Publication - Transport 2005 - Definitions - Danmarks Statistik

Danmarks Statistik, 26 October 2005 

Transport 

EEG/- 

File no. 125140 

Definitions for transport Statistics 

The document presents a list of definitions applied in the Danish transport 

statistics. Where it has been found useful the explanatory notes are added to 

the definitions in italics. 

When a corresponding definition is contained in the UNECE Glossary for 

Transport Statistics, 3rd Edition, a reference is given to the definition number. 

If the Danish definition does not comply with the UNECE information is given 

about the deviation. 

If a similar UNECE definition does not exist a reference is given to definitions 

used in Eurostat’s transport statistics. 

The definitions are listed in thematic groups: 

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− 

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− 

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Infrastructure 

Means of transport 

Traffic 

Passenger transport 

Goods transport 

Traffic accidents 

Energy consumption 

Emissions from transport and air quality 

National accounts statistics 

Accountancy statistics for transport enterprises 

Employment in transport 

Some of the thematic groups are subdivided according to mode of transport.

1. Infrastructure 

The transport infrastructure consists of railway constructions, roads, seaports, 

airports and oil and gas pipelines that can be used for transport of goods and 

passengers. 

1.1 Roads 

Road 

Definition: 

Explanatory note: 

UNECE Glossary: 

Line of communication (travelled way) using a stabilized base other than rails 

or airstrips open to public traffic, primarily for the use of road motor vehicles 

running on their own wheels. 

Included are bridges, tunnels, supporting structures, junctions, crossings and 

interchanges. Toll roads are also included. Excluded are dedicated cycle-paths. 

Definition B.I-01. 

Road network 

Definition: 



All public roads in a given area 

Statistics on the Danish road network excludes common private roads. 

The Danish definition deviates from definition B.I.02 in UNECE’s Glossary for 

Transport Statistics as common private roads are excluded. 

Main roads 

Definition: 

Road belonging to the superior network of roads ensuring quick and effective 

transport between major towns and ports, and thereby connects the Danish 

regions. Main roads are owned by the state and administered by the Road 

Directorate. 

Country roads 

Definition: 

Road administered by the counties. 

Municipal roads 

Definition: 

Roads administered by the municipalities. 

Motorways 

Definition: 

Roads specially designed and built for motor traffic, which do not serve 

adjacent properties, and which: 

2

- are provided, except at special points or temporarily, with separate 

carriageways for the two directions of traffic, separated from each 

other, either by a dividing strip not intended for traffic, or 

exceptionally by other means; 

- does not cross at level with any road, railway or tramway track, or 

footpath; 

- is specially sign-posted as a motorway and is reserved for specific 

categories of road motor vehicles; 



Entry and exit lanes of motorways are included irrespectively of the location of 

the sign-posts. Urban motorways are also included. 


Dual carriageways 

Definition: 

Roads specially designed and built for motor traffic, which do not serve 

adjacent properties, and which: 

- are specially sign-posted as dual carriageways and are reserved for 

specific categories of road motor vehicles; 

- do not have separation of carriageways for the two directions; 

- can have crossing traffic; 

E-roads 

Definition: 


The international "E" network consists of a system of reference roads as laid 

down in the European Agreement on Main International Arteries, Geneva, 15 

November 1975 and its amendments. 


Urban roads 

Definition: 


A road within the boundaries of a built-up area, which is an area with entries 

and exits special sign-posting. 


1.2. Railways 

Railway 

Definition: 



Line of communication made up by rail exclusively for the use of railway 

vehicles. 

Line of communication is part of area equipped for the performance of transport. 

Definition A.I-01. 

3

Metro 

Definition: 



An electrified railway for the transport of passengers with the capacity of a 

heavy volume of traffic and characterised by exclusive rights-of-way, multicar 

trains, high speed and rapid acceleration, sophisticated signalling to allow 

for a high frequency of trains, and high platform load. Metros are also 

characterised by frequent stations, normally meaning a distance of 700-1200 

m between the stations. 

“High speed” refers to the comparison with trams and light rail, and means here 

approximately 30-40 km/h for short distances, 40-70 km/h for long distances. 

Is also known as ”subway”, “metropolitan railway” or “underground”. 


S-train 

Definition: 

An electrified railway in Copenhagen Metropolitan Region for the transport of 

passengers with the capacity of a heavy volume of traffic and characterised by 

having a separate network, multi-car trains, high speed and rapid 

acceleration, sophisticated signalling to allow for a high frequency of trains, 

and high platform load. 

Regional railways 

Definition: 

Independent regional railways 

Railway network 

Definition: 



All railways in a given area. 

This does not include stretches of roads or water even if rolling stock should be 

conveyed over such routes, e.g. by wagon-carrying trailers or ferries. Lines solely 

used for purposes of tourism are excluded as are railways constructed solely to 

serve mines, forests or other industrial or agricultural undertakings and which 

are not open to public traffic. 


Track 

Definition: 


A pair of rails over which railway vehicles can run 


Electrified track 

Definition: 


Track provided with an overhead trolley wire or with conductor rail to permit 

electric traction. 


4

Railway line 

Definition: 


One or more adjacent running tracks forming a route between two points. 

Where a section of network comprises two or more lines running alongside 

one another, there are as many lines as routes to which tracks are allotted 

exclusively. 


Railway network segment 

Definition: 



Section of network between points on the railway network. 

The railway network is split up into segments delimited by stations or junctions 

on the network. 


Length of railway network 

Definition: 

The total length of railway segments operated. 

1.3. Seaports 

Seaport 

Definition: 


A place having facilities for merchant ships, to moor and to load or unload 

cargo, or to disembark or to embark passengers to or from vessels, usually 

direct to a pier. 

Definition E.I-02. 

1.4. Airports 

Airport 

Definition: 


Locality (including any buildings, installations and equipment) prepared for 

take-off and landing of aircraft and open for commercial air transport 

operations. 

UNECE’s Glossary for Transport Statistics does not yet contain definitions 

about aviation. The definition corresponds to definition I.01 in Eurostat’s 

Draft Glossary, Version 6, on Air Transport Statistics 

Airport runway 

Definition: 

A defined rectangular area on an airport prepared for landing and take-off of 

aircraft. 

5




Draft Glossary, Version 6, on Air Transport Statistics 

Length of runway 

Definition: 


The maximum length of the runway declared available and suitable for the 

ground run of an aircraft handling. 



Draft Glossary, Version 6, on Air Transport Statistics. 

1.5. Pipelines 

Oil pipelines 

Definition: 


Pipes for the movement of crude or refined liquid petroleum products by 

pumping. Only pipes made of steel and constructed to have a design pressure 

of at least 80 bars are included. 

Branch lines are included as well as oil pipelines between the land and drilling 

platforms at sea. Excluded are oil pipelines whose total length is less than 50 km 

or whose inside diameter is less than 15 centimetres and oil pipelines used only 

for military purposes or located entirely within the site boundaries of an 

industrial operation, as well as oil pipelines that are entirely off-shore (i.e. 

located solely out in the open sea). International oil pipelines whose total length 

is 50 km or more are included even if the section in the reporting country is less 

than 50 km long. Oil pipelines consisting of two (or more) parallel pipelines are 

to be counted twice (or more). 

Only units which actually carry out an activity during the reference period 

should be considered. "Dormant" units or those not yet having begun their 

activity are excluded. Dong A/S (The National Oil and Gas Company of 

Denmark) is the owner of the oil pipeline system transporting the majority of the 

oil produced from the Gorm field in the North Sea via Filsø pumping station on 

the west coast of Jutland, across Jutland to Fredericia crude oil terminal. The oil 

pipeline system was constructed in 1982/83. It is 330 km long, of which 220 km 

in the North Sea. It is made of steel pipes with a diameter of 20 inches. The design 

pressure is 95 bars in the North Sea pipeline and 99 bars in the onshore pipeline. 


