Plate Boundaries 3 main types of boundaries Divergent boundary

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$Unit 2- Measurements, Math, and the Mole$

Geologic phenomena at divergent boundaries: * = unique to divergent boundaries – Iceland* (formed right on top of Mid- Atlantic Ridge) – Volcanoes – Earthquakes – Mountains • Fault-block mountains (one side is dropping lower as crust spreads) – Mid-Ocean Ridges* – Rift Valleys* – Spreading Zones* • Crust is spread out and stretched as plates move apart. Mid-Ocean Ridges • New crust created here. • See “Evidences of Plate Tectonics” Notes for more detail. Rift valleys (divergent) •A deep valley formed by the two plates moving away from each other. •Crust warps downward, spreads, eventually “breaks” (boundary comes to surface) Example: Great Rift Valley in East Africa 2
Convergent boundary • Plates move toward each other and collide. • Crust is destroyed here. • Subduction: Where one plate sinks underneath another and is forced into the mantle (then melted) Geologic phenomena at convergent boundaries – Volcanoes – Earthquakes – Mountains • Folded mountains (crust crumples/folds upward) – Trenches/subduction zones* – Volcanic Island Arcs (ocean-ocean boundary)* Types of Convergent boundaries Continent-Oceanic • Ocean plate collides with a continent. • Ocean plate sinks. • Forms a trench. – Trench: also called a subduction zone, where one plate subducts under the other. 3
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Plate Boundaries 3 main types of boundaries Divergent boundary

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