Herbicide Residue Drift Injury - Canola Council of Canada

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36 Foliar Herbicide Injury Foliar Herbicide Injury Introduction Canola injury from foliar-applied herbicides may be caused by drift from adjacent fields or from spray tank contamination. Drift injury generally occurs at field edges or at shelterbelts. However, highly volatile herbicides such as 2,4-D ester, may drift further into the field. In young plants (1– 4 leaf stage), drift injury is easily distinguished from residue injury, since drift causes injury on a larger leaf area. In older plants, drift injury cannot be visually distinguished from residue injury. However, a bioassay can provide information to distinguish between injury types. Injury due to spray tank contamination occurs when spray tanks, booms, filters or sump pumps are improperly cleaned between herbicide applications. Residue in the tank, sumps or filters may affect a larger area compared to residue in the booms or spray jets. Boom and spray jet contamination may dissipate after a few passes with the sprayer, and injury patterns should match the application.
OBJECTIVES AND METHODS This section is intended to show injury levels and symptoms for different herbicides at various rates, and includes results of trials on specific herbicides at varying rates. Other herbicide Group symptoms included in this booklet are based on general herbicide activity and were not specifically tested for drift symptoms. To generate photographs and descriptions of injury from Sundance, Odyssey, 2,4-D, MCPA, glyphosate and Liberty, canola was grown in field plots and sprayed at the 3- and 5-leaf stages. Herbicides were applied at 1, 2, 5, 10 and 20% of selected rates to simulate injury due to drift and/or tank contamination. Glyphosate was applied at 30% of the selected rate. Glyphosate-tolerant canola was used in all plots except plots receiving glyphosate herbicide. OBSERVATIONS For the products included in the trials, canola sensitivity to simulated drift was greatest with Group 2 herbicides, followed by Groups 4 and 11 and then Group 9. Within Group 2 herbicides, foliar application of sulfonylurea herbicides caused damage at lower rates than imidazolinones. At low rates, apparently mild symptoms resulted in floral disruption and reduced pod fill. Canola was relatively tolerant to glyphosate and plants were unaffected until the 30% rate was applied. In general, increasing the herbicide rate resulted in earlier appearance of symptoms and increased symptom severity. Recognizing Herbicide Residue and Drift Injury in Canola 37
Page 1 and 2: Recognizing Herbicide Residue Drift
Page 3 and 4: Foliar Herbicide Injury Introductio
Page 5 and 6: Recropping Restrictions for Residua
Page 7 and 8: Herbicide Clearfield Canola Non-Cle
Page 9 and 10: Table 1: Soil factors that effect t
Page 11 and 12: Carryover can have considerable fie
Page 13 and 14: In this case, cupping was caused by
Page 15 and 16: These plants also exhibit symptoms
Page 17 and 18: An unaffected (left) and severely a
Page 19 and 20: An unaffected plant (left) and one
Page 21 and 22: Severe Symptoms At the 3-leaf stage
Page 23 and 24: Severe Symptoms Leaf purpling and c
Page 25 and 26: Severe Symptoms The combination of
Page 27 and 28: Recognizing Herbicide Residue and D
Page 29 and 30: Symptoms observed at this stage are
Page 31 and 32: Chemical Family Active Ingredient F
Page 33 and 34: Conclusion Herbicide carryover can
Page 35: Recognizing Herbicide Residue and D
Page 41 and 42: Sulfosulfuron symptoms: 2% of an 11
Page 49 and 50: Imazethapyr and Imazamox symptoms:
Page 51 and 52: Imazethapyr and Imazamox symptoms:
Page 55 and 56: 2,4-D Ester 600 symptoms: 5% of a 2
Page 57 and 58: 2,4-D Ester 600 symptoms: 10% of a
Page 59 and 60: Effects of Foliar-Applied Group 6 H
Page 61 and 62: Effects of Foliar-Applied Group 9 G
Page 63 and 64: Effects of Foliar-Applied Group 14
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Herbicide Residue Drift Injury - Canola Council of Canada

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