index 383 BEE (Bulletin of Environm
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Index 385 Barbarism and Sexual Free
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Index 387 Faure, Sébastien, 8-9 Fa
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Index 389 Point Counter Point, 214,
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Index 391 Mann, Thomas, 310 Mann, T
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Index 393 Owen, W. C., 12 Oxford An
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Index 395 pre-Socratics, 114 Priest
Page 410 and 411:
Index 397 Sacco, Nicola, 151n Sacco
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Index 399 Tracy, Honor, 227 Trades
Page 414:
Index 401 and Orwell, 76, 140, 143-
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