PVC - Solvay Plastics
PVC - Solvay Plastics
PVC - Solvay Plastics
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The<br />
Partner<br />
in<br />
Vinyls<br />
Why <strong>PVC</strong> pipes ?<br />
J. Fumire
Pipe materials<br />
2<br />
• Over 7 million tons of <strong>PVC</strong> pipes<br />
were installed in the world in 2010<br />
• <strong>PVC</strong> pipes are used in practically<br />
all pipe applications.<br />
Solvin estimation<br />
› Non pressure applications : sewage,drainage, soil & waste.<br />
› Pressure applications : drinking water, irrigation, gas,<br />
industrial applications.<br />
• <strong>PVC</strong> is the most experienced plastic pipe (> 70 years using <strong>PVC</strong> pipes).<br />
SolVin Overview<br />
2012
Pipe materials<br />
Why is <strong>PVC</strong> a prefered material for pipes ?<br />
3<br />
Main materials for pipes :<br />
• Pressure :<br />
DN : 200<br />
– Ductile Iron<br />
– <strong>PVC</strong><br />
Weight /meter<br />
30.0<br />
10.2<br />
• Non‐pressure :<br />
– Concrete<br />
– Clay<br />
– <strong>PVC</strong><br />
SolVin Overview<br />
DN : 300<br />
Weight /meter<br />
103.0<br />
96.0<br />
11.0<br />
2012
Pipe materials<br />
4<br />
• Pipe 1 : ductile iron<br />
Max pressure : 30 bar (when new !)<br />
• Pipe 2 : <strong>PVC</strong><br />
Max pressure : 16 bar (only !)<br />
With <strong>PVC</strong>‐O :<br />
easy to obtain PN 25 bar of higher<br />
Requested pressure resistance : 12 bar<br />
Pipe 1 lifetime :<br />
depends on corrosion !<br />
Pipe 2 lifetime :<br />
> 100 years<br />
SolVin Overview<br />
2012
Pipe materials<br />
Module E (Mpa)<br />
5<br />
4000<br />
3000<br />
2000<br />
1000<br />
0<br />
PE PP-H PP -<br />
TALC<br />
20%<br />
<strong>PVC</strong> - U<br />
• <strong>PVC</strong> has a very high rigidity E‐modulus<br />
SolVin Overview<br />
2012
<strong>PVC</strong> pipes properties<br />
70 years of proven efficiency<br />
6<br />
• Novak study : Small network of drinking pipes<br />
in Bielefeld (Germany) has <strong>PVC</strong> pipes since<br />
1938 : 70 years of satisfactory use<br />
• TNO‐study (2003‐2005) :<br />
Pipes in service for 5 to 45 years were<br />
excavated and tested.<br />
They all proved to be valid for at least<br />
100 years.<br />
• Many other studies …<br />
SolVin Overview<br />
2012
7<br />
<strong>PVC</strong><br />
<strong>PVC</strong> pipes properties<br />
SolVin Overview<br />
0.30<br />
0.25<br />
0.20<br />
0.15<br />
0.10<br />
0.05<br />
0.00<br />
2012<br />
Failure statistics of pipes (source : DVGW)<br />
Germany year 2003<br />
Cast Iron<br />
Fibre cement<br />
Compr. concrete<br />
PE<br />
Ductile Iron<br />
Steel<br />
Number of failures / km . year<br />
Europe<br />
USA
<strong>PVC</strong> pipes properties<br />
• Quality of drinking water is often protected by<br />
the presence of a disinfecting agent<br />
(Cl 2 , hypochlorite, ClO 2 , ...)<br />
8<br />
• Some plastics suffer from early oxidation<br />
related to these disinfectants<br />
• <strong>PVC</strong>4Pipes wished to prove that <strong>PVC</strong> pipes<br />
could effectively resist strong oxidising conditions<br />
SolVin Overview<br />
2012
<strong>PVC</strong> pipes properties<br />
Exposure to very strong oxidising conditions : 7 ppm ClO 2<br />
9<br />
Residual elongation at break after exposure (ISO 4433) :<br />
100%<br />
ClO2 : 7 ppm, 22°C<br />
Blank<br />
Exposed<br />
Residual elongation<br />
80%<br />
60%<br />
40%<br />
20%<br />
0%<br />
PE100 <strong>PVC</strong>-Sn <strong>PVC</strong>-OBS <strong>PVC</strong>-Bior <strong>PVC</strong> Ca-<br />