Definition D.I/II.-01. 

Gas pipelines 

Definition: 

Pipes for the movement of liquid natural gas by pumping. Only pipes made of 

steel and constructed to have a design pressure of at least 80 bars are 

included. 

6


DONG owns and operates the Danish natural gas transport system, which has, 

since 1982, transported gas from first the Tyra field and also from the Harald 

and Syd Arne fields in the North Sea via Nybro gas treatment plant on the west 

coast of Jutland to the junction in Egtved, wherefrom it is redistributed to the 

regions in the south, north and east. From 2003, the state-owned Gastra A/S is 

the owner of the onshore transmission network, while DONG A/S still owns and 

operates the sea pipelines in the North Sea up to Nybro. 

The pipelines for transporting natural gas consist, partly of the North Sea 

pipelines, partly of the onshore transmission network, including pipelines under 

the Belts. The design pressure of the North Sea pipelines is at least 138 bars, while 

that of the onshore pipelines in the transmission system is 80 bars. 

2. Transport equipment 

Transport equipment consists of rolling transport equipment, i.e. railway and 

road vehicles, ships and aircraft, and other transport loading units, such as 

containers and swap bodies. 

2.1. Road vehicles 

Road motor vehicle 

Definition: 



A road vehicle fitted with an engine whence it derives its sole means of 

propulsion, which is normally used for carrying persons or goods or for 

drawing, on the road, vehicles used for the carriage of persons or goods. 

The statistics exclude motor vehicles running on rails. 

Definition B.II-05. 

Passenger road vehicle 

Definition: 



Road vehicle designed primarily to carry one or more persons. 

In addition to cars for private transport, passenger road vehicles also include 

taxis, hire cars, ambulances and buses and coaches and mobile homes. 


Passenger car 

Definition: 


Road motor vehicle with four or more wheels intended for the carriage of 

passengers and designed to seat no more than nine persons (including the 

driver) as well as road motor vehicles with three wheels if the unladen weight 

of the vehicle is above 400 kg. 

In addition to private transport the cars can be used as taxis, hire cars, 

ambulances and buses and coaches and mobile homes. 

Hearse cars are classified as vans. 

7

Vans are classified as goods road vehicles regardless of the registered use. In some 

statistics, vans below 2 000 kg of unladen weight are considered passenger cars. 

”Company car” is a tax related concept. It covers cars owned by an employer and 

at the disposal of an employee. 


Deviates from the definition B.II-12 in UNECE’s Glossary for Transport 

Statistics that also includes vans mainly used for transport of passengers. 

Motor-coach or bus 

Definition: 



Passenger road motor vehicle designed to seat more than nine persons 

(including the driver). 

Comprises buses in scheduled traffic, coaches and buses used privately, e.g. by 

associations. 


Motorcycle 

Definition: 


Two-wheeled road motor vehicle with or without side-car, including motor 

scooter, or three-wheeled road motor vehicle not exceeding 400 kg unladen 

weight. All such vehicles with a cylinder capacity of 50 cc or over are 

included. 

Electricity-powered small vehicles”Ellerter” are included. 



Moped-45 

Definition: 


Two- or three-wheeled road vehicle, which is fitted with an engine having a 

cylinder capacity of less than 50cc or an electricity-driven engine, and 

constructed to have a maximum speed of 45 km p.h. 


Moped-30 

Definition: 


Two- or three-wheeled road vehicle, which is fitted with an engine having a 

cylinder capacity of less than 50cc or an electricity-driven engine, and 

constructed to have a maximum speed of 30 km p.h. 


Bicycle 

Definition: 

Vehicles with at least two wheels driven exclusively by muscular energy, 

especially by means of pedals or handgrips (e.g. two-wheeled bicycles, threewheeled 

bicycles, four-wheeled bicycles and bicycles for the disabled). 

8

Goods road vehicle 

Definition: 



Road vehicle designed, exclusively or primarily, to carry goods. 

Vans are included 

Deviates from definition B.II-18 in UNECE’s Glossary for Transport Statistics 

which only includes vans mainly used for transport of goods. 

Van 

Definition: 



Road motor vehicles designed exclusively or primarily to carry goods with a 

gross vehicle weight of no more than 3 500 kg. 

Road motor vehicles designed exclusively for hearses and vans registered for 

transport of passengers are included under vans. 

Deviates from definitions B.II-18, B.II-20 and B.II-21in UNECE’s Glossary for 

Transport Statistics which also includes vans mainly used for transport of 

passengers. 

Lorry 

Definition: 



Road motor vehicle with a gross vehicle weight of more than 3 500 kg, 

designed, exclusively or primarily, to carry goods. 

Road mother vehicles for fire extinguishing or rescue operations are excluded. 

Deviates from to definition B.II-21 in UNECE’s Glossary for Transport 

Statistics which also includes vans mainly used for transport of goods. 

Road tractor 

Definition: 


Road motor vehicle designed to haul semi-trailers. 

Agricultural tractors are excluded. 

Are in some statistics included in ”Lorries, total”. 



Trailer 

Definition: 


Goods road vehicle designed to be hauled by a road motor vehicle. 

Registered trailers to be hauled by tractors are included. Other agricultural 

trailers and caravans are excluded. 

Small trailers normally under 2,000 kg gross weight and usually hauled by 

private cars and vans are often named” trailers”. 

9

Included are ’carts’, large trailers with 2 or more fixed axles. 


Deviates from definition B.II-24 as registered trailers to be hauled by tractors 

are excluded. 

Road train 

Definition: 


Goods road motor vehicle coupled to a trailer 


Semi-trailer 

Definition: 


Goods road vehicle with no front axle designed in such way that part of the 

vehicle and a substantial part of its loaded weight rests on the road tractor. 


Articulated vehicle 

Definition: 


Road tractor coupled to a semi-trailer. 


Caravan 

Definition: 



Road vehicle intended for habitation and designed to be hauled by passenger 

car. 

Excluded are combi-caravans with a built-in tent, functioning as a caravan, 

when the tent is put up. They are considered to be an articulated vehicle for 

transport of goods. 


Tram 

Definition: 


Passenger road vehicle designed to seat more than nine persons (including 

the driver), which is connected to electric conductors or powered by diesel 

engine and which is rail-borne. 


Agricultural or other non road tractor 

Definition: 


Motor vehicle designed primarily to haul a trailer or a tool and designed to 

have a maximum speed of 30 km p.h. 

Agricultural or other non -road tractor can be: 

− Registered on the Central Vehicle Register 

10

− 

− 

Not registered but are approved to use public roads within certain limits 

Neither registered nor approved. These tractors may only use public 

roads on special occasions. 


Deviates from definition B.II-23 in UNECE’s Glossary for Transport Statistics 

which only includes agricultural tractors. 

Unladen vehicle weight 

Definition: 



The unladen weight of the vehicle inclusive fixed equipments such as crane. 

The weight of fuels and driver are excluded. 


Load capacity 

Definition: 


Maximum permissible weight of goods, including the weight of fuel and 

driver. 


Gross vehicle weight (legal permissible maximum weight) 

Definition: 



Total of the weight of the vehicle (or combination of vehicles), including its 

load when stationary and ready for the road declared permissible by the 

competent authority of the country of registration. 

Is equal to the sum and unladen weight and load capacity 


Age of road vehicle 

Definition: 


Length of time after the first registration of the road vehicle, irrespective of 

the country in which it was registered. 


Superstructure of the motor vehicle 

Definition: 


Ref. to UNECE: 

Classification of goods road vehicles by type of their superstructures. 

The following classes are distinguished: 

Tanker; closed box; box with tarpaulin cover, open body; refrigerated box; 

tipper; container/swap body transporter; 

A vehicle can be registered for more than one superstructure. 


