1999 - Volume 2 - Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics

Worldwide Abstracts and Reviews
Low foaming is a new requirement for spin finishes, to aid processes such as hydroentanglement. The
antistat component of the finish contributes highly to foaming but is a necessary ingredient, especially in
high speed carding. Work has been directed at a target of no foam measurable after one minute, which is
tested by means such as the perforated disc method. Hansa Textilchemie GmbH of Oyten, Germany uses
a method where fibres are placed in a beaker and covered with distilled water, to determine the foaming
qualities of the resulting liquor. Standardized tests are of further importance for products intended for
hygiene and medical uses, to avoid skin irritation.
Author: Niestegge R
Source: Tech. Text.
Issue: vol. 42, no. 2, Apr. 1999, pp E22-E23
Outer textile linings for cars: an innovation
The need to improve function, reduce costs and consider environmental implications is causing car
manufacturers to change to new materials. Needle and pile floor carpets (NFC-PFC) fitted in the outer
linings offer improvements in acoustic effect and lower weight, leading to reduced fuel consumption.
Their porous structure minimizes noise from water on the road and reduces spray, while giving elastic
protection against stone impact. They display positive characteristics in water absorption, drying
behaviour, mechanical stability and strength, resistance to abrasion, tearing and weather, cleaning ability,
assembly, endurance and recycling. The characteristics of a wheel-case lining, which may be adapted for
different car types, are analyzed according to DIN 61210. (2 tab)
Author: Elsele D
Source: Tech. Text.
Issue: vol. 42, no. 2, Apr. 1999, pp E28-E29
1,000 frames per second: revealing the secrets of meltblown nonwovens
Meltblowing is a sophisticated process that produces microfibres of under 10 microns in diameter which
are condensed into a nonwoven web. Research into establishing the process factors affecting quality and
into controlling the process itself has resulted in the formation of blur-free, freeze-frame and slow motion
film images during production. Acceleration, velocity, diameter, orientation and entanglement of fibres
as a function of distance from the die orifice can now be measured by newly developed equipment.
High-speed single exposures and multiple exposures are achievable with a high-speed LSI 1000 pulsed
laser from Oxford Lasers. The processing variables identified so far are air pressure, die-to-collector
distance between which significant acceleration and velocity changes take place, and collector surface
speed.
Author: Lennox-Kerr P
Source: Tech. Text.
Issue: vol. 42, no. 2, Apr. 1999, pp E30-E31
Development of nonwovens
Within the nonwoven industry in India great potential exists for Indian companies to expand their
activities into new applications through more research and development, greater customer awareness and
faster production. The nonwoven process and web formation are explained and properties listed which
can be obtained with the use of binders. The thermal, spun and self-bonded processes are described and a
comprehensive list of nonwoven end products supplied. Principal fibres are covered, and statistical
background on market growth (1994-2000) globally and process technologies used (1993 estimate) is
given. Nonwoven consumption is low in India through lack of good quality raw materials and a heavy
import duty structure for binders, but there is considerable potential for further development of the
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