Nutrition, Transportation, Respiration and Excretion

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Life Processes-1 Nutrition, Transportation, Respiration and Excretion vii. Lungs have a large number of alveoli for: a) maintaining a spongy texture and proper shape. b) more surface area for diffusion of gases. c) more nerve supply. d) more space to increase volume of inspired air. MODULE - 5 The Living World Notes viii. The main function of lymph is to: a) transport O 2 to the brain. b) transport CO 2 to lungs. c) return interstitial fluid to blood. d) return RBCs and WBCs to lymph vessels. 2. Name the following. i. A fluid that transports fatty acid and glycerol. ii. The valve present in between the chambers on the right side of the human heart. iii. The respiratory pigment present in RBCs. iv. The iron containing pigment in RBCs. v. The phase of cardiac cycle in which the auricles contract. 3. Give on epoint of difference between the following. 1. Autotrophic and heterotrophic nutrition 2. Breathing and respiration 3. Arteries and veins 4. Blood and lymph 5. Auricular systole and ventricular systole 4. Match the columns A and B. COLUMN A COLUMN B 1. Sponge-like organs located in the chest cavity a. trachea 2. Chamber acting as a common passage for food b. bronchioles and air 3. Elastic tissue that forms a flap over the top of c. epiglottis the larynx 4. Main passageway to the lungs d. pharynx 5. Small tubes that branch from the bronchi e. bronchi 6. Small air sacs in the lungs f. lungs g. alveoli h. larynx SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 89
MODULE - 5 The Living World Notes Life Processes-1 Nutrition, Transportation, Respiration and Excretion 5. Given below is an example of a certain structure and its function. ‘Kidney and excretion’ Fill in the blanks on a similar pattern. 1. Alveoli and ____________ 2. Diaphragm and ____________ 3. ‘C’-shaped cartilage rings and ____________ 4. Erythrocyte and ____________ 5. Left ventricle and ____________ 6. Pacemaker and ____________ 6. What is a balanced diet? Name three items of a diet that provide three different nutrients? 7. What are the main steps of photosynthesis? Is sunlight essential for photosynthesis and why? 8. A patient complains of lack of appetite, exhaustion and is losing weight. Diagnose the deficiency. What kind of diet would you suggest for the patient? 9. Deficiency of which vitamin causes night blindness. What would you suggest to prevent this deficiency? 10. Where does the digestion of starch, proteins and fats take place and what is the role played in digestion by liver and pancreas? 11. Which component in your diet will not be digested if the enzyme lipase is not secreted? 12. Explain how oxygen leaves the blood from the tissue capillaries and carbon dioxide enters the blood in the tissue capillaries. 13. Explain the usefulness of large surface area provided by alveoli for respiration in human beings. 14. Why do arteries have a thick or elastic wall? 15. What are the four types of blood groups present in humans? Prepare a table with two columns to show the different human blood groups and names of compatible blood groups in the other column. ANSWER TO INTEXT QUESTIONS 22.1 1. Green plants, algae and bacteria (any two); they undertake photosynthesis to manufacture their own food. 90 SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
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Nutrition, Transportation, Respiration and Excretion

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