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Owner of vehicle 

Definition: 


Characterization according to type of ownership: Household or enterprise 

(private or public). 

The classification is based on the knowledge of the unit, personal or enterprise 

number of the owner. 

2.2 Car at disposal and car purchases 

Car at disposal 

Definition: 


A family has a car at its disposal when one or more of the following criteria 

are fulfilled: 

− One or more family members own one or more passenger cars 

− One or more family members own a van for private transport of goods 

− One or more family members has a company car at their disposal 

Car ownership is compiled as of 1 January, while company car at disposal 

requires a year-round disposal during the year of assessment for income tax (the 

year before the date of compilation). 

The family characteristics applied in distributing car at disposal relate to the year 

before the date of compilation. However, some of the characteristics, e.g. income, 

education and occupation are not available for the previous year of assessment at 

the time of compilation. 

Car purchases 

Definition: 


A family has purchased a car, when one or more of the following criteria are 

fulfilled: 

− 

− 

One or more family members have purchased one or more new passenger 

cars. 

One or more family members have purchased one or more new vans for 

private transport of goods. 

Family purchases of cars for a whole year. 

The family characteristics applied in distributing the car purchases relate to the 

same year as the year in which the car was purchased. However, some of the 

characteristics, e.g. income, education and occupation are not available for the 

previous year. 

Family 

Definition: 


A family consists of one or more persons who live at the same address and 

who have specific relations to each other. The type of relations is decisive for 

the family type concerned. 

There are 3 main groups of family types: single persons, couples and children 

under 18 years not living at home. Only the 2 first groups may have children 

12

living at home. The size of the latter group is relatively speaking of no 

importance. 

A couple consists of 2 adult persons, thus forming a couple, i.e. married couples, 

registered partnerships, cohabiting couples, and any children of the couple under 

18 years living at home. Both joint children as well as separate children are 

included. In a family consisting of a single person with or without children living 

at home under 18 years, the single person is considered an adult person, which 

does not form part of one of the 4 couple types. A child not living at home is under 

18 years, does not live together with anyone of his/her parents, does not form 

part of a couple and does not have any children of his/her own living at home. 

Consequently, a family consists of not more than 2 generations. If 3 generations 

live together, there will be two or several families in accordance with the family 

definition, which is applied in this context. 

A family is not the same as a household, as a household comprises all persons 

living at the same address, irrespective of their relations; and this implies that a 

household may consist of several families. There are about 2.9 mio. families in 

Denmark, but only about 2.5 mio. households. 

Geographic location 

Definition: 


The geographic location or address for persons/families or business 

enterprises in Denmark. 

Localizing persons/families is conducted by means of address information from 

the Central Population Register, while business enterprises are localized through 

the Central Business Register. 

Addresses are, in practice, grouped at the level of municipalities, counties or 

postal codes. 

The linkage to the car-owners is made through the CPR number for persons and 

the CVR number for business enterprises. 

Family income 

Definition: 


Total income is the family’s total income before taxation. 

Total family income comprises the sum of primary income, transfer income and 

capital income. To this is added, e.g. payment in kind and income earned abroad. 

Primary income comprises partly wages and salaries, etc. earned as an employee 

and partly entrepreneurial income. 

Transfer incomes comprise incomes which do not result from commercial efforts 

or any possession of capital. They cover, e.g. cash benefits, unemployment 

benefits, leave benefits, early retirement pay, student grants and family benefits. 

To this is added, payments from private pension and life assurance schemes. 

Property income comprises net interest received, calculated net surplus on own 

dwelling and other property income. 

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A family’s income can be converted so that a family’s possibilities to consume are 

reflected, regardless of the family’s size. In what is known as the “equivalentweighted 

income”, the economies of scale, children’s consumption, etc. have been 

taken into account in such a way that incomes can be compared across family 

type and size. 

Total income as well as the equivalent-weighted income is also at disposal after 

the payment of taxes. 

In order to compare incomes over time – incomes do after all change – the relative 

distribution of family incomes is applied, e.g. by quartiles or deciles. 

Employment status/socio-economic groups of the families 

Definition: 


A family’s occupational characteristics or most important employment. 

The classification describes the most important employment during the year, and 

is equal to the employment status and occupation for the adult person with the 

highest personal income. 

Dwelling type and form of the families 

Definition: 

Explanatory note 

The type of dwelling in which a family lives and the form under which they 

live. 

The dwelling types correspond to the categories on the Central Register of 

Buildings and Dwellings, while the form of dwelling indicates whether the family 

is an owner or a tenant. 

Educational level of the families 

Definition: 

Explanatory note 

Classification of the family according to the highest completed level of 

education of the adult persons in the family. 

The categories correspond to the main categories of the statistics on education. 

2.3 New registrations of cars, etc. 

Motor vehicles 

Definition: 

See paragraph 2.1 

New registrations 

Definition: 


First-time registrations of a new motor vehicle. 

The dating of the new registrations is based on the date on which the transaction 

was registered at the Local Motor Vehicles Registration Office. This date is in 

most cases not the same as the date when the transaction was entered into (date 

14

on the contract note), as there is frequently a period in which the car dealer 

cleans the car and/or take delivery of the new motor vehicle. 

New registrations do not include first-time registrations of imported second-hand 

motor vehicles as these are re-registered. 

Re-registrations 

Definition: 


Registration of a previously registered motor vehicle to which a new 

registration number is allocated. 

A re-registration is based on the condition that a prior deregistration is effected. 

The dating of re-registrations is based on the date on which the transaction was 

registered at the Local Motor Vehicles Registration Office. 

Re-registrations also cover registrations of imported second-hand motor vehicles. 

De-registrations 

Definition: 


Handing over the number plates from a registered motor vehicles to the Local 

Motor Vehicles Registration Office. 

Subsequently, the motor vehicle is passive until any re-registration may take 

place. 

Stock 

Definition: 


Active (registered) motor vehicles at a given time. 

The motor vehicle is supplied with a valid registration number. 

Seasonal adjustments 

Definition: 


Adjustments (of series) of actual figures on, e.g. sales of motor vehicles take 

seasonal fluctuations into account. 

The seasonal adjustment with respect to motor vehicles covers the monthly 

statistical information on new registrations of passenger cars. 

The values for the seasonal adjustments of new registrations of total passenger 

cars are indirectly arrived at by a summation of the seasonally adjusted values 

for sales to households and industries. 

2.4 Energy efficiency for new registrations of passenger cars 

Motor vehicles 

Definition: 


15

New registrations 

Definition: 


Energy efficiency 

Definition: 


The energy efficiency of a motor vehicle reflects its capacity to convert a given 

quantity of fuel into traffic performance. 

The goal of a motor vehicle’s energy efficiency – km/litre – has been laid down on 

the basis of a comprehensive set of EU rules. It contains a number of standardized 

measurements to which all new passenger cars are subjected. The goal is a 

weighted expression of the consumption of fuels for a fixed combination of motor 

vehicle types and lengths (urban and rural transport, etc.) and with specific 

speeds. 

Since 1 July 1997, newly registered passenger cars have been subject to paying 

duties in accordance with the fuel consumption of the car. For passenger cars, 

which were registered before this date, the system for vehicle excise duty still 

applies. 

The new duty system was introduced for the purpose of reducing air pollution 

caused by car exhausts. The pivotal point of the system is that duties are scaled in 

relation to the energy efficiency of the car. By letting duties increase exponentially 

with increasing fuel consumption per km driven (= a falling energy efficiency), 

the duty system is an inducement to car-buyers, to purchase passenger cars with 

a lower consumption of fuels. 

