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BIRBAL SAHNI INSTITUTE OF PALAEOBOTANY Annual Report 2004-2005 notably absent due to recrystallization but abundance of cosmopolitan marker Cr. reticulatum and presence of S. predistentus and Cy. floridanus the assemblage is assigned to NP 17 Zone (emended Discoaster saipanensis Zone, Rai 1988) of Bartonian age. Jyotsana Rai & Rahul Garg Studied paddy field indicator diatoms and rice and grass phytolith in the Lahuradewa Lake sediments in Ganga plain. The studies indicate that the rice cultivation started during 7000 yr BP in this region. Due to their extremely resistant nature to decay phytolith studies are now being carried out as a new palaeoecological tool for deciphering palaeoclimatic fluctuation in dry regions of Ganga basin. Vandana Prasad Studied heterogeneity of coralline red algae and their implications on palaeoenvironment from the late Palaeocene sequence of South Shillong Plateau. The assemblage is represented by the genera Lithoporella, Lithothamnion, Mesophyllum, Sporolithon, Corallina and Jania. On the basis of abundance and diversity of these corallines it has been interpreted that the algal forms thrived in a shallow warm, tropical to subtropical environment and the sea water was moderately agitated, sunny and clear. A.K. Ghosh Prepared a research note dealing with remarkable condition– pollen inside pollen, observed in Salvia leucantha Cav. (Lamiaceae) and its possible reason. Salvia leucantha is native to Mexico and has been naturalized in India in subtropical and temperate zones of Himalaya.Its polleniferous material, procured from Kumaun showing polymorphism of pollen, i.e. 4 to 11- colpate, spiraperturate, dyad and triad) has also shown several pollen snaring another pollen. The receptor and embedded pollen are of same as well as of different types. The number of embedded pollen is often one but occasionally 2-3 or more pollen may also occur inside one receptor. Such a surprising condition can not be natural but the outcome of conventional technique, i.e. acetolysis followed by centrifugation used for the palynological investigations. Asha Gupta SEM/TEM studies on biodegradation of cuticle membranes (CM) have shown degree of cuticle preservation. In one type of pteridosperm CM was highly stratified at fine structure level, which shows resistance to biodegradation. Usha Bajpai Received four samples as per the project work Fifth International Radiocarbon Inter-comparison programme conducted by the University of Glasgow, Glasgow. The samples- Barley mash (VIRI-A), seed (VIRI-B), Barley mash (VIRI-C), and another seed (VIRI-D) have been analysed and the result will be sent shortly. Supriya Chakraborty 29
BIRBAL SAHNI INSTITUTE OF PALAEOBOTANY Annual Report 2004-2005 Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeobotany Collaborative Work Adiversified assemblage of organic-walled microfossils comprising 36 forms of the benthic and planktonic forms (cyanobacteria, acritarchs and Vase shaped microfossils) has been recovered in petrographic thin sections from the lenses and bedded chert belonging to Buxa Dolomite exposed near Igo Bridge, Daring-Basar road in West Siang District of Arunachal Pradesh including one new species. In this, assemblage 17 taxa of cyanobacterial remains belonging to Chroococcaceae, Nostocaceae and Oscillatoriaceae; 18 forms of Acritarchs belonging to Sphaeromorphida, Scaphomorphida and Sphaerohystrichomorphida subgroups; and one Vase shaped microfossils (Melanocyrillium hexodiadema) are present. The present assemblage of microbiota compares well with the known assemblage from the latest Proterozoic/Vendian sediments of northwest and central Lesser Himalayas (India) and its equivalent sediments in other parts of the world. Presence of both benthic and planktonic forms in the assemblage indicates deposition in lagoonal tidal flat condition, whereas contact with open sea was occasionally available. The petrographic thin sections of Buxa dolomite, from Kameng area and the Menga window in the Upper Subansiri District also shows presence of non-mineralized sponges. These sponges are being reported for the first time from the locality. The assemblage of these fossil specimens represents three types of extinct sponge forms. The present forms are simplest metazoans having numerous small pores on their body surface and hence justify their placement in Phyllum Porifera (Pore bearers). They show cellular grade constructions and loose aggregation of cells bound into soft tissues. All sponges have skeleton which provides them strength and rigidity. From the study, we believe that the ancient sponges may not be having the mineralized skeleton made by spicules and forms with the organic skeleton and morphology similar to existing forms may be found in ancient sediments. Manoj Shukla & Rupendra Babu [& V.C. Tewari (WIHG, Dehradun) & Prabhat Kumar (Lucknow] Recorded an assemblage of microbial remains comprising cyanobacteria, multicellular tissue of algal thalli (thallophytes) belonging to Rhodophyta, Acritarchs and Vase shaped microfossils (VSM) from the phosphetic black chertlenticles and shale partings associated with quartz arenite of Chambaghat Formation in the Kamlidhar Syncline, Sirmaur District, Himachal Lesser Himalaya. Presence of VSMs, a Rhodophyte Wengania and the decreasing diversity of microplanktons, viz,. medium sized leiospherids and few acanthomorphs indicates a Terminal Proterozoic age for these sediments. Manoj Shukla & Rupendra Babu [& V.K. Mathur & D.K. Srivastava (GSI, Northern Region, Lucknow)] Initiated collection and studies of surface and subsurface samples of different coalfields of India with the objective of intra-/inter-basinal correlation through highresolution stratigraphic and palynological studies on selected areas of Rajmahal-Birbhum, Damodar Valley, Son Valley, Mahanadi Valley, Satpura, and Wardha-Godavari Valley basins. Ceratin coal samples from Son Valley have also been received for petrographic study. MOU between BSIP & GSI (Coal Wing) Proposed and finalized a mission oriented collaborative project with Singreni Collieries Company Limited to study the palynostratigraphical aspect of coal-bearing sequences (NJ) and to take up biopetrological study of the coals from some selected areas (OSS) of the Godavari Valley Coalfield. Visited the area for procurement of samples, scientific discussions, and consultation of literature and reports. Completed processing of samples from different bore-holes— MSP-25 (25 samples), A/335 (22 samples), MSP-27 (11 samples), and MSP- 26 (25 samples). Carried out quantitative analysis of samples from MSP-25 and results are communicated to SCCL. Neerja Jha & O.S. Sarate [& SCCL (Kothagudem, Andhra Pradesh)] Albian limestone building algae of the Kallakudi Formation, (Dalmiapuram), Cauvery Basin have been analysed for their palaeoecological significance. Eight species of calcareous algae – Parachaetetes asvapatii, Sporolithon sp., Lithothamnion sp., Lithophyllum sp., Pseudoamphiroa propria, Neomeris cretaceae, Salpingoporella verticelata and Agardioliopsis cretaceae are recorded. Among these P. propria and S. verticelata are first records from the Indian lithological succession. Distribution of these forms under lagoonal to reefoidal environments have been traced. The reported assemblage represents admixture of updwelling and nonupdwelling marine seasonal floras of Albian times in the Cauvery Basin. Sporolithon sp A. Rajanikanth [& P.K. Mishra, S. Kishore & S.K. Singh (Botany Dept., Lucknow University) & A.K. Jauhri (Geology Dept., Lucknow University)] 30
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