Half year experience from Daikin NZEB - rehva
Half year experience from Daikin NZEB - rehva
Half year experience from Daikin NZEB - rehva
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Net Zero Energy Office Building<br />
Germany, Ruhr region<br />
1st part of <strong>Daikin</strong> nZEB project<br />
Achim Zeller – Athoka GmbH<br />
Ansgar Thiemann – <strong>Daikin</strong> Europe NV<br />
Bart Van Reeth – <strong>Daikin</strong> Europe NV<br />
Public
Public<br />
Overview of the presentation<br />
1. Background … the way towards …<br />
2. <strong>Daikin</strong>’s net Zero Energy Project<br />
3. Net Zero Energy Office Building<br />
4. Experience since building is occupied<br />
°<br />
Environmental Application Research<br />
2
Public<br />
The way towards…<br />
Economic<br />
development<br />
ENERGY<br />
LEGISLATION<br />
BUILDINGS<br />
Global<br />
warming<br />
20% less primary energy use<br />
compared to 2020 projection<br />
Energy<br />
independency<br />
ZERO ENERGY<br />
ENERGY<br />
CHALLENGES<br />
TASKS<br />
CO2 emissions: 20%<br />
reduction by 2020<br />
20% share of renewable<br />
energy sources by 2020<br />
THE PROJECT<br />
EU 20 – 20 – 20 policy<br />
°<br />
Environmental Application Research<br />
3
Public<br />
The way towards…<br />
ENERGY<br />
LEGISLATION<br />
BUILDINGS<br />
ZERO ENERGY<br />
CHALLENGES<br />
20 % less<br />
primary energy<br />
20 % less<br />
CO 2 emissions<br />
1. Ecodesign Directive (criteria under development)<br />
Water heaters, boilers, air conditioners, heat pumps, …<br />
2. Energy labels (addition and revision ongoing)<br />
3. Energy performance of buildings Directive (recast)<br />
4. Ecolabel : the EU ecoflower<br />
5. Energy Service Directive<br />
6. Combined Heat & Power (CHP) directive<br />
7. Regulation on fluorinated greenhouse gases<br />
F gas regulation in force 2011<br />
8. Emission Trading<br />
TASKS<br />
THE PROJECT<br />
20 % share<br />
renewable<br />
energy<br />
9. The Renewable Energy Source directive<br />
Incl. aerothermal, hydrothermal & geothermal energy<br />
°<br />
Environmental Application Research<br />
4
Public<br />
The way towards…<br />
ENERGY<br />
Energy use in building is of high importance + big saving potential<br />
Primary energy consumption with EU<br />
LEGISLATION<br />
BUILDINGS<br />
Source: Eurostat<br />
ZERO ENERGY<br />
CHALLENGES<br />
33% of total energy consumption is<br />
HVAC related<br />
business<br />
TASKS<br />
Estimated energy consumption<br />
reduction potential in 2020<br />
THE PROJECT<br />
Energy Performance of Buildings Directive<br />
°<br />
Environmental Application Research<br />
Source: EU commission 5
Energy<br />
net Zero Energy Buildings using heatpumps<br />
are part of solution for intelligent grids<br />
Public<br />
…even if they are contributing to the trouble by definition:<br />
ENERGY<br />
LEGISLATION<br />
Energy conservation<br />
e.g. insulation, ..<br />
Generation of renewable<br />
energy on site<br />
e.g. Photovoltaic,<br />
wind energy,…<br />
BUILDINGS<br />
ZERO ENERGY<br />
Net ZERO ENERGY BUILDING<br />
Simplified definition:<br />
Produce as much energy (export) as<br />
you use (import) during a <strong>year</strong>.<br />
CHALLENGES<br />
Production<br />
Consumption<br />
TASKS<br />
THE PROJECT<br />
°<br />
Environmental Application Research<br />
winter Summer winter<br />
1 <strong>year</strong><br />
time<br />
6
Capacity<br />
net Zero Energy Buildings using heatpumps<br />
are part of solution for intelligent grids<br />
Public<br />
ENERGY<br />
(MW)<br />
storage Storage period<br />
usage Usage period<br />
LEGISLATION<br />
Overcapacity of<br />
renewable energy<br />
Peaks in demand<br />
BUILDINGS<br />
18x negative<br />
prices at EEX*<br />
Base load power<br />
plant operation 1.<br />
Peak price up to<br />
€1500 / MWh<br />
ZERO ENERGY<br />
*European Energy Exchange<br />
(Germany) 2009<br />
Base load power plant operation 2.<br />
Graph: Italy energy demand on the 01/07/2006<br />
(h)<br />
CHALLENGES<br />
TASKS<br />
Utility companies<br />
Avoid start-up peak plant<br />
Want to cut demand<br />
<strong>Daikin</strong><br />
Guarantee comfort<br />
Possibility to control demand<br />
THE PROJECT<br />
°<br />
Environmental Application Research<br />
net Zero Energy Building<br />
integrated heatpump solution<br />
= access to storage<br />
