INNOVATION POLICY INSTRUMENTS
INNOVATION POLICY INSTRUMENTS
INNOVATION POLICY INSTRUMENTS
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The following figure gives an overview over the instruments divided into general, specific and at<br />
which level they can be used at union level or sub-union level. It is however hard to make this<br />
kind of classification. There are large differences between the member countries in the EU and in<br />
particular the regional differences. There are both member states that are run as central states and<br />
federal states. Thus, the regions in these two classifications have different sovereignty and<br />
therefore different powers.<br />
General<br />
Specific<br />
Sub-union level<br />
Institutions<br />
Companies<br />
The Financial market<br />
The Labour market<br />
Systems of innovation<br />
R&D<br />
Commercialisation<br />
Union Level<br />
Institutions<br />
Infrastructure<br />
Inventives<br />
International Trade<br />
The Labour Market<br />
Systems of innovation<br />
R&D<br />
General Procurement<br />
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