2.5. Railway vehicles 

Railway vehicles 

Definition: 



Mobile equipment running exclusively on rails, moving either under its own 

power (tractive vehicles) or hauled by another vehicle (coaches, railcar 

trailers, vans and wagons). 

The statistics cover all railway vehicles belonging to the railway body or hired by 

it and actually at its disposal. 

Definition A.II-01. 

Train set 

Definition: 



Indivisible block of railcar(s) and railcar trailer(s) or locomotive(s) and 

passenger railway vehicle(s). 

A train set can only be separated into single vehicles at a workshop. A train can 

therefore only be prolonged or shortened by coupling or decoupling a full train 

set. 


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Line locomotive 

Definition: 



Tractive railway vehicle with a power of 110 kW or above at the draw hook 

equipped with prime mover and motor or with motor only used for hauling 

railway vehicles. 

Locomotive used for traffic on the railway lines. Shunting locomotives are 

excluded. 

Corresponds to definition A.II-07. 

Shunting locomotive 

Definition: 



Tractive railway vehicle with a power of less than 110 kW or above at the 

draw hook 

Normally used for shunting or for work trains and short-distance or low-tonnage 

terminal services. 


Electric locomotive 

Definition: 



Locomotive with one or more electric motors, deriving current primarily from 

overhead wires or conductor rails or from accumulators carried on the 

locomotive. 

A locomotive so equipped which has also an engine (diesel or other) to supply 

current to the electric motor when it cannot be obtained from an overhead wire 

or from a conductor rail is classed as an electric locomotive. 


Diesel locomotive 

Definition: 



Locomotive, the main source of power of which is a diesel engine, irrespective 

of the type of transmission installed. 

However, diesel-electric locomotives equipped to derive power from an overhead 

wire or from a conductor rail are classed as electric locomotives. 


Railcar 

Definition: 


Tractive railway vehicle with motor constructed for the conveyance of 

passengers or goods by rail. 


17

Railcar trailer 

Definition: 



Non-tractive passenger railway vehicle coupled to one or more railcars. 

Tractive railway vehicle of a train set may be a: 

− Driving trailer, i.e. railway vehicle of a train set with a driver’s 

compartment, where a railcar or a locomotive can be remote-controlled, 

which is located at the other end of the core train or train set. 

− Railcar trailer, i.e. a railway vehicle located between two railcar trailers 

or between a railcar trailer and a driving trailer. 


Coach 

Definition: 


Passenger railway vehicle other than a railcar or a railcar trailer. 


Number of seats 

Definition: 



The number of seats and berths available in a passenger vehicle when 

performing the service for which it is intended. 

Seats in dining coaches and buffet compartments places are excluded. 


Wagon 

Definition: 



Railway vehicle normally intended for the transport of goods. 

Railcars and railcar trailers fitted only for the conveyance of goods are included. 


Carrying capacity of wagon 

Definition: 


The carrying capacity of wagon is the maximum authorized weight it can 

carry. 


2.6 Ships 

Seagoing vessel 

Definition: 

Floating marine structure with one or more surface displacement hulls. 

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Hydrofoil, air cushion vehicles (hovercraft), catamarans (high-speed craft), oil 

rigs, light vessels and seagoing barges are included. Vessels under repair are 

included. Vessels, which navigate exclusively in inland waterways or in waters 

within, or closely adjacent to, sheltered waters or areas where port regulations 

apply, are excluded. 

Definition E.II-01. 

Ship (boat) 

Definition: 


Seagoing self-propelled surface-displacement vessel. 

Catamarans (High Speed Craft) are included. Hydrofoil, air cushion vehicles 

(hovercraft), submersibles and submarines are excluded. A seagoing ship 

actually goes to sea, that is, outside the boundary within which inland waterway 

technical safety regulations apply, and outside which the ship's operators must 

satisfy the seagoing regulations. 



Merchant ship 

Definition: 


Ship having a gross tonnage of at least 100 GT, designed for the carriage of 

goods or passengers. 

Deviates from definition E.II-06 in UNECE’s Glossary for Transport Statistics 

where ships below 100 GT and other ships, e.g. fishery vessels and tugs, 

specially fitted out for a specific commercial duty are excluded. 

Cargo vessel 

Definition: 

Ship that is designed mainly for the carriage of goods, and that can 

accommodate fewer than 12 passengers. 

Tanker 

Definition: 


This category includes oil tankers, chemical tankers, LG tankers, tanker 

barges and other tankers designed for transport of liquid bulk. 

Comply with ITST, Eurostat’s International Classification of Ships by Types, 

cf. definition E.II-06 in UNECE’s Glossary for Transport Statistics. 

Bulk carrier 

Definition: 


This category includes dry bulk carriers, OBO (ore, bulk, oil) carriers, bulk/oil 

carriers and dry bulk carriers. 



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Container ship 

Definition: 



Ship designed exclusive for carriage of containers. 

Ship fitted throughout with fixed or portable cell guides for transport of 

containers. 

Comply with ITST, Eurostats International Classification of Ships by Types, cf. 

definition E.II-06 in UNECE’s Glossary for Transport Statistics. 

Specialised carrirer 

Definition: 



Ship specially designed for the carriage of particular cargoes. 

This category includes livestock carrier, barge carrier and chemical carrier. 



General cargo ship 

Definition: 



Cargo ship designed to carry a wide range of goods 

This category includes reefer, ro-ro passenger, ro-ro container, other ro-ro cargo, 

combination carrier general cargo/passenger and combination carrier general 

cargo/container. 



Reefer 

Definition: 


Cargo ship designed for transport of freight under the control of 

temperatures. 



Dry cargo barge 

Definition: 



This category includes barges for transport of dry bulk, OBO (ore, bulk, oil) 

barges, bulk/oil barges. 

This category includes deck barges, hopper barges, lash-sea bee barges, open dry 

cargo barges, covered dry cargo barges and other dry cargo barges. 



20

Passager ship 

Definition: 


Ship designed specifically to carry more than 12 fare-paying passengers 

whether berthed or unberthed. 



Ferry 

Definition: 



A passenger ship designed with one or more decks specifically for the carriage 

of road and/or rail 

Ro-ro freight ferries for transport of containers and unaccompanied trailers and 

semi-trailers are included under general cargo. 


Flag state 

Definition: 



Country and/or territory authorising the registry of a sea-going vessel. 

A seagoing vessel is subject to the maritime regulations in respect of manning 

scales, safety standards and consular representation abroad of its country 

and/or territory of registration. Some countries e.g. Norway and Denmark 

provide ‘international’ or ‘open’ registers where the requirements are different 

from those in the ‘national’ register. 


Year of construction of vessel 

Definition: 


Year of the completion of construction of a vessel. 


2.7. Aircraft 

Aircraft 

Definition: 


Machine that can derive support in the atmosphere from the reactions of the 

air other than the reactions of the air against the earth’s surface. 

Aircraft is: 

− Jet plane driven by a jet engine 

− Propeller-driven aircraft 

− Turbo-propeller-driven aircraft, with propellers driven by a jet engine 

− 

Helicopter that has a set of wing rotating largely in horizontal plane to 

provide both lift and forward propulsion 

21



about aviation. The definition corresponds to definition II.01 in Eurostat’s 

Draft Glossary, Version 6, on Air Transport Statistics. 

2.8. Transport loading units equipment 

Loading units 

Definition: 



Container or swap body. 

“Flats”, which are used in maritime transport, should be considered to be a 

special type of container and are therefore included here. 

Definition F.II-01. 

Container 

Definition: 

Special box to carry freight, strengthened and stackable and allowing 

horizontal or vertical transfers. 

