Annexures 5 - SA HealthInfo
Annexures 5 - SA HealthInfo
Annexures 5 - SA HealthInfo
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Annexure 23a<br />
Management algorithm for haemoptysis:<br />
Part I<br />
EVALUATION<br />
Does the blood exit from the nose?<br />
Yes<br />
OBSERVATION<br />
Likely to be epistaxis<br />
No<br />
Is the patient vomiting blood?<br />
Yes<br />
EMERGENCY<br />
Rule out gastrointestinal bleed<br />
No<br />
• Quantity of blood > 150 ml<br />
• Total quantity in 48 hours > 600 ml?<br />
Yes<br />
No<br />
MINOR OR MODERATE HAEMOPTYSIS<br />
• Rest<br />
• Begin step 1 of treatment<br />
• Cough suppressant containing codeine<br />
15-60 mg Q 6 hrs<br />
• Obtain new chest radiograph<br />
MASSIVE HAEMOPTYSIS<br />
EMERGENCY<br />
• Hospitalisation required<br />
• Obtain IV access and administer IV fluid<br />
• Monitor for signs of shock<br />
- systolic blood pressure < 90<br />
- heart rate > 120<br />
- respiratory rate > 30<br />
- somnolence, nausea, weakness, pallor, cold or blue skin<br />
• Perform analysis described in Part II<br />
• Administer treatment described in Part II (Steps 2-4)
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