7
Cost<br />
Public<br />
Target:<br />
Economically feasible net Zero Energy Building<br />
Legislation recast<br />
Current net zero<br />
energy building<br />
ENERGY<br />
Optimum now<br />
LEGISLATION<br />
Total cost<br />
BUILDINGS<br />
Running cost<br />
ZERO ENERGY<br />
CHALLENGES<br />
TASKS<br />
THE PROJECT<br />
Environmental ° Application Research<br />
net Zero<br />
Energy<br />
renewable energy<br />
e.g. photovoltaic<br />
passive measures<br />
e.g. insulation<br />
heatpump e.g. <strong>Daikin</strong> Altherma<br />
Investment cost<br />
net Energy Consumption<br />
simplified model<br />
8
Cost<br />
Current net zero<br />
energy building<br />
ENERGY<br />
Public<br />
Target:<br />
Economically feasible net Zero Energy Building<br />
Legislation recast<br />
use <strong>Daikin</strong> Zeffle IR reflective coating = gain more with less<br />
combine <strong>Daikin</strong> Altherma-VRV = efficiency<br />
Optimum now<br />
LEGISLATION<br />
Research target<br />
nZEB Herten<br />
BUILDINGS<br />
Total cost<br />
Running cost<br />
ZERO ENERGY<br />
CHALLENGES<br />
TASKS<br />
THE PROJECT<br />
Environmental ° Application Research<br />
net Zero<br />
Energy<br />
renewable energy<br />
e.g. photovoltaic<br />
passive measures<br />
e.g. insulation<br />
heatpump e.g. <strong>Daikin</strong> Altherma<br />
Investment cost<br />
net Energy Consumption<br />
simplified model<br />
9
Public<br />
The way towards…<br />
ENERGY<br />
LEGISLATION<br />
BUILDINGS<br />
Current product evaluation / level-up solutions<br />
Gain knowledge on calculation methodology in MS<br />
Inform decision makers in the MS & EU commission<br />
Promote our present solution for nZEB<br />
ZERO ENERGY<br />
CHALLENGES<br />
TASKS<br />
New technology / product evaluation<br />
Prepare economically feasible solution<br />
Get advantage for next calculation methodology in MS<br />
Inform decision makers in the MS & EU commission<br />
THE PROJECT<br />
°<br />
Environmental Application Research<br />
10
Public<br />
ENERGY<br />
LEGISLATION<br />
BUILDINGS<br />
Net Zero Energy Office Building<br />
ZERO ENERGY<br />
CHALLENGES<br />
TASKS<br />
THE PROJECT<br />
°<br />
Environmental Application Research<br />
11
Public<br />
Building concept<br />
Location: Herten, Ruhr region, Germany<br />
Warehouse (1 floor)<br />
Office (2 floors)<br />
°<br />
Environmental Application Research<br />
12
35.5<br />
16.3<br />
Public<br />
Boundary condition: Plans / Blueprints<br />
Warehouse 800 m²<br />
Office<br />
535m² (305m² + 230m²)<br />
51.0<br />
Thermal characteristics:<br />
16.0<br />
Outdoor Wall<br />
Roof<br />
Floor<br />
Windows<br />
0,23 W/m²K.<br />
0,16 W/m²K<br />
0,24 W/m²K<br />
1,30 W/m²K<br />
°<br />
Environmental Application Research<br />
13
Public<br />
Building Zones<br />
Ground Level<br />
°<br />
Environmental Application Research<br />
14
Public<br />
Building Zones<br />
Level 1<br />
°<br />
Environmental Application Research<br />
15
Public<br />
Technical Concept<br />
Heating<br />
Cooling<br />
Ventilation<br />
Lighting<br />
Power generation<br />
Energy-monitoring<br />
<strong>Daikin</strong> Altherma – Air to Water heat pump<br />
with floor heating<br />
VRV – Air to Air heat pump<br />
used for heating<br />
VRV – Air to Air heat pump<br />
Cooling + dehumidification in summer<br />
<strong>Daikin</strong> Altherma<br />
VAM – heat recovery ventilation<br />
Sensible and latent heat recovery<br />
Use of LED-technology for night-lighting and spot-lighting<br />
Thin film Photovoltaic with 27,3 kWp<br />
Building management system<br />
°<br />
Environmental Application Research<br />
16
Public<br />
<strong>Daikin</strong> Altherma<br />
Heat load of the building: 13,3 kW<br />
Ground floor: 7,4 kW for 305m² + 300l DHW<br />
Level 1: 5,8 kW for 240 m²<br />
2 circuits – 2 outdoor units<br />
ERLQ008BAV3<br />
ERLQ007BAV3<br />
HEATING (prim E)<br />
Specific<br />
kWh/m²a<br />
Absolute<br />
kWh/a<br />
44 23.614,48<br />
In comparison with reference building<br />
Ref.<br />
100<br />
nZEB<br />
% ref<br />
52<br />
0 20 40 60 80 100 120<br />
°<br />
Environmental Application Research<br />
17
Public<br />
<strong>Daikin</strong> VRV heat pump<br />
Outdoor unit<br />
Design cool loads:<br />
RXYQ8P8<br />
Nominal cooling<br />
capacity: 22,4 kW<br />
Indoor unit<br />
11 indoor units<br />