The technical definition of the container is: "Article of transport equipment 

which is: 

− 

− 

− 

− 

− 

− 

of a permanent character and accordingly strong enough to be suitable 

for repeated use; 

specially designed to facilitate the carriage of goods, by one or more 

mode of transport, without intermediate reloading; 

fitted with devices permitting its ready handling, particularly its transfer 

from one mode of transport to another; 

so designed as to be easy to fill and empty; 

stackable; 

having an internal volume of 1 m 3 or more." 



Swap bodies are excluded. 

Although without internal volume, and therefore not satisfying the last criterion 

above, flats used in maritime transport should be considered to be a special type 

of container and therefore are included here. 


TEU (Twenty-foot Equivalent Unit) 

Definition: 


Standard unit for counting containers of various capacities and for describing 

the capacities of container ships or terminals. One 20 Foot ISO container 

equals 1 TEU. 

One 40 Foot container equals two TEU. 

One container between 20 Foot and 40 Foot equals 1.5 TEU 

One container between 20 Foot and 40 Foot (typically of 45 Foot) equals 2.25 

TEU 

22



Swap body 

Definition: 


Carrying unit strong enough for repeated use, but not enough to be top-lifted 

or stackable when loaded, designed for inter-modal transport of which one 

leg is road. 


Flats 

Definition: 



A loadable platform having no superstructure whatever but having the same 

length and width as the base of a container and equipped with top and 

bottom corner fittings. 

This is an alternative term used for certain types of specific purpose containers - 

namely platform containers and platform-based containers with incomplete 

structures. 


Pallet 

Definition: 



Raised platform, intended to facilitate the lifting and stacking of goods. 

Pallets are usually made of wood, and of standard dimensions: 

− 1000mm X 1200mm (ISO) 

− 800mm X 1200mm (CEN). 


3. Traffic 

Traffic comprises movements of motor vehicles on roads and railways, as well 

as by ships and aircraft. 

3.1. Railways 

Railway traffic 

Definition: 


Any movement of a railway vehicle on lines operated. 

Definition A.IV-01. 

Train-kilometre 

Definition: 

Unit of measure representing the movement of a train over one kilometre. 

23



The distance covered is the distance actually run. 

Other transport, e.g. positioning transport of empty railway cars or shunting, 

i.e. transfers of railway cars at a station or at another railway track (e.g. 

shunting year), is excluded from the traffic performance. 


Train traffic on a railway segment 

Definition: 


Number of trains on a segment during a period, e.g. a year or a day according 

to timetable. 

The Danish statistics compile the traffic flow on a weekday. Traffic in both 

directions is included. 

Train traffic on a railway segment during peak hours 

Definition: 


Number of trains on a segment according to timetable during peak hours. 

The Danish statistics compile the traffic flow during peak hours for the direction 

with the greatest flow of traffic. 

3.2. Roads 

Road traffic 

Definition: 



Any movement of a road vehicle on a given network. 

When a road vehicle is being carried on another vehicle, only the movement of the 

carrying vehicle (active mode) is considered. 

Definition B.IV-01. 

Road vehicle-kilometre 

Definition: 



Unit of measurement representing the movement of a road motor vehicle over 

one kilometre. 

The distance to be considered is the distance actually run. It includes movements 

of empty road motor vehicles. 

Definition B.IV-06. 

Traffic on road segments 

Definition: 


Number of road vehicles on a road segment during a period, e.g. a year or day 

according to automatic or manual traffic. 

The Danish statistics compile the traffic flow in both directions of the road. 

24

3.3. Sea traffic 

Sea traffic 

Definition: 



Any movement of a seagoing vessel at sea. 

One port traffic (movements of seagoing vessels to offshore installations, or for 

dumping at sea, or traffic from the sea bed to ports) is included. 

Definition E.IV-01. 

Vessel-kilometre 

Definition: 



Unit of measurement representing the movement of a vessel over one 

kilometre. 

The distance taken into account is the distance actually travelled. 

Definition E.IV-08. 

3.4. Air traffic 

Flight stage 

Definition: 



The operation of an aircraft from take-off to its next landing. 

Following categories are used: 

− Scheduled air service, i.e. a commercial air service operated according to a 

published timetable, or with such a regular frequency that it constitutes an 

easily recognisable systematic series of flights. 

− Non-scheduled air service, i.e. a commercial air service other than 

scheduled air service). 

− Other flights, i.e. non-commercial flights including private operations 


about aviation. The Danish definitions comply with Commission Regulation 

(EC) 1358/2003. 

Flight operations 

Definition: 



Take-offs, landings or touch-and-goes where the aircraft did not have a “full” 

stop”. 

Included are also touch-and-goes, overshoots and failed attempts at landing. 


about aviation. The Danish definition does not fully comply with Commission 

Regulation (EC) 1358/2003 that excludes touch-and-goes and overshoots. 

25

Flight-kilometre 

Definition: 


Unit of measurement representing the movement of a vessel over one 

kilometre. 

The distance taken into account should be the distance actually travelled. It is, 

however, calculated as the distance on a great circle between a couple of airports. 

4. Passenger transport 

Passenger transport includes the transport of transport by motor vehicles on 

roads and railways, as well as by ship and aircraft. 

4.1. Rail passenger transport 

Rail passenger transport 

Definition: 



Movement of passengers using a railway vehicle on a given railway network. 

The main categories are: 

− National passenger transport: transport between the place of embarkation 

and the place of disembarkation, both places located in Denmark. 

− International passenger transport: transport between a place of 

embarkation and a place of disembarkation, one of the places located 

outside Denmark 

− Transit transport: transport through Denmark between a place of 

embarkation and a place of disembarkation, both located outside Denmark. 

Definitions A.V-01 and A.V-03- A.V-05. 

Rail passenger 

Definition: 


Any person, excluding members of the train crew, who makes a journey by 

rail. 

Definition A.V-06. 

Rail passenger journey 

Definition: 



A passenger journey by rail between the place of embarkation and the place of 

disembarkation on the railway network. 

A passenger transfer from one railway vehicle directly to another one is not 

regarded as disembarkation / embarkation. The Danish statistics, however, 

regard transfer between network of different railway undertakings as 

disembarkation / embarkation. 

Deviates from A.V-01 and A.V-12- A.V-14 in UNECE’s Glossary for Transport 

Statistics as passengers are counted more than once, if more than one rail 

network is applied. 

26

Rail passenger-kilometre 

Definition: 



Unit of measure representing the transport of one rail passenger by rail over a 

distance of one kilometre. 

The rail passenger transport performance is only compiled for transport on 

Danish rail networks. For international railway transport and transit transport 

only the transport performance on the Danish territory is calculated. 


4.2. Road passenger transport 

Road passenger transport 

Definition: 



Movements of passengers using a road vehicle on a given road network. 







− Transit transport: transport through Denmark between a place of 

embarkation and a place of disembarkation, both located outside Denmark. 

Definitions B.V-01, B.V-02, B.V-04 and B.V-06. 

Road passenger 

Definition: 


Any person who makes a journey by a road vehicle. Drivers of passenger cars, 

excluding taxi drivers are counted as passengers. Service staff assigned to 

buses, motor coaches, trolleybuses, trams and goods road vehicles are not 

included as passengers. 

Definition B.V-08. 

Road passenger journey 

Definition: 



Road passenger transport by a road vehicle (car, bus, motorcycle, moped or 

cycle) from first place of embarkation to last place of disembarkation. 

A transfer from one bus to another is regarded as disembarkation before reembarkation. 

If, on the other hand, another means of road transport is used after 

disembarkation, the bus journey is considered as having been concluded. 

Definition B. V.13. 

27

Road passenger-kilometre 

Definition: 



Unit of measure representing the transport of one passenger by road over one 

kilometre. 

The road passenger transport performance is only compiled for transport on 

Danish road networks. For international road transport and transit transport, 

only the transport performance on the Danish territory is calculated. 