Zn<br />
<strong>PVC</strong> is not sensitive to strong oxidising conditions<br />
SolVin Overview<br />
2012
<strong>PVC</strong> pipes properties<br />
• Environment footprint of plastic pipes<br />
was evaluated for total life cycle<br />
10<br />
• The EPD shows the excellent<br />
behaviour of <strong>PVC</strong> compared<br />
to concrete<br />
<strong>PVC</strong> <strong>PVC</strong> ML ML<br />
foam foam + +<br />
recyclates<br />
core core<br />
Concrete<br />
• see: http://www.teppfa.com/EPD‐<strong>PVC</strong>.asp<br />
0 10 20 30 40<br />
Global warming<br />
(kg CO2 equiv.)<br />
SolVin Overview<br />
2012
Recycling <strong>PVC</strong><br />
Why is <strong>PVC</strong> an excellent material for recycling ?<br />
11<br />
• No degradation during service life :<br />
› not sensitive to oxidation at<br />
room temperature<br />
› no depolymerisation<br />
<strong>PVC</strong><br />
• It can be extruded several times into <strong>PVC</strong> pipes<br />
› even with 100% recycled material<br />
› without additional additives<br />
• but how many times can it be recycled?<br />
SolVin Overview 2012<br />
11
Recycling <strong>PVC</strong><br />
Laboratory study<br />
• Using Ca‐Zn compact pipe formulation<br />
• Processing with the following protocol :<br />
Multiple extrusions : (extrusion – milling – extrusion – etc...)<br />
12<br />
Initial<br />
Dry-blend<br />
Samples<br />
EXTRUSION<br />
Grinding<br />
SolVin Overview 2012<br />
12
Recycling <strong>PVC</strong><br />
Results after 6 successive extrusions :<br />
13<br />
Extrusion n° <br />
Dryblend<br />
n° 2 n° 4 n° 6<br />
Head pressure bar 175 154 149 141<br />
Yield Stress MPa 48,1 47,5 47,8<br />
E‐Modulus MPa 2920 2730 2870<br />
Vicat 50N °C 82,4 82,3 81,7<br />
• Torque and Head pressure were lower with milled material<br />
• No significant changes occurred in other extrusion data<br />
SolVin Overview 2012<br />
13
Recycling <strong>PVC</strong><br />
Results after 6 successive extrusions<br />
30<br />
Charpy Rupture energy @ 0°c<br />
14<br />
25<br />
kJ/m²<br />
20<br />
15<br />
10<br />
N° 2 N° 4 N° 6<br />
Yield stress<br />
52<br />
50<br />
We stopped after 9 extrusions<br />
for lab‐cost reasons<br />
(MPa)<br />
48<br />
46<br />
44<br />
N° 2 N° 4 N° 6 N° 8 N° 9<br />
SolVin Overview 2012<br />
14<br />
42
Recycling <strong>PVC</strong><br />
• Recovinyl data for <strong>PVC</strong> :<br />
15<br />
300 000<br />
Recycled <strong>PVC</strong> - VINYLPLUS<br />
Cables<br />
250 000<br />
Tonnes<br />
200 000<br />
150 000<br />
100 000<br />
Rigid <strong>PVC</strong> films<br />
Pipes & fittings<br />
Flexible <strong>PVC</strong><br />
applic.<br />
50 000<br />
Window profiles<br />
0<br />
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011<br />
Rigid <strong>PVC</strong> recycled in Europe in 2011 was > 130 000 t/y<br />
Source: Vinyl2010 Progress reports 2009, 2010 & VinylPlus Progress report 2011.<br />
SolVin Overview 2012<br />
15
<strong>PVC</strong> Market<br />
Considering these properties,<br />
<strong>PVC</strong> is used for numerous applications :<br />
16<br />
• Rigid <strong>PVC</strong><br />
› Pipes<br />
› Window profiles<br />
› Films<br />
› Etc...<br />
• Plasticised <strong>PVC</strong><br />
› Cables<br />
› Films<br />
› Etc...<br />
SolVin Overview<br />
2012
<strong>PVC</strong> Market<br />
17<br />
<strong>PVC</strong> World market evolution<br />
SolVin Overview
<strong>PVC</strong> Market<br />
<strong>Solvay</strong> Vinyls : the <strong>Solvay</strong> <strong>PVC</strong> Regional business units<br />
Western<br />
Europe<br />
