Chapter 7 Introduction to Crystallography

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7.1 periodicity and lattices of crystal structure 7.1.1 The characteristics of crystal structure 1. A few definitions: • Solids can be divided into to primary categories, crystalline and amorphous. • Crystalline Solids that are built from atoms or molecules arranged in a periodic manner in space. • Amorphous Solids posses short range order only. They are not related through symmetry. • Short Range Order: Fixed bond lengths and angles • Long Range Order: Associated with a lattice point Crystals: Crystals are solids that are built from atoms or molecules arranged in a periodic manner in space.
2. Fundamental characteristics of crystal •Spontaneous formation of polyhedral shapes F+V=E+2 Single crystal gold bead with naturally formed facets
Page 1: Chapter 7 Introduction to Crystallo
Page 5 and 6: •Definite sharp melting points T
Page 7 and 8: . Lattice and its unit in 2D: T = m
Page 9 and 10: Five 2D lattices a=b γ=120° Primi
Page 11 and 12: Crystal structure = lattice + struc
Page 13 and 14: Atomic Coordinates: Fractional coor
Page 15 and 16: . Bravais Lattice: (14) Unit Cell:
Page 17 and 18: Face-centered cell and its primitiv
Page 19 and 20: * Cubic a=b=c α= β = γ =90º c 9
Page 21 and 22: Monoclinic F = C a.Primitive rhomoh
Page 23 and 24: .Miller indices (hkl) Miller indice
Page 25 and 26: Example: Directions on the (111) pl
Page 27 and 28: 7.1.5 Real crystals and Crystal def
Page 29 and 30: . Point symmetry elements compatibl
Page 31 and 32: ⎡0 ⎢ R(4) = ⎢1 ⎢ ⎣ 0 1 0
Page 33 and 34: Summary of symmetry elements and sy
Page 35 and 36: 7.2.3 The description and applicati
Page 37 and 38: X-rays produced by electronic trans
Page 40 and 41: SPring-8, at Osaka, Japan. www.spri
Page 42 and 43: Interference condition: the differe
Page 44 and 45: diffraction crystal planes - (100),
Page 46 and 47: The contribution of the scattering
Page 48 and 49: 2. The intensity of diffraction bea
Page 50 and 51: Types of reflecti on hkl okl 00l sy
Page 52 and 53:
Automated diffractometer method 2.
Page 54 and 55:
(7) Index and calculate h 2 +k 2 +l
Page 56 and 57:
. Applications of powder diffractio
Page 58:
Crystal Quasi-crystal There is no t
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Chapter 7 Introduction to Crystallography

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