4.3. Passenger transport by ship 

Passenger transport at sea 

Definition: 



Any movement of passengers using merchant ships on journeys, which are 

undertaken wholly or partly at sea. 







Definition E.V-01. 

Sea passenger 

Definition: 



Any person who makes a sea journey on a merchant ship. 

Service staff assigned to merchant ships are not regarded as passengers. 


Cruise passenger 

Definition: 



A sea passenger making a sea journey on a cruise ship. 

Passengers on day excursions are excluded. 

The main categories of cruise passengers arriving at a port are: 

− Disembarking passenger that finish the cruise journey in the port 

− Embarking passenger that start the cruise journey in the port 

− Transit passengers that visit the port during a cruise journey and thus 

continue the cruise journey by the cruise ship. 


28

Sea passenger journey 

Definition: 


The movement of a passenger from the port at which the journey begins to 

the port at which it ends. For some passengers, notably cruise passengers, this 

can be the same port. 


Sea passenger-kilometre 

Definition: 


Unit of measure representing the movement of one passenger in a merchant 

ship over one kilometre. 


4.4. Air traffic 

Passenger transport by aircraft 

Definition: 


Transport of passengers by aircraft. 







Flight passenger 

Definition: 



Any person, excluding on-duty members of the flight and the cabin crew, who 

makes a journey by air. 

The main categories of passengers in an airport are: 

− Terminal passengers, who begin or end their flight at the airport 

− 

− 

Transfer passengers, who have a stop-over at the airport and continue with 

another flight 

Transit passengers, who have a stop-over at the airport and continue with 

the same flight (number). Transit passengers are not counted as arrived 

passengers when total passengers at an airport are compiled. 


about aviation. The Danish definition corresponds to definition V.11 in 

Eurostat’s Draft Glossary, Version 6, on Air Transport Statistics. 

On flight origin and destination 

Definition: 

An air transport of a passenger on a unit flight (number) from airport of 

embarking to airport of disembarking. 

29



The journey has to be with the same flight (number) 

The Danish definitions comply with Commission Regulation (EC) 1358/2003. 

Flight stage 

Definition: 


The operation of an aircraft from take-off to its next landing. 

The Danish definitions comply with Commission Regulation (EC) 1358/2003. 

Passenger-kilometre 

Definition: 

Unit of measure representing the movement of one passenger in an aircraft 

over one kilometre. 

5. Transport of goods 

Godstransport omfatter transport af gods med køretøjer på veje og skinner, 

med skibe og luftfartøjer samt i rørledninger. 

5.1. Goods carried by road 

Road transport of goods 

Definition: 



Any movements of goods using a road vehicle on a given road network. 

The main categories of road transport using Danish vehicles are: 

− National goods transport: transport between a place of loading and a place 

of unloading, both places located in Denmark. 

− International goods transport: transport between a place of loading and a 

place of unloading, one of the places located outside Denmark 

− Cross trade transport: transport between a place of loading and a place of 

unloading, both located outside Denmark in two different countries. 

− cabotage transport: transport between a place of loading and a place of 

unloading, both located outside Denmark in the same country. 

The main categories of road transport in Denmark using foreign vehicles are: 

− National goods transport: transport between a place of loading and a place 

of unloading, both places located in Denmark. 



Definitions B.V-01 – B.V-06. 

Goods carried by road 

Definition: 

Any goods moved by road goods vehicles. 

30



This includes all packaging and equipment such as containers, swap-bodies or 

pallets. 


Dangerous goods carried by road 

Definition: 


The classes of dangerous goods carried by road are those defined by the 

European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous 

Goods by Road (ADR). 


Weight of road goods 

Definition: 



The weight to be taken into consideration is the gross-gross weight of goods. 

This includes the total weight of the goods, all packaging, and tare-weight of the 

container, swap-body and pallets containing goods. When this tare-weight is 

excluded, the weight is gross weight. 


Tonne-kilometre by road 

Definition: 



Unit of measure of goods transport which represents the transport of one 

tonne by road over one kilometre. 

The transport performance by road is calculated per consignment as the distance 

actually run multiplied by the weight of goods. 


5.2. Goods transport by train 

Goods transport by train 

Definition: 



Transport of goods using a railway vehicle on a given railway network. 


− National goods transport: transport between the place of loading and the 

place of unloading, both places located in Denmark. 



− Transit transport: transport through Denmark between a place of loading 

and a place of unloading, both located outside Denmark. 


31

Goods carried by rail 

Definition: 



Any goods moved by rail vehicles. 

This includes all packaging and equipment, such as containers, swap-bodies or 

pallets as well as road goods vehicles carried by rail. 


Rail goods loaded 

Definition: 



Goods placed on a railway vehicle and dispatched by rail. 

Unlike, road and inland waterway transport, trans-shipments from one railway 

vehicle directly to another and change of tractive vehicle are not regarded as 

unloading/loading. However, if the goods are unloaded from a railway vehicle, 

loaded on another mode of transport and, again loaded on another railway 

vehicle, this is considered as unloading from the first railway vehicle followed by 

loading on the second railway vehicle. 


Goods in combined transport 

Definition: 


Rail goods moved in one and the same loading unit (container or swap body) 

or in a road vehicle. 

Definition F.I-01. 

Full train load 

Definition: 


Any consignment comprising one or several reserved wagons apart from 

goods in combined transport. 


Smalls by train 

Definition: 


Rail goods apart from goods in combined transport and goods in full train 

load. 


Dangerous rail goods 

Definition: 


The classes of dangerous goods carried by rail are those defined by the 

International Regulations concerning the Carriage of Dangerous Goods by 

Rail (RID). 


32

Weight of rail goods 

Definition: 





container, swap-body and pallets containing goods as well as road goods vehicles 

carried by rail. 


Tonne-kilometre by rail 

Definition: 



Unit of measure of goods transport which represents the transport of one 

tonne of goods by rail over a distance of one kilometre. 

The transport performance by rail transport of goods covers solely the transport 

on the Danish network. For international transport and transit transport the 

distance covered is the distance travelled in Denmark. 


5.3. Sea transport of goods 

Sea transport of goods 

Definition: 



Any movement of goods using merchant ships on journeys, which are 

undertaken wholly or partly at sea. 

The main categories of sea transport using Danish sea ports are: 

− National goods transport: transport between a port of loading and a port of 

unloading, both ports located in Denmark. 

− International goods transport: transport between a port of loading and a 

port of unloading, one of the ports located outside Denmark 


Goods carried by sea 

Definition: 



Any goods conveyed by merchant ships. 

This includes all packaging and equipment such as containers, swap-bodies, 

pallets or road goods vehicles. 

Mail is included; goods carried on or in wagons, lorries, trailers, semi-trailers or 

barges are also included. Conversely, the following items are excluded: road 

passenger vehicles with drivers, returning empty commercial vehicles and 

trailers, bunkers and stores of vessels, fish carried in fishing vessels and fishprocessing 

ships, goods carried internally between different basins or docks of the 

same port. 


33

Dangerous goods carried by sea 

Definition: 


The classifications of dangerous goods are those defined by chapter VII of the 

International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS, 1974), as 

amended and as detailed in the International Maritime Dangerous Goods 

(IMDG) code. 


Weight of goods carried by sea 

Definition: 



The weight is calculated as the gross weight of goods. 

The gross weight comprises the tonnage of goods carried, including packaging 

but exclusive of the tare weight of transport units (loaded as well as empty 

containers). 


Tonne-kilometre by sea 

Definition: 


Unit of measure representing the movement of one tonne of cargo in a 

merchant ship over one kilometre. 


5.4. Goods transport by aircraft 

Goods transport by aircraft 

Definition: 

Any movement of goods using an aircraft on journeys 



The main categories of air transport using Danish airports are: 

− National goods transport: transport between an airport of loading and an 

airport of unloading, both airports located in Denmark. 