17 %<br />
SOLVIN :<br />
Europe<br />
Eastern<br />
Europe<br />
8%<br />
China<br />
18<br />
North America 28%<br />
19%<br />
Africa<br />
VINYTHAI :<br />
Middle East<br />
Thailand<br />
SOLVAY<br />
INDUPA :<br />
South America<br />
6 %<br />
South America 18%<br />
5 %<br />
Rest of Asia-Pacific<br />
SolVin Overview<br />
Sources : CMAI & <strong>Solvay</strong>
SolVin<br />
• SolVin is a leading European manufacturer of <strong>PVC</strong> and associated products<br />
Company profile<br />
19<br />
Foundation<br />
Ownership<br />
Territory<br />
Employees<br />
Products<br />
Capacity<br />
Turnover<br />
Ranking<br />
1999 by merging the Vinyls activity of BASF and <strong>Solvay</strong> in Europe<br />
<strong>Solvay</strong> 75% ; BASF 25%<br />
Europe<br />
Production sites: 7 / Sales Offices: 7 / R&D Center: 1<br />
Around 1400<br />
Polyvinyl Chloride (<strong>PVC</strong>), Caustic Soda (NaOH),<br />
Polyvinylidene Chloride (PVDC), Chlorine (Cl 2<br />
), Hydrogen (H 2<br />
)<br />
1.3 Million tons/y of Vinyl products<br />
above 1,2 Billion €/y<br />
#2 <strong>PVC</strong> player in Europe (<strong>Solvay</strong> #3 <strong>PVC</strong> player worldwide)<br />
SolVin Overview<br />
2012
SolVin<br />
• Excellent geographical distribution of its industrial assets<br />
Company profile<br />
20<br />
Kstovo<br />
SolVin Overview<br />
2012
Solvin<br />
<strong>PVC</strong> products<br />
21<br />
• SolVin®Suspension <strong>PVC</strong> (Profile & Pipe)<br />
The SolVin® Suspension catalogue covers the full range<br />
from K = 50 to K=75 with resins dedicated as well to rigid<br />
as to plasticised applications.<br />
• SolVin® Emulsion <strong>PVC</strong> (Flooring)<br />
The wide portfolio of <strong>PVC</strong> specialties proposes paste grades<br />
with different viscosity levels and Fillers used as additives.<br />
The Latex is mainly used for inks and varnishes.<br />
SolVin Overview<br />
2012
SolVin<br />
• VinylPlus is the European <strong>PVC</strong> Industry’s new ten‐year<br />
Voluntary Commitment,<br />
› building on Vinyl 2010,<br />
the 1 st Voluntary Commitment of the European <strong>PVC</strong> industry,<br />
› and on the principles of Responsible Care®.<br />
Sustainable<br />
Development<br />
22<br />
• Creation of the SolVin’s VinylPlus Programme<br />
› Solvin his supporting the VINYLPLUS programme in all areas :<br />
› Employees, production, communication, in the market, etc...<br />
SolVin Overview<br />
2012
SolVin<br />
• To promote the image of <strong>PVC</strong>:<br />
• innovative, versatile<br />
• positively contributing to wellbeing<br />
and consumer health.<br />
• Nominees disclosed at each K' fair<br />
Innovation<br />
23<br />
• Next one in 2013<br />
http://www.solvinaward.com/<br />
• We believe in <strong>PVC</strong> 's innovation power !<br />
SolVin Overview<br />
2012
Your questions are<br />
welcome!<br />
The information and data herin are believed to<br />
be correct at the time of printing and are given<br />
in good faith. National and local regulations<br />
covering work safety, hygiene and environment<br />
protection are applicable in all cases and no<br />
liability can be accepted where such regulations<br />
are not observed. Freedom from patents rights<br />
should be assessed before use.<br />
© 2011, SOLVIN S.A. “All rights of reproduction,<br />
translation or adaptation of any or all parts of<br />
this document are strictly prohibited and<br />
reserved.”<br />
For further information about SolVin, visit<br />
www.solvinpvc.com
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