Studiu comparativ şi de colecţie cu soiuri şi hibrizi de tomate ...

The study of tomatoes hybrids ability for cultivations in
tunnels in ecological agriculture conditions
Maria Călin 1 *, Stoian L. 1 , Cristea Tina Oana 1 , Ambăruş Silvica 1 , Avasiloie D. I. 1 , Creola
Brezeanu 1 , Brezeanu P.M. 1
1 Vegetable Research and Development Station Bacau Romania
*Corresponding author. Email: sclbac@legumebac.ro
Abstract The experimentations were accomplished at S.C.D.L. Bacau
during 2007 – 2009.
The hybrids: Bersola F1, Winona F1 and Venezia F1 yielded more
than 100 t/ha, the hybrids: Aegen F1, Arbason F1 and Buran F1 between 90-
100 t/ha and the hybrids: Elpida F1, Mokito F1 and Sampei F1 between 80-90
t/ha.
Between the experimented hybrids, the biggest fruits were obtained
as it follows: more than 100 g/fruit – hybrids Aegen F1, Arbason F1 Charlotte
F1 and Francisca F1; between 90 – 100 g/fruit – the hybrids Bersola F1,
Baldwin F1, Gironda F1 and Venezia F1.
In the experimental comparative culture from 2008, we remarked the hybrid
Bersola F1 through the quality of fruits, an improved ability for cultivation in
biologic agriculture as well as through the obtained production – 100 t/ha –
121.3 t/ha (the highest production realised in the present experimentation). All
the experimented hybrids were „long shelf life” type.
Key words
hybrids, tomatoes, tunnel,
ecologic agriculture
The cultivation of tomatoes in
ecologic/organic/biologic agriculture has a large
perspective (2).
In this field of activity, the study of variety
and hybrids ability to be cultivated in ecologic
agriculture conditions has a tremendous importance,
the factor variety or hybrid influencing significant the
quality and quantity of yields obtained (1).
In Romania, the assortment of cultivated
tomatoes expanded during the last years, through the
introduction of new hybrids and varieties created in our
country or abroad. As a result, at V.R.D.S. Bacau
during 2007-2009 a study of tomatoes assortment
cultivated in biologic agriculture was accomplished.
This study was realized according with the legal
communitary frame from the European Community
Regulation no. 834/2007 (3). The purpose of
researches is the establishment of an assortment of
tomatoes varieties and hybrids that are able to
accomplish superior productions from quality and
quantity point of view, in plastic houses, in ecologic
agriculture system.
Materials and Methods
The experimentations were accomplished in
the polygon of biologic agriculture from V.R.D.S.
Bacau, certified for the ecologic quality of production.
The assortment studies were realised in 3
plastic houses mono arc with a surface of 900 m 2 ,
utilizing the methods and practices specific to ecologic
agriculture.
In the present study we tested hybrids with
different origin and different consumption destinations,
the experimental results being compared with a tested
hybrid that gave good results for the ongoing year.
The following hybrids were tested:
2007: Vedetta F1, Velocity F1, Lido F1, Pitenza F1,
Salomeé F1, Annelise F1, Baldwin F1.
2008: Bersola F1, Aegen F1, Arbason F1, Buran F1,
Elpida F1, Francisca F1, Gironda F1, Mokito F1,
Rahmat F1, Baldwin F1 Charlotte F1, Winona F1,
Francisca F1. Sampei F1; Venezia F1.
2009: Bersola F1, Prekos F1, Rouen F1, Gorka F1,
Cristal F1.
Data of planting: 11.04.2007, 22.04.2008.
27.04.2009.
The observations were oriented for the
following features: dynamic of blossom; dynamic of
fruits settlements; quantity, quality and dynamics of
yielded production; sensibility to pests and diseases
attack.
Excepting the hybrids with semi-determined
growth, the plants were pinched at 6-7 inflorescences.
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Results and Discussions
The experimental results, regarding the
average production obtained and its significance
comparing with the control, at tomatoes cultivated
biologically in plastic houses are presented in table1.
The date of first harvest: 15.06.2007,
24.06.2008, 22.06.2009.
The date of last harvest: 31.08.2007,
14.08.2008, 27.08.2009.
In 2007, the hybrids Vedetta F1 (56,0 t/ha),
Velocity F1 (72,1 t/ha), Pitenza F1 (53,6 t/ha), Salomeé
F1 (54,6 t/ha) obtained higher production comparing
with the control Baldwin F1 (50,6 t/ha).
Nr.