− International goods transport: transport between an airport of loading and 

an airport of unloading, one of the airports located outside Denmark 



(EC) 1358/2003. 

Goods carried by aircraft 

Definition: 


Any property carried on an aircraft other than stores and baggage. Direct 

transit freight and mail is excluded. 

Direct transit freight and mail is not included. 

34

Goods loaded or unloaded at Copenhagen Airport may include freight using a 

waybill. 





Weight of goods carried by aircraft 

Definition: 





container and pallets containing goods. 




Tonne-kilometre by aircraft 

Definition: 


Unit of measure representing the movement of one tonne of cargo in an 

aircraft over one kilometre. 

The transport performance is calculated using the distance on a great circle 

between the airport of loading and unloading. 

5.5. Pipeline transport 

Pipeline transport 

Definition: 


Any movement of liquid products in a given pipeline network. 

Deviates from definition D.IV/V.01 in UNECE’s Glossary for Transport 

Statistics which only include crude or refined liquid petroleum products. 

Goods transported by pipeline 

Definition: 


Any crude or refined liquid petroleum products and natural gas moved by oil 

pipelines. 

Deviates from definition D.IV/V.04 in UNECE’s Glossary for Transport 

Statistics which only include crude or refined liquid petroleum products. 

Weight of goods transported in pipeline 

Definition: 

The weight is the actual weight transported, inclusive of any content of water 

in the crude oil. 

35

Tonne-kilometre by pipeline 

Definition: 


Unit of measure of transport which represents transport of one tonne of goods 

by pipeline over one kilometre. 

Definition D.IV/V.05. 

6. Traffic accidents, killed and injured persons in traffic 

accidents 

Traffic accidents comprise accidents involving means of transport in motion. 

6.1. Road accidents 

Road accident 

Definition: 



Any accident involving at least one road vehicle in motion on a public road or 

private road to which the public has right of access, resulting in at least one 

injured or killed person. 

Included are: collisions between road vehicles; between road vehicles and 

pedestrians; between road vehicles and animals or fixed obstacles and with one 

road vehicle alone. Included are collisions between road and rail vehicles. Multivehicle 

collisions are counted as only one accident provided that any successive 

collisions happen at very short intervals. Injury accidents exclude accidents 

incurring only material damage. 

Equal to definition B.VII-01. 

Person killed in road accident 

Definition: 


Any person killed immediately or dying within 30 days as a result of an injury 

accident. 

Equal to definition B.VII-05. 

Person injured in road accident 

Definition: 



Any person not killed, but who sustained an injury as result of an injury 

accident, normally needing medical treatment. 

Based on type of damage split up into: 

• Seriously injured persons 

• Slightly injured persons 

Definition B.VII-06. 

The definition of seriously injured persons, however, deviates from that of 

UNECE which requires hospitalisation for at least 24 hours. 

36

Road accidents with involving persons influenced by alcohol 

Definition: 


Any injury accident where at least one driver or pedestrian is reported to be 

under the influence of alcohol, i.e. having more than 0.5 p.m. alcohol in the 

blood. 

Deviates from definition B.VII-15 in UNECE’s Glossary for Transport 

Statistics, as pedestrians influenced by alcohol is not included, and as persons 

influenced by drugs or medicine are excluded. 

Road accident with heavy vehicles involved 

Definition: 


Any injury accident where a lorry above 3.5 tonnes of gross weight, a road 

tractor, a road train or an articulated vehicle are involved. 

Fire engines are included. 

6.2. Railways 

Railway accidents 

Definition: 


Any accident involving at least one rail vehicle in motion, resulting in at least 

one killed or seriously injured person, or in significant damage to stock, track, 

other installations or environment, or extensive disruptions to traffic. 

Accidents in workshops, warehouses and depots are excluded; 



(EC) 1358/2003. 

Railway injury accident 

Definition: 


Any accident involving at least one rail vehicle in motion, resulting in at least 

one injured or killed person. Accidents in workshops, warehouses and depots 

are excluded; 



(EC) 1358/2003. 

Person killed in a railway accident 

Definition: 


Any person killed immediately or dying within 30 days as a result of an 

accident, excluding suicides. 



(EC) 1358/2003. 

37

Person seriously injured in a railway accident 

Definition: 


Any person injured who was hospitalised for more than 24 hours as a result of 

an accident, excluding attempted suicides; 



(EC) 1358/2003. 

Accident involving the transport of dangerous goods 

Definition: 


Any accident or incident subject to reporting in accordance with RID/ADR 

section 1.8.5. 



(EC) 1358/2003. 

6.3. Accidents at sea 

Accidents at sea 

Definition: 


Any accident involving at least one ship in motion, resulting in at least one 

injured or killed person, or in significant damage to a ship. 

Accidents at sea are split up into: 

- Fire 

- Grounding 

- Collision of moving ships 

- Collision of a ship being at quay or at anchor 

- Contact damage, i.e. collision of mole, ferry berth etc. 

- Capsizing, i.e. the ship lies on the side and later shipwrecked. 

- Other accident or reason of accident unknown 

Person killed in sea accident 

Definition: 

Any person killed as a result of an injury accident. 

Person injured in sea accident 

Definition: 

Any person not killed, but who sustained an injury as result of a sea accident 

6.4. Air traffic accident 

Air traffic accident 

Definition: 

Any accident involving at least one aircraft in motion, resulting in at least one 

injured or killed person, or in significant damage to an aircraft. 

38

Person killed in air accident 

Definition: 

Any person killed as a result of an air traffic accident. 

Person injured in air accident 

Definition: 

Any person not killed, but who sustained an injury as result of an air accident. 

7. Energy consumption by transport 

Energy consumption related to transport comprises the energy used for 

propulsion of means of transport and for lighting, heating and other types of 

comfort in means of transport. 

Joule 

Definition: 



Joule, J, is a unit of measurement of energy consumption. 

1 peta-joule = 10 15 J = 108 kWh 

1 tera-joule = 10 12 J = 23.88459 TOE, where TOE is a Tonne of Oil Equivalent as 

approved by the international Energy Agency (IEA) in 1991. 

Definition A.VI-03. 

Motor gasoline (petrol) 

Definition: 


Light hydrocarbon oil for use in internal combustion engines, excluding those 

in aircraft. 

Motor gasoline is distilled between 35o C and 215oC and treated by reforming, 

catalytic cracking or blending with an aromatic fraction to reach a sufficiently 

high octane number (>80 RON). 

Calorific value: 44.8 TJ/1 000 t. 



Aircraft petrol 

Definition: 

Light hydrocarbon oil for use in aircraft engines. 

Jet fuel (JP1) 

Definition: 

Intermediate distillate obtained by refining crude oil, and is used by jet 

engines. 

39

Gas/diesel oil (distillate fuel oil) 

Definition: 


Oil obtained from the lowest fraction from atmospheric distillation of crude 

oil. 

Gas/diesel oil includes heavy gas oils obtained by vacuum re-distillation of the 

residual from atmospheric distillation. Gas/diesel oil distils between 200oC and 

380oC, with less than 65 per cent in volume at 250oC, including losses, and 

80 per cent or more at 350oC. The flashpoint is always above 50oC and their 

density is higher than 0.81. Heavy oils obtained by blending are grouped together 

with gas oils, provided that their cinematic viscosity does not exceed 25 cST at 

40o C. 

Calorific value: 43.3 TJ/1 000 t. 



Liquefied petroleum gases (LPG) 

Definition: 



Light hydrocarbons of the paraffin series which are derived solely from the 

distillation of crude oil. 

The LPG comprises propane and butane or a mixture of these two hydrocarbons. 

