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Introduction 45
Sermons from the outset of Advent to the conclusion of
the liturgical year. Certainly the genre of the Sunday Sermons
is not identical with his earlier meditation works;
nevertheless, the pastoral intent is much the same. As the
General Minister of 30,000 brothers in regions stretching
from the Bay of Biscay to the steppes of Asia, he is painfully
aware of the responsibilities that are his, and the
inevitable consequences of pastoral negligence. 117 Upon
his election to the generalate in 1257, he wrote the First
Encyclical Letter in which he identified the deleterious
spiritual condition of erring confreres and urged fellow
Minorite ministers to act immediately and decisively. He
returned to these pastoral concerns with even greater
solicitude in 1266 in the Second Encyclical Letter with
an explicit mention of the passion and the stigmata of
Francis. 118 Bonaventure recognized that to be a shepherd
of souls was to bind one’s own salvation inextricably to
the eternal fate of each individual community member.
If one of the sheep were lost, the shepherd would be liable
before the judgment seat of God. The high stakes
of pastoral care elicited Bonaventure’s attempt to bridge
the undeniable “pastoral gap” resulting from geographical
distance and temporal constraints. Given the medium
of meditation texts, with their emphasis on experience
and affinity to oral discourse, 119 Bonaventure can also
employ the Sunday Sermons to speak in an intimate
manner with the homo interior of each confrere in the
course of the liturgical year, even as he simultaneously
117
Timothy J. Johnson, “‘Ground to Dust for the Purity of the Order’
Pastoral Power, Punishment, and Minorite Identity in the Narbonne
Enclosure,” Franciscan Studies 64 (2006), 293-318.
118
Epistola II, n. 3 (VIII, 470b). For an English translation see
WSB V, 227-28.
119
On orality and medieval reading practices, see Michel de Certeau,
The Practice of Everyday Life (Berkeley: University of California,
1984), 175-76.
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