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Binocular Vision & ABSTRACTS FIRST Quarter of 2011
Strabology Quarterly© Volum e 26 (No 1)
A Medical Scientific e-Periodical Pages 61
Vision / Visual Acuity/ Amblyopia
When the Mind’s Eye Processes Language.
The New Scientist 2011; 209:22. [Précis]
In people blind from birth, the visual
cortex adopts complex language processing
duties. [No author information]
Effects of Anisometropic Amblyopia on
Visuomotor Behavior, Part 2: Visually Guided
Reaching. Niechwiej-Szwedo E, Goltz HC,
Chandrakumar M, Hirji Z, Crawford JD,
Wong AMF. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2011;
52:795-803. [Authors Conclusions]
Amblyopia affects both the programming
and the execution of visually guided reaching.
The increased ... acceleration phase,... reduced
peak acceleration and peak velocity, might reflect
a strategy or adaptation of feedforward/feedback
control... to compensate for degraded spatiotemporal
vision..., allowing pa-tients to optimize
reaching performance. (Agnes Wong, Dept of
Ophthalmology, Hospital for Sick Children, 555
Univ. Ave, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada
Email: agnes.wong@sickkids.ca )
Binocular Vision
The Impact of Stimulus Complexity and
Frequency Swapping on Stabilization of
binocular Rivalry. Sandberg K, Bahrami B,
Lindelov JK, Overgaard M, Rees G. Invest
Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2011. [Authors
Conclusions]
We conclude that overlaps at low visual
stages are the most likely cause of the eyespecific
stabilization for both stimulus types.
Additionally, we examined the impact of
swapping the flicker frequency of the images and
found a general impact on stabilization not
specific to stimulus type. Taken together, the
findings indicate the choice of stimulus features
impact greatly on the results obtained in
stabilization paradigms. (Dr. Sandberg. Email:
krissand@rm.dk)
Extraocular Muscles
Intramuscular Innervation of Primate
Extraocular Muscles: Unique Compartmentalization
in Horizontal Rectus Musclesi. Coats
RMS, Kung J, Poukens V, Yoo L, Tychsen L,
Demer JL. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2011;
10-6651. [Authors Conclusions]
Consistent segregation of intramuscular
motor nerve arborization suggests functionally
distinct superior and inferior zones within the
horizontal rectus EOMs in both humans and
monkeys. Reduced or absent compartmentalization
in vertical rectus EOMs supports a
potential functional role for differential innvervation
in horizontal rectus zones that could
mediate previously unrecognized vertical
oculorotary actions. (Joseph Demer, MD, PhD.
Email: jld@ucla.edu)
Botulinum Toxin
Modulating Neuromuscular Junction Density
Changes in Botulinum Toxin-Treated
Orbicularis Oculi Muscle. Harrison AR,
Berbos Z, Zaldivar, Anderson BC, Semmer M,
Lee, MS, McLoon LK. Invest Ophthalmol Vis
Sci 2010 [Authors Conclusions, edited]
The return of function after botulinum
toxin-induced muscle paralysis is due to terminal
sprouting and formation of new neuromuscular
junctions... Injection of CRF or anti-IGFIR
after[wards]... prevents this sprouting, which in
turn should increase the duration of effectiveness
of single botulinum toxin treatments.
...prolonging botulinum toxin’s clinical efficacy
should decrease the number of injections needed
..., decreasing the risk of negative side effects and
[loss] in drug effectiveness... over a lifetime...
( Dr. Linda McLoon. Email: mclooo001.umn.edu)