They can be liquefied under low pressure (5-10 atmospheres). In the liquid state 

and at a temperature of 38oC they have a relative vapour pressure less than or 

equal to 24.5 bars. Their specific gravity ranges from 0.50 to 0.58. 


Heavy fuel oil (residual) 

Definition: 



Heavy oil that makes up the distillation residue. 

This comprises all residual fuel oils (including those obtained by blending). The 

viscosity of heavy fuel oil is above 25 cST at 40oC. The flashpoint is always above 

50oC and their density is higher than 0.90. 


Electric power 

Definition: 



Energy produced by hydro-electric, geothermal, nuclear and conventional 

thermal power stations, excluding energy produced by pumping stations, 

measured by the calorific value of electricity (3.6 TJ/GWh). 

Pumping station is a power station with a reservoir which is filled by the use of 

pumps. 


40

8. Emissions by transport and air quality in cities 

8.1 Emissions from transport 

Carbon monoxide 

Definition: 


CO = carbon monoxide 

Emissions of carbon monoxide are created by incomplete combustion in petrol 

driven vehicles. 

Carbon dioxide 

Definition: 


CO 2 

= carbon dioxide 

The greater part of the man-made emissions of carbon dioxide is created by the 

production of electric power and heating. Other parts come from industrial 

production and from combustion by the means of transport. 

Laughing gas 

Definition: 


N 2 

O = Nitrous oxide 

Laughing gas is an active greenhouse gas created in transport, agricultural and 

industrial processes. 

Nitrogen oxides 

Definition: 


NO X 

Is the sum of N 2 

O and NO X 

Compound of oxygen and nitrogen formed by the combustion of fossil fuel. 

NO = nitrogen oxide reacting with oxygen in the air and forms NO 2 

destructive 

for the ozone layer in the atmosphere. 

NO 2 

= nitrogen dioxide =created in the oxidation of NO. 

N 2 

O = nitrogen oxide = laughing gas. 

Sulphur dioxide 

Definition: 


SO 2 

SO 2 

is an acidifying matter formed by the combustion of fossil fuel. 

NMVOC 

Definition: 

Non-methane (CH 4 

), i.e. volatile organic compounds 

41


Benzene C 6 

H 6 

is a volatile organic compound contained in petrol and car 

exhausts. 

Particulate matters 

Definition: 


Particles found in the air and formed in connection with the combustion 

process in means of transport. 

The size of the particles is indicated by PM (particulate matter) + maximum size 

in micrometer (= 1 µm = 0,001 mm = 0,000001 m.), e.g. PM 2,5 

. 

The Danish statistics include particles as PM 10 

, i.e. 10 µm at a maximum. 

8.2. Air quality in towns 

The air quality is described by the air content of sulphur dioxide, nitrogen 

dioxide, lead and particles. 

Air quality in streets 

Definition: 


The content of sulphur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, lead and particles per cubic 

metre of air. 

Measured in micro gram (µg) per m 3 air. For lead measured in billionth of gram 

(ng = nanogram) per m 3 of air. 

In Denmark, measured in Copenhagen, Aalborg, Odense and Århus 

9. Economy and employment 

Transport sector 

Definition: 


Comprises enterprises with main activity within divisions 60-63 in the Danish 

Classification of All Economic Activities complying with NACE Rev. 1.1 and 

ISIC rev. 3.1. 

Division 60 consists of the groups: 

− 60.1 Transport via railways 

− 60.2 Other land transport 

− 60.3 Transport via pipelines 


− 61.1 Sea and coastal water transport 

− 61.2 Inland water transport (p.m.) 


− 62.1 Scheduled air transport 

− 62.2 Non- scheduled air transport 

− 62.3 Space transport 


42

− 

− 

− 

− 

63.1 Cargo handling and storage 

63.2 Other supporting transport activities 

63.3 Activities of travel agencies and tour operators; tourist assistance 

activities n.e.c. 

63.4 Activities of other transport agents 

Production value 

Definition: 

Is equal to the value at market prices of market and non-market activity. 

Intermediate consumption 

Definition: 

Intermediate consumption is calculated at purchase prices as the value of the 

goods and services used in production, including expenditure on repairs and 

maintenance. For society in general, gross value added can also be calculated 

as gross domestic product at market prices less net taxes on products. 

Basic prices 

Definition: 

Are defined for domestic production as the price ex works, excluding product 

taxes, net. For imports, basic prices are defined as the CIF value plus customs 

duties. 

Gross domestic product at market prices 

Definition: 


Production at market price less production consumption at purchase prices. 

Can also be calculated on the basis of income as compensation to employees plus 

profit from production and miscellaneous income plus production taxes, net. 

Gross value added at basic prices 

Definition: 


Is measured for each industry as output at basic prices less intermediate 

consumption at purchase prices. 

Equals the sum of other taxes on production, net, compensation of employees and 

gross operating surplus and mixed income. 

Gross value added 

Definition: 

Is equal to gross national product at basic prices 

Gross operating surplus 

Definition: 

Is calculated as gross value added at basic prices less compensation to 

employees and other taxes on production than product taxes, net. 

43

Production taxes 

Definition: 

Comprise taxes/duties on products and other production taxes. The main 

elements of the latter group are property taxes and weight duties on motor 

vehicles which are used in production. 

Subsidies 

Definition: 


Comprise all current transfers from the public sector to enterprises which 

carry out production for the market. 

These subsidies are divided into 

− Product subsidies, i.e. subsidies which are awarded in proportion with the 

goods produced 

− Other production subsidies. 

It should be mentioned that compensation for operating losses in quasigovernment 

corporations are classified as product subsidies. 

Transport enterprises 

Definition: 


Legal entity, e.g. private (limited) company, co-operative society, sole 

proprietorship and partnership etc. engaged in transport as main activity, and 

is classified within divisions 60-63 in the Danish Classification of All 

Economic Activities complying with NACE Rev. 1.1 and ISIC rev. 3.1. 

In a few cases, two or more legal entities managed together are represented as 

one enterprise. 

Turnover in enterprises 

Definition: 



Income generated from sales of products and services which concern the main 

activities of an enterprise. Turnover has been calculated less any discounts 

and does not include taxes, etc., which are directly associated with sales. 

This concept also includes work which has been carried out at one's own expense 

and booked as assets, e.g. construction of own machines. 

Definitions A.III-07, B.III-10. 

Other current revenues 

Definition: 

Other current revenues not linked to the main activities of an enterprise, of 

which reimbursed sickness benefits and public wage and salary subsidies. 

Costs 

Definition: 


Consumption pertaining to turnover in the form of raw materials, final 

products, energy products and changes in stocks. 


44

Financial revenues of enterprises 

Definition: 


Interest, commission, capital gains and foreign loans, interest and dividends 

on securities, etc. 


Financial costs of enterprises 

Definition: 



Interest, capital losses and foreign loans, commission and expenditure on 

custody account, etc. 

Included is also work performed at one’s own account and entered under assets, 

e.g. construction of own machines. 


Value added of primary activity in transport enterprises 

Definition: 

Turnover less costs. Turnover of the enterprise and other operating revenues 

with deduction of costs of goods consumed, depreciations, other ordinary 

costs and payroll costs. 

Workplace 

Definition: 


A workplace is defined as an organisationally delimited part of an enterprise 

located at one address and producing one kind of commodity or service. 

In some cases, the employees are not working at the registered workplaces of the 

employers, but they leave directly from their place of residence, or the work is 

carried out in the vicinity of their place of residence or at several different 

workplaces. In these cases, jobs are referred to so-called fictitious workplaces. 

However, the fictitious workplaces are not covered by the statistics concerning 

number of workplaces. 

Employees at the end of November 

Definition: 

Employees (salaried employees and wage earners) as well as self-employed 

persons and assisting spouses at the end of November. 

45

Publication - Transport 2005 - Definitions - Danmarks Statistik

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