Different types<br />
COOLING (prim E)<br />
Specific<br />
kWh/m²a<br />
Absolute<br />
kWh/a<br />
Ref.<br />
In comparison with reference building<br />
100<br />
14,07 7.519,51<br />
nZEB<br />
44<br />
°<br />
Environmental Application Research<br />
% ref<br />
0 20 40 60 80 100 18120
Public<br />
<strong>Daikin</strong> VAM heat recovery ventilation<br />
VAM units<br />
Ground floor<br />
Supply air: 863 m³/h<br />
VAM1000FAVE<br />
Ref.<br />
In comparison with reference building<br />
100<br />
Level 1<br />
Supply air: 400 m³/h<br />
VAM650FAVE<br />
nZEB<br />
% ref<br />
30<br />
0 20 40 60 80 100 120<br />
Efficiency heat recovery: 71,8%<br />
VENTILATION (prim E)<br />
Specific<br />
kWh/m²a<br />
Absolute<br />
kWh/a<br />
6,83 3.650,21<br />
°<br />
Environmental Application Research<br />
19
Energy demand/production<br />
heat demand<br />
Heat pumps are inevitable<br />
Public<br />
- contributing as much as photovoltaic to net Zero Energy Buildings<br />
0<br />
heating<br />
Calculation* in final energy (kWh/a)<br />
generation<br />
-28000<br />
-9.082 .<br />
remark: standard design indoor<br />
temperature in Germany:<br />
heating: 20°C<br />
cooling: Environmental 26°C ° Application Research<br />
cooling<br />
-2.892<br />
hot water<br />
ventilation<br />
lighting<br />
-2.142 -1.403<br />
Renewable<br />
Energy<br />
contribution by<br />
Heatpumps<br />
-6.379<br />
energy<br />
demand<br />
to be<br />
compensated<br />
21.900<br />
>21.900<br />
Renewable<br />
Energy<br />
contribution by<br />
Photovoltaics<br />
Renewable energy<br />
part due to Heatpump<br />
*methodology: non-residential building DIN V 18599<br />
20
Public<br />
Measuring & monitoring<br />
Temperature sensors<br />
- Room temperature<br />
- Ventilation air temperature<br />
- Floor contact temperature<br />
- PV tube temperature<br />
- Outdoor temperature<br />
- Roof temperature<br />
Total more than 500 sensors installed<br />
Duct temp. &<br />
humidity sensor<br />
Thermal radiation<br />
Humidity sensors<br />
- Outdoor humidity<br />
- Room humidity<br />
Strap on temp. sensor<br />
CO 2 sensor<br />
Power meters<br />
- Electricity<br />
Other sensors<br />
- CO2 concentrations<br />
- Solar radiation<br />
- Presence detection<br />
- Window/door contacts<br />
- Weather station<br />
- <strong>Daikin</strong> equipment operation<br />
Environmental ° Application Research<br />
Power meter<br />
Weather station<br />
21
Public<br />
Measuring & monitoring<br />
Sensors:<br />
Measurement &<br />
Visualisation<br />
System<br />
• electronic data recording every 15 min<br />
• Web-based data management<br />
DAIKIN + Research Partners<br />
°<br />
Environmental Application Research<br />
22
Public<br />
Project partners<br />
RESEARCH TOPICS:<br />
Indoor Air Quality / Comfort / Ventilation / Energy saving<br />
Alternative solutions<br />
Potential of <strong>Daikin</strong> concept & environmental impact<br />
Influence of different climates<br />
Monitoring of <strong>Daikin</strong> Altherma-VRV combination<br />
Alternative solutions<br />
Net Zero Energy Building (nZEB) concept<br />
Design alternative concept, modelling in TRNSYS<br />
EnergieForschungRuhr<br />
ef • Ruhr<br />
DuisburgEssenBochumDortmund<br />
Relation of Building Energy Management of<br />
<strong>Daikin</strong> test nZEB and intelligent grid<br />
°<br />
Environmental Application Research<br />
23
Public<br />
First <strong>experience</strong><br />
Building is occupied since 1 st of November 2010<br />
Construction phase: supervision of execution is highly important<br />
Ventilation: installation and commissioning is decisive to reach target efficiency<br />
Calculation of Net Zero Energy Building (nZEB) level accordingly to EPBD,<br />
Energy Performance of Buildings Directive, shows difference to reality<br />
Net Zero Energy Building (nZEB) concept requires good calculation<br />
methodology in order to reach net zero energy level in reality<br />
=> We are on track but not yet economically feasible.<br />
Our target is to learn in phase 1 about how to come to economically<br />
feasible solutions for net Zero Energy Buildings<br />
which reach to zero in reality, only real nZEB will contribute to achieve<br />
EU 20-20-20 targets.<br />
°<br />
Environmental Application Research<br />
24
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