D2.1 - EU Project Neptune

NEPTUNE · Contract-No. 036845 Deliverable 2.1
CONTENTS
1
 Introduction........................................................................................3
2
 COD removal and energy production: Microbial Fuel Cell ............4
2.1
 MFC technology............................................................................................. 4
2.2
 Sludge ‘revalorisation’ for current production in MFC .............................. 5
2.2.1
 Potential for MFC technology on the sludge line ...............................................................5
2.2.2
 Description of work undertaken .........................................................................................6
2.2.3
 Results ...............................................................................................................................6
2.3
 Pilot-plant operation on brewery wastewater ............................................. 7
2.3.1
 Background........................................................................................................................7
2.3.2
 Summary of results ............................................................................................................8
2.3.3
 Outlook for MFC technology ..............................................................................................9
2.4
 Added value products................................................................................... 9
2.5
 Cathode sustainablility ............................................................................... 10
2.5.1
 Biocatalyzed cathode systems.........................................................................................10
2.5.2
 Iron chelated cathode systems ........................................................................................11
3
 Micropollutant removal ...................................................................13
3.1
 Ferrate........................................................................................................... 13
3.2
 Manganese Oxidation.................................................................................. 15
3.2.1
 Production of Biogenic Manganese Oxides (BioMnOx)...................................................15
3.2.2
 Chemical versus biogenic manganese oxides.................................................................16
3.2.3
 Application in a membrane reactor ..................................................................................17
3.2.4
 Perspectives ....................................................................................................................19
4
 Sludge treatment and reuse ...........................................................21
4.1
 Recovery of P and heavy metals: Sludge pyrolysis................................. 24
4.1.1
 Process description..........................................................................................................24
4.1.2
 Pilot plant trials and results ..............................................................................................26
4.1.3
 Potential for phosphorus and heavy metals recovery ......................................................30
4.2
 Recovery of organics: Production of biopolymers from biosolids ........ 32
4.2.1
 Background......................................................................................................................32
4.2.2
 Potential areas of application...........................................................................................32
4.2.3
 Stage of development ......................................................................................................33
4.2.4
 Technology description ....................................................................................................33
4.2.5
 Process description..........................................................................................................35
2