EN-SBS-EON-AG-004 - Enersys - EMEA

RESERVE
POWER
APPLICATION GUIDE

2
EnerSys ® has optimised the very successful Thin Plate Pure Lead
(TPPL) PowerSafe ® SBS battery range to create the revolutionary EON
Technology ® , a new concept that utilises highest purity materials and
state of the art manufacturing processes to deliver energy storage
solutions that can meet the requirements of emerging applications
whilst offering the end user enhanced performance in existing
applications. Historically, the useful service life of reserve power
Valve Regulated Lead Acid (VRLA) battery systems was measured by
their float life but as applications evolve from pure standby to cyclic
applications, some traditional VRLA technologies find that these new
requirements push them beyond their scope of operation.
PowerSafe SBS Eon Technology batteries retain the long float
characteristics of standard PowerSafe SBS cells and monoblocs, with
the added benefit of improved cyclic ability in both float voltage and
fast charge applications.
Interchangeability
PowerSafe SBS EON Technology monoblocs are fully interchangeable
with standard PowerSafe SBS battery equivalents (where applicable).
When used in conventional float applications the fit, form and
function remain unchanged and their mixing will have no detrimental
effect to either the performance or expected service life. However,
where a PowerSafe SBS EON Technology monobloc is introduced as
a replacement into an equivalent standard PowerSafe SBS battery it
must be understood that the improved cyclic capability afforded by
EON Technology will not be achieved.
Operating Temperature Range
The recommended operating temperature range for optimum life and
performance is 20°C. However, PowerSafe SBS EON Technology
batteries can be operated in the temperature range -40°C to +50°C.
In order to maintain mechanical integrity of the plastic components,
the battery temperature in operation should not exceed +50°C.
Storage
Batteries lose capacity when standing on open-circuit because of
parasitic chemical reactions. The self-discharge rate of PowerSafe
SBS EON Technology monoblocs is very low because of the high
purity of the grid lead and electrolyte. Batteries should be stored in a
cool, dry area. High temperature increases the rate of self-discharge
and reduces storage life.
Figure 1 shows the relationship between open-circuit voltage (OCV)
and storage time at various temperatures.
2.17
100
2.16
96
2.15
91
2.14
87
2.13
83
2.12
79
2.11
2.10
+40°C +30°C +25°C +20°C +10°C
74
70
0 6 12 18 24 30 36 42 48
Figure 1
Months
Open Circuit Voltage per Cell
The maximum storage times before a freshening charge is required
and recommended open circuit voltage audit intervals are:
Temperature Storage Time OCV Audit Interval
(°C / °F) (Months) (Months)
+10 / +50 48 6
+15 / +59 34 6
+20 / +68 24 4
+25 / +77 17 4
+30 / +86 12 3
+35 / +95 8.5 2
+40 / +104 6 2
Monoblocs must be given a freshening charge when bloc voltages
approach the equivalent of 2.10 Volts per cell or when the maximum
storage time is reached, whichever occurs first.
Approx. State of Charge (%)
Commissioning Charge
Before conducting a capacity discharge or fully loaded duty cycle test,
the battery must be given a commissioning charge. In float
applications the commissioning charge shall consist of 7 continuous
days of float charge at the recommended float voltage (2.29Vpc at
20°C) with no load connected to the battery. In hybrid applications the
commissioning charge shall consist of 24 hours charge at a voltage
equivalent to 2.40 Volts/cell with no load connected.
Freshening Charge
Charge the monoblocs or strings at a constant voltage equivalent
to 2.29 to 2.4Vpc with 0.1C10 Amps current for a period of 24 hours.
Float Operation
EON Technology is designed for continuous float operation on
constant voltage chargers. Constant voltage charging is the safest,
most efficient and recommended method of charging VRLA batteries.
The recommended float voltage setting is 2.29Vpc at +20°C/+77°F.
Therefore the system voltage setting equals the number of cells in
series x 2.29Vpc.
Battery life and charging characteristics are affected by temperature.
Optimum battery life will be achieved when the battery is operating
between +20°C/+68°F and +25°C/+77°F (see figure 2).
Float Life
(Float @ 55°C using recommended FV for 20°C)
120
110
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
Figure 2
Calculated Life (years @ 20°C)
Nominal Capacity (%)
Battery life is reduced by 50% for every 10°C/18°F increase in
temperature. Float voltage compensation reduces the charging
current as battery temperature increases and partially negates the
adverse effect of high temperature.
The recommended float voltage temperature compensation is:
• 2.29Vpc +4mV per cell per °C below 20°C
• 2.29Vpc -4mV per cell per °C above 20°C (refer to figure 3 for further
details)
Temperature compensation is capped at +40°C/+104°F as at this
temperature the compensated charge voltage approaches the natural
open circuit voltage of the battery and there is insufficient
overvoltage to keep the battery in a fully charged condition.