crt
The synthesis of production results
Variant Production Relative
t/ha Difference production
t/ha %
Significance of
differences
2007
1 Vedetta F1 56,0 +5,4 110,7
2 Velocity F1 72,1 +21,5 142,5 xxx
3 Lido F1 36,0 -14,6 71,1 ooo
4 Pitenza F1 53,6 +3 105,9
5 Salomeé F1 54,6 +4,0 107,9
6 Annelise F1 41,2 -9,4 81,4 ooo
7 Baldwin F1 control (C) 50,6 0 100
2008
1 Bersola F1 121,3 +42,6 154 Xxx
2 Aegen F1 90,0 +11,03 114 xxx
3 Arbason F1 93,0 +14,3 118 xxx
4 Baldwin F1 (C) 78,7 - 100
5 Buran F1 95,3 +16,6 121 xxx
6 Charlotte F1 83,7 +5,0 106 x
7 Winona F1 106,0 +27,3 134 xxx
8 Elpida F1 87,0 +8,3 110 xxx
9 Francisca F1 64,3 -14,4 82 ooo
10 Gironda F1 73,7 -5,0 94 o
11 Mokito F1 81,3 +2,6 103
12 Rahmat F1 63,3 -15,4 80 ooo
13 Sampei F1 80,0 +1,3 101
14 Venezia F1 111,0 +32,3 141 xxx
2009
1 Bersola F1 90,34 +8,86 110,87 xx
2 Prekos F1 40,30 -41,18 49,46 ooo
3 Rouen F1 (C) 81,48 0 100
4 Gorka F1 105,62 +24,14 129,63 xxx
5 Cristal F1 82,26 0,78 100,96
Table 1
2007 2008 2009
DL5% = 5,9 t/ha DL 5% = 4,6 t/ha DL 5% = 2,72 t/ha
DL 1% = 8,0 t/ha DL 1% = 5,9 t/ha DL 1% = 3,64 t/ha
DL 0,1% - 10,7 t/ha DL 0,1% - 7,8 t/ha DL 0,1% - 11,5 t/ha
In 2008, the hybrids: Bersola F1, Winona F1
and Venezia F1 produced more than 100 t/ha; the
hybrids: Aegen F1, Arbason F1 and Buran F1 between
90-100 t/ha; the hybrids: Elpida F1, Mokito F1 and
Sampei F1 between 80-90 t/ha.
In the experimental comparative culture from
2008 the hybrid Bersola F1 was distinguished
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especially through the quality of fruits, ability for
cultivation in biologic agriculture and the yield. The
hybrid has a middle-height port (determined growth),
big, uniform fruits and a production of 121,3 t/ha – the
highest production obtained in 2008 year. All the
hybrids experimented in 2008 were type „long shelf
life” and presented at harvest celluloid infiltrations in
the peduncle, interlobular walls and subcutanated
areas.
Fig. 1 Average of fruit weight (g ) in 2007
Baldw in F1 Control
129,3
Annelise F1
Salomeé F1
Pitenza F1
Lido F1
Velocity F1
Vedetta F1
16
53,3
63,5
87,5
103,8
138
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
g/fruit
The celluloid zone is maintained for 8-14 days after harvest, period in which the fruits remain firm.
VENEZIA F1
SAMPEI F1
RAHMAT F1
MOKITO F1
GIRONDA F1
FRANCISCA F1
ELPIDA F1
WINONA F1
CHARLOTTE F1
BURAN F1
BALDWIN F1
ARBASON F1
AEGEN F1
BERSOLA F1
Fig. 2 Average of fruit weight (g) in 2008
65,2
66
95,5
83,5
83,3
91,9
97 106
113,5
89,5
98,3
103
105
92,8
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
g/fruit
g
Fig 3 Average of fruit w eight (g) in 2009
140
130,47
120
89,8 95,82
100
78,67
80
80,45
60
40
20
0
BERSOLA F1
PREKOS F1
ROUEN F1 (C)
GORKA F1
CRISTAL F1
S1
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In 2009, the hybrids: Bersola F1 (90,34 t/ha);
Gorka F1 (105,62 t/ha); Cristal F1 (82,26 t/ha),
comparatively with the control - Rouen F1, registered
superior productions (Bersola F1 - 110,87%; Gorka
F1 - 129,63%; Cristal F1 - 100,96%).
The average weight of fruits varies in large
limits (fig. 1, 2, 3). Among the experimental variants
Bersola F1; Prekos F1; Gorka and Cristal F1 were
remarked through their good organoleptic qualities and
a percent of merchandisable production.
The hybrid Rouen, due to the presence of a
green-yellowish zone expanded around the peduncle
had a percent fewer than 50% merchandisable
production.
Conclusions
In 2007 the hybrids Vedetta F1 (56,0 t/ha),
Velocity F1 (72,1 t/ha), Pitenza F1 (53,6 t/ha), Salomeé
F1 (54,6 t/ha) accomplished higher production
comparing with the control Baldwin F1 (50,6 t/ha).
In 2008: the hybrids: Bersola F1, Winona F1
and Venezia F1 produced more than 100 /ha; the
hybrids: Aegen F1, Arbason F1 and Buran F1 between
90-100 t/ha; the hybrids: Elpida F1, Mokito F1 and
Sampei F1 between 80-90 t/ha.
In 2009, the hybrids: Bersola F1 (90,34 t/ha);
Gorka F1 (105,62 t/ha); Cristal F1 (82,26 t/ha),
comparatively with the control - Rouen F1, registered
higher productions.
Among the hybrids tested during 2007 – 2009,
Velocity F1, Bersola F1, Prekos F1; Gorka and Cristal
F1 were remarked through the quality of fruits, ability
for cultivation in ecologic agriculture and the yield
potential.
References
1. Glos M, 2004, NOFA-NY Organic Breeding Survey
2004, On-Farm Commercial Variety Trials and Plant
Breeding.
2. Jeanine Davis, Randy G., Laura Duffie, 2008,
Opportunities with Tomatoes and Organics 2007. Field
Tour at Mountain Research Station. Mountain
Horticultural Crops Research and Extension Centre.
3. Regulamentul (CE) NR. 834/2007.
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