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Explore Holland N224 N225 4 1 E25 E15 2 E59 Map key Map from Montgomery’s Normandy to the Baltic From Falaise onwards... E25 3 Operation Market Garden 1 Airborne Museum Hartenstein 2 National Liberation Museum 1944-45 3 Wings of Liberation Museum 4 Arnhem War Museum 40-45 From late August 1944, the Allied Forces had the German Army in retreat crossing the Seine with comparitive ease and liberating Brussels in Belgium on 3rd September. The advance was hampered by supplies making even longer journeys to get through. The port at Antwerp, which was in British hands, was still closed as the Germans controlled the Scheldt Estuary. Meanwhile, it was becoming a priority to eliminate the V-2 rocket sites around the Hague in Holland as they were delivering regular, catastrophic raids on London. Operation Market Garden On 17th September, several thousand paratroopers descended from the sky by parachute or glider penetrating up to 150km behind enemy lines. Their goal was to secure the bridges across the rivers in Holland so that the Allied army could advance rapidly northwards and then turn right into the lowlands of Germany skirting round the German defence line (the Siegfried Line). If everything had gone according to plan, it would have ended the war by Christmas 1944. Unfortunately, this daring idea named Operation Market Garden and conceived by Montgomery, didn’t have the hoped for outcome. The bridge at Arnhem proved to be ‘a bridge too far’ and after 10 days of bitter fighting, the operation ended with the evacuation of the remainder of the 1st British Airborne Division from the Arnhem area. As the winter closed in, the British, Canadian and American forces regrouped with the front line running from Aachen to Wasserbillig in Luxembourg. The middle of this line was thinly protected and Hitler exploited this with a counter offensive on 16 December which became known as the Battle of the Ardennes – or the Battle of the Bulge. (See page 28) Through Christmas and January there was bitter fighting and equally bitter weather; American and British reinforcements were brought in and, by the end of January 1945, Hitler’s army had been driven back beyond the Belgian/German frontier. Airborne Museum Hartenstein Artillery gun memorial by John Frost Bridge, Arnhem Airborne Museum Hartenstein Utrechtseweg 232, Oosterbeek www.airbornemuseum.org Airborne Museum Hartenstein, Oosterbeek (Arnhem) A large model of the area with a commentary and pictures illustrates the battle at Arnhem. There are weapons and equipment, both Allied and German, and dioramas made with great detail and historical accuracy. Outside are anti-tank guns and a Sherman tank. The museum is dedicated to British and Polish Airborne Troops. Check the museum website for opening times which may vary – www.airbornemuseum.org Image: W.Wolny Image: Michiel1972 18 www.dfds.co.uk
National Liberation Museum 1944-45, Groesbeek This museum takes you through the period preceding the war, the German occupation, through liberation, to the re-building of the Netherlands after the Armistice. Under a parachute shaped-dome, the names of 1,800 Americans who lost their lives are recorded in a Roll of Honour. Veterans of the American 82nd Airborne Division were the inspiration for this museum which also houses a collection of books recording the names of those of the British Commonwealth and United States killed in action between 6th June 1944 and 8th May 1945 (Victory in Europe Day) in Northwest Europe. National Liberation Museum 1944-45, Wylerbaan 4, Groesbeek Tel: 00 31 (0)2 43 97 44 04 www.bevrijdingsmuseum.nl OPEN: Monday – Saturday 10.00-17.00; Sundays & Holidays 12.00-17.00 CLOSED: 25th Dec - 1st Jan inclusive. National Liberation Museum 1944-45 Wings of Liberation Museum, Best (Eindhoven) The liberation of the South of the Netherlands is the central issue in the Wings of Liberation Museum Park. Documents, photographs, audio-visuals and memorabilia explain the causes of the outbreak of the war. The occupation, suppression and finally the liberation of the Netherlands are covered extensively. The Museum Park is situated in the area where, on the 17th September 1944, units of the 101st US Airborne Division landed as part of Operation Market Garden. A reconstruction in which original vehicles and equipment are arranged, recalls the days of the WW2. Two audio-visual presentations illustrate Operation Market Garden and the Liberation of the Netherlands. Wings of Liberation Museum Sonseweg 39, Best Tel: 00 31 (0)4 99 32 97 22 www.wingsofliberation.nl OPEN: Daily 10.00-17.00 Apr - mid Nov Wings of Liberation Museum Arnhem War Museum 40-45, Ashaarsbergen (Arnhem) The Arnhem War Museum 40-45 portrays the history of the war years 1940-1945, as they were experienced in Arnhem and immediate surroundings, up to and including the liberation. A vast array of uniforms and equipment is on display, together with vehicles, documents and objects giving a snapshot of daily life during the occupation. This private museum is housed in the old village school of Schaarsbergen, just north of Arnhem. Arnhem War Museum 40-45 Tel: 00 31 (0)2 64 42 09 58 www.arnhemwarmuseum.tripod.com OPEN: Tuesdays – Sundays 10.00-17.00 CLOSED: Mondays, Christmas Day and New Year’s Day Paratrooper memorial, St. Eusebius church, Arnhem Image: Ciell Arnhem War Museum 1940-45 Operation Market Garden Trail, Lommel (Belgium) to Arnhem (Holland) This cross-country trail through some of the most attractive Dutch countryside takes you through many of the important sites on this part of the campaign. The trail starts at Lommel, just south of the Belgian Dutch border at a bridge over the Maas-Scheldt Canal. Here a wooden pontoon bridge, constructed by the Germans, was taken by British forces and repaired by Joe’s Troop of the Royal Engineers and, legend has it, was henceforth known as Joe’s Bridge. It is the start of a 200km long footpath leading to Arnhem which was created by the Dutch Hiking Association. It was opened in September 2004 to mark the 60th Anniversary of Operation Market Garden. Image: VirtualSteve TEL: 08715 747218 19
Page 1 and 2: Arnhem Take your car and discover m
Page 3 and 4: Memories of the World Wars History
Page 5 and 6: The British Torch of Remembrance In
Page 7 and 8: The Museum Alexandre Villedieu, Loo
Page 9 and 10: Historical Museum of the Second Wor
Page 11 and 12: Located on the first floor of the H
Page 13 and 14: The Rampart Route Talbot House and
Page 15 and 16: Les Braves, Omaha Memorial Image: C
Page 17 and 18: Image: Olivier Tetard Image: Thouve
Page 19: Bayeux War Cemetery, Bayeux With it
Page 23 and 24: Image: Les Meloures Fort de la Pomp
Page 25 and 26: Image: Harm Frielink Image: Commonw
Page 27 and 28: The Lochnagar Crater, La Boisselle
Page 29 and 30: When thinking of the war-torn regio
Page 31 and 32: Motoring Information The pleasures

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