Float Volts Per Cell
2.35
2.34
Recommended Float Voltage
2.33
2.32
Minimum Float Voltage
2.31
2.30
Voltages > Recommended promote
2.29
overcharge & high float currents resulting
2.28
in accelerated end of service life
2.27
2.26
2.25
2.24 Voltages < Minimum recommended
2.23 result in undercharge, reduction in
2.22 capacity and irrecoverable capacity
2.21 loss leading to premature end of life
2.20
2.19
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42
Figure 3
Float Voltage Temperature Correction
Temperature (°C)
Charging Current
Recharge time is a function of the charging voltage and current.
In float applications where time to repeat duty is not so critical to
recharge in an acceptable time it is recommended that the current
limit should be a minimum level equalling the standing load plus
0.1C10 Amps.

Fast Charging
In addition to the long life characteristics inherent in traditional
PowerSafe ® SBS TPPL battery designs, EON Technology ® has been
developed to provide high performance in applications where the
battery is subjected to repeated cyclic duty, where power reliability
is tested by high temperatures and harsh conditions, combined with
remote locations.
Fast charge techniques are best utilised for frequent discharge cyclic
applications. The high charge acceptance of EON Technology is
suited for applications which require a faster recharge with reduced
time to repeat duty. In such applications the rectifier voltage should
be set at 2.40Vpc at 20°C. Figure 4 illustrates the time to full state of
charge from varying depths of discharge (C10) as a function of charge
voltage.
Recharge Time to 100% State of Charge following C10 Discharge
to Varying Depth of Discharge.
Compare Float Charge with EON Technology
110
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
EON Technology Fast Charge FV Recharge
20
10
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
Time to 100% State of Charge (hrs)
® Recharge Regime
(current limit 25% C10)
Figure 4
% Depth of Discharge (C10)
As with float charge, temperature compensation for voltage is
applicable to fast charge techniques. The profile below (figure 5)
gives the recommended compensation to charge voltage for
temperature.
Volts Per Cell
Fast Charge Temperature Correction
2.53
2.51
2.49
2.47
2.45
2.43
2.41
2.39
2.37
2.35
2.33
2.31
2.29
2.27
2.25
10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
Temperature (°C)
Figure 5
In cyclic applications, optimal life and performance are obtained by
limiting recharge at 2.40Vpc to the time taken to return 103% of
discharged Ah before disconnecting the battery from the rectifier or
switching to float voltage. In systems where control of charge factor
is not possible, the battery will be returned to full state of charge
(from 100% depth of discharge C10) in 6.5 hours at 2.40Vpc with
0.25C10 Amps available. Higher charge currents will reduce charge
time, lower currents will increase charge time.
Where rectifier voltage cannot be adjusted to values >2.40Vpc to
compensate for lower temperatures, the time to reach full state of
charge will be increased. For additional information and guidance on
this, please contact your EnerSys ® representative.
Warning! Continuous charge at 2.40Vpc will significantly reduce battery
life.
Current Limit
In addition to the influence of charge voltage, the available charge
current will impact on time to repeat duty. The low internal resistance
of PowerSafe SBS EON Technology batteries lends itself to
absorption of in rush currents as high as 6C10 Amps but is equally
capable of operating with current limits as low as 0.1C10 Amps.
Figure 6 below illustrates the typical time to full state of charge
(2.40Vpc) as a function of available charge current from varying
depths of discharge.
Time (hrs)
0
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 110%
Figure 6
Depth of Discharge
Cycling
EON Technology has been developed to retain the long float life
characteristics associated with standard PowerSafe SBS technology
and has the added capability to deliver high performance in harsh
applications where cyclic duty predominates.
Extensive testing has shown that in traditional float cyclic
applications PowerSafe SBS EON Technology surpasses the excellent
performance of standard PowerSafe SBS battery designs, typically
delivering a 33% increase in the number of cycles during evaluation
to international benchmark standards (figure 7).
Cycle Life vs Depth of Discharge,
Compare Float Charge (PowerSafe ® SBS & SBS EON Technology ® )
Number of Cycles
10000
1000
SBS EON Float Charge
SBS Float Charge
100
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120
Figure 7
Depth of Discharge
Where it is not always economically viable to use higher charge
currents it has been demonstrated that increasing the charge voltage
at a given current limit, the time to full state of charge can be
radically reduced.
The electrochemical designs of PowerSafe SBS EON Technology
batteries have been developed to take advantage of this
characteristic. The low internal resistance ensures that PowerSafe
SBS EON Technology batteries can operate with charge current limits
ranging from 0.1C10 Amps to 6C10 Amps affording a high degree of
operating flexibility encompassing a wide range of operating
scenarios. It should be remembered that lower current limits increase
time to full state of charge, regardless of charge voltage (shown in
figure 8 below).
Effect of Charge Voltage on Recharge Time to 100% of Discharge Ah.
