concrete roof tile

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EXTRACTION RAW MATERIALS AND SUPPLYING MATERIALS Transport BLENDING MANUFACTURING PAHSE PRESS-EXSTRUSION GROUTING INPUT RESOURCES ENERGIES TRANSPORTS RESIN APPLICATION NATURAL DRYING SWAGES REMOVAL OUTPUT WASTES EMISSIONS TO AIR, WATER AND SOIL PACKING AND STOCKING DISTRIBUTION USE PHASE USE AND END OF LIFE Not included in the impact assessment Fig.2.1- The system boundaries of life cycle concrete roof tile Exclusions As set out in the PCR 2008:04, the following processes are not included: the construction of factory buildings and infrastructure; the production of manufacturing equipment; the maintenance and production of spare parts which have a life cycle longer than three years (e.g. the aluminium swages); the packaging of raw materials; the personnel activities. In addition, the following processes are not included: product use by costumers (described in qualitative terms in paragraph 2.5); product end of life treatments (described in qualitative terms in paragraph 2.6). 2.4 Data quality The data used for the LCA study are collected in the Gambale production site and site-specific data provided by Gambale according to 2009. The data of database used for impact assessment are: Ecoinvent 1.2, ETH- ESU 96, IVAM LCA 3, BUWAL 250 e IDEMAT 2001. The electricity mix used by Gambale is the Italian one (in LCA study it has been considered the italian mix electricity of Ecoinvent database). Pag. 6 /11
For the transports representation (from supplying firms to Gambale and from Gambale to costumers) it has been used the actual transportation model present in Ecoinvent 1.2, ETH-ESU 96 and IDEMAT 2001 database. The veicule types and the distances are based on real data provided by Gambale and supplying firms. According to the Requirements for Environmental Product Declarations (MSR 1999:2), the environmental impact associated to generic data don’t exceed 10% of the overall environmental impact due to the Gambale product system (they are ≤ 1%). 2.5 Use phase informations Generally, the concrete roof tile use phase includes: building site operations and security plans for height works; the covering scheme; the laying of elements for roof covering impermeability; the covering maintenance. All these aspects are very significant for the roof durability. The durability is an important building characteristic because it permits to last long and have the best performances as long as possible. The durability dependes on: material quality; the techniques layed to installation and weather events to which roof covering is subject 3 . The Gambale concrete roof tiles are under warranty for 30 years and they have a durability as building ones (i.e. 80 or 100 years). Gambale provides assistance to operators during roof covering design, it provides assistance for laying techniques and for technical solutions in order to preserve the roof covering characteristic in serious weather events (e.g. hail, water seepage and freezing). 2.6 End of life informations It is considered very important to communicate which can be the concrete roof tile disposal scenarios, within environmental in force legislation, in order to follow the best available technology (BAT) promoting the end of life treatments for recovery or recycling material instead of disposal in landfills. In fact, Gambale recovers all the concrete roof tiles scraps. One of the main characteristics of concrete roof tiles is that they can be completely reusable, after crushing, as inert in other manufacturing and/or product. This aspect facilitates the spread of criteria for selective buildings demolition. The selective building demolition method enables separation of different building components (e.g. the concrete) through techniques aimed at obtaining homogeneous material fractions reusable again. It is advisable to include in product design phase the material recovery and recycling scenarios and include in the end of life phase the techniques to separate materials recovered. The waste of concrete roof tile, according to environmental italian legislation, is identified as “special waste non-hazardous” and it is a waste that derives from “construction and demolition waste” (C&D). According to italian annual statistics 4 the “C&D wastes” are recovered for 56.3%. 3 Source: C.Pellanda, “La manutenzione delle coperture”, Il Tetto, informazione, cultura e tecnica edilizia. Marzo 2006, n°84. 4 Source: Rapporto rifiuti 2007 -Estratto- APAT, Agenzia per la Protezione dell’Ambiente e per i servizi Tecnici, Gennaio 2008. Pag. 7 /11
Page 1 and 2: ENVIRONMENTAL PRODUCT DECLARATION o
Page 3 and 4: 1. ORGANIZATION AND PRODUCT DESCRIP
Page 5: extrusion; the grouting; the resin
Page 9 and 10: 2.7.3 Potential environmental impac
Page 11: GLOSSARY Allocation: Partitioning t

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