Kambai Forest Reserve: A biodiversity survey. - Coastal Forests of ...

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4 Kambai Forest Reserve 3.0 DESCRIPTION OF THE FOREST 3.1 General description Kambai forest reserve is located in the East Usambara Mountains, Tanzania at the grid reference 38 o 42’E 5 o 00’S. Administratively, Kambai falls under the Muheza district. Kambai forest reserve is situated in the Sigi-Muzi valley in the central area of the East Usambaras (Figure 1). The reserve includes two ridges, one lying on a north-south axis, and the other in the southern extension of the reserve, lying on an east-west axis. In this southern area the slope is steeper than that of the north-south ridge (Figure 2). The Miembeni river runs between these two ridges from the south-west to the east side of the reserve. This river then drains into the Sigi river, which is the main source of water for Tanga town. Throughout the reserve there are many dry rocky riverbeds and many well used paths. The altitudinal zonation ranges from 200 m to 870 m, thus two major types of forest exist: lowland and submontane (Hamilton, 1989). The most recent survey of the area, was carried out by Hyytiäinen (1995), and updated by Johansson & Sandy (1996). The results are summarised in Table 1 below and indicate that the majority of Kambai forest reserve can be classified as ‘dense lowland forest’, forest that is more or less similar to the original forest species composition with an unbroken crown cover. Lowland forest has been classified as occurring up to 850 m (Hamilton, 1989). Farmland surrounds the forest reserve on all sides with a 50 m buffer zone existing along much of the border. Table 1. Land use distribution (Johansson & Sandy, 1996). Forest Class Area (ha) Percent (%) Dense lowland forest 849.6 81.2 Poorly stocked lowland forest 78.8 7.5 Cultivation under lowland forests 40.0 3.8 Bushland 65.0 6.2 Peasant cultivation 10.4 1.0 Barren land 2.5 0.2 Total for the reserve 1,046.3 100.0 3.1.1 History and Status Kambai forest was gazetted as a forest reserve in 1994. The area east of the reserve has been, since the early 1900's, part of the Sigi-Miembeni Sisal Estate. The Estate closed around 1969. This land is now leased to a government parastatal company called SHUWIMU (Shirika la Uchumi la Wilaya ya Muheza - Development Corporation of the District of Muheza). Since the Sikh Sawmills ceased timber production on the SHUWIMU land in the 1960's, there has been no further development on this land. Newspaper reports however suggest that the parastatal may begin development of an orange tree estate (Nipashe, 1996). Table 2. Status of Kambai forest reserve. Name Status Size (ha) Gazettement Notice and Date Kambai Forest Reserve 1046.3 GN 310 (1994) East Usambara Catchment Forest Project Technical Paper 35
Kambai Forest Reserve 5 Bombo East II P.F.R. Mpanga V.F.R Mgambo F.R Bombo East I P.F.R Mtai F.R. N Nilo F.R. Kwamgumi F.R. Mlungui P.F.R. Semdoe P.F.R Segoma. F.R. Bamba Ridge F.R. Handei V.F.R. Kambai F.R. Longuza (north) F.R. Kwamarimba F.R. Manga F.R. Mlinga F.R. Magoroto F.R. Amani Nature Reserve 0 1 2 3 4 5 10 km Figure 1. The location of Kambai forest reserve in relation to other East Usambara forests. East Usambara Catchment Forest Project Technical Paper 35
Page 1 and 2: TECHNICAL PAPER 35 Kambai Forest Re
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Kambai Forest Reserve 55 6.4.4 Amph
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Kambai Forest Reserve 57 Table 24.
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Kambai Forest Reserve 59 Figure 28.
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Kambai Forest Reserve 61 6.4.5 Inve
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Kambai Forest Reserve 63 6.5 Summar
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Kambai Forest Reserve 65 Endemic St
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Kambai Forest Reserve 67 Figure 30.
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Kambai Forest Reserve 69 7.0 SOCIO-
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Kambai Forest Reserve 71 7.3.4 Fore
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Kambai Forest Reserve 73 7.3.6 Deve
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Kambai Forest Reserve 75 8.0 CONCLU
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Kambai Forest Reserve 77 9.0 REFERE
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Kambai Forest Reserve 79 Shaka, J.M
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Appendix 1: General Plot Informatio
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East Usambara Catchment Forest Proj
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