2.29Vpc vs 2.4Vpc following 100% DOD at various rates.
Current limit 0.4C10 Amps
Time to 100% of DCH Ah Returned
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Figure 8
Time to Full State of Charge
As a Function of Current Limit and Depth of Discharge
(Recharge 2.40Vpc)
0.1C10 Amps
0.2C10 Amps
0.3C10 Amps
0.5C10 Amps
1C10 Amps
2.27Vpc 2.4Vpc
C1 C3
Discharge Rate
C10
0.1C10A
0.2C10A
0.3C10A
0.5C10A
1.0C10A
The high charge acceptance of PowerSafe SBS EON Technology
batteries that enables the use of fast charge techniques provides the
user with the advantage of reduced time to repeat duty and further
extends the number of cycles available during service life to
unparalleled levels (figure 9).
3

Figure 9
PowerSafe ® SBS EON Technology ®
Cycle Life as a Function of Depth of Discharge (C10 Rate)
(Charge Using Optimum EON Technology Recommendations)
Maintenance
In practice the user usually specifies the maintenance schedule based
on site criticality, location and manpower.
The following is a suggested maintenance schedule.
• Monthly (record all readings)
Measure the battery string voltage. If necessary, adjust the float
voltage to the correct value.
• Every six months (record all readings)
Measure the battery string voltage. If necessary, adjust the float
voltage to the correct value.
Measure individual bloc voltages. The blocs should be within 5% of
the average.
Inspect for contamination by dust, loose or corroded connections.
If necessary isolate the string/bloc and clean with a damp soft cloth.
Do not use solvents or scouring powders to clean the blocs.
Contact EnerSys ® if you have any questions regarding maintenance.
Disposal
PowerSafe ® SBS EON Technology ® batteries are recyclable. Scrap
batteries must be packaged and transported in accordance with
prevailing transportation rules and regulations. Scrap batteries must
be disposed of in compliance with local and national laws by a
licensed or certified lead acid battery recycler.
General Specifications
www.enersys-emea.com
Nominal Capacity (Ah) Nominal Dimensions
Connectors
PowerSafe ® SBS
Battery Type
Contact:
Connector Part No.
SBS B14, C11 2205-8919
SBS B14F, C11F 2205-8891
SBS 100 2205-8750
SBS 100F 2205-8749
SBS 170F & 190F 2205-8769
SBS 410 2205-9887 (A)
SBS 410 2205-8865 (B)
SBS B14, C11, 100
A
SBS 410
B
SBS B14F, C11F, 100F,
170F, 190F
PowerSafe ® SBS 10 hr rate 8 hr rate Typical Internal
Battery Nominal to 1.80Vpc to 1.75Vpc Length Width Height Weight Short Circuit Resistance Terminals
Type Voltage (V) @ 20°C @ 77°F mm in mm in mm in kg lbs Current (A) (mΩ)
SBS B14 12 62 62 280 11.0 97 3.8 264 10.4 19.1 42.0 1800 7.0 M8 F
SBS B14F 12 62 62 303 11.9 97 3.8 264 10.4 19.1 42.0 1800 7.0 M6 M
SBS C11 12 92 91 395 15.6 105 4.1 264 10.4 28.0 61.6 2300 5.5 M8 F
SBS C11F 12 92 91 417 16.4 105 4.1 256 10.1 28.0 61.6 2300 5.5 M6 M
SBS 100 12 100 100 395 15.6 108 4.3 287 11.3 32.6 71.9 2210 5.6 M8 F
SBS 100F 12 100 100 395 15.6 108 4.3 287 11.3 32.6 71.9 2210 5.6 M6 M
SBS 170F 12 170 170 561 22.1 125 4.9 283 11.1 52.5 115.7 3400 4.0 M6 M
SBS 190F 12 190 190 561 22.1 125 4.9 316 12.4 60.0 132.3 3800 3.3 M6 M
SBS 410 2 410 410 200 7.9 208 8.2 239 9.4 23.2 51.1 4725 1.3 M8 M
EnerSys
P.O. Box 14145
Reading, PA 19612-4145
USA
Tel: +1-610-208-1991
+1-800-538-3627
Fax: +1-610-372-8613
EnerSys Europe
Löwenstrasse 32
8001 Zurich, Switzerland
EnerSys Asia
152 Beach Road
Gateway East Building, Level 11
189721 Singapore
Tel. +65 6508 1780
EnerSys Ltd.
Oak Court
Clifton Business Park
Wynne Avenue, Swinton
Manchester M27 8FF
UK
Tel: +44 (0)161 794 4611
Fax: +44 (0)161 727 3809
© 2011 EnerSys. All rights reserved.
Trademarks and logos are the property of
EnerSys and its affiliates unless otherwise noted.
Publication No: EN-SBS-EON-AG-004 - April 2011 - Subject to revisions without prior notice. E.&O.E.