MUNISI DISSERTATION REPORT FINAL[1].pdf - muhas

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2 and miners) should also be treated. In low-risk communities, that is communities with prevalence of less than 50% but more or equal to 20% (≥20% and
3 Dodoma, Tabora, Singida and Rukwa. Mara, Shinyanga, Kagera,Mwanza and Kigoma are in the fourth phase. Kilimanjaro (Including Same district), Manyara, and Arusha are within the fifth Phase of the NTDCP in Tanzania (MoHSW, 2009) which is yet to be implemented (Appendix 7). Same has implemented one round mass chemotherapy for soil-transmitted helminths and Schistosomiasis in 2008 (SCI, 2009). Howeve, since the last mass chemotherapy in Same district, there has been no study done to determine the prevalence and intensity of STH infections in the district though it is known that an important factor in STH treatment is reinfection, as it has been observed that after community-wide treatment, rates of hookworm infection reach 80% of pretreatment rates within 30–36 months. A.lumbricoides infection reached 55% of pretreatment rates within 11 months and T trichiura infection reached 44% of pretreatment rates within 17 months (Bethony et al, 2006). It is now four years after the last mass chemotherapy in Same district. Hospital laboratory records in the district show that the prevalence of STH was 15.4% in 2009 (Same District Hospital Laboratory Records, 2009). However hospital records do not truly represent the real infection status in the community. Before the implementation of the fifth phase of the NTDCP there is a need to have up-to date information with regards to the prevalence and intensity of STH in the district, this is because the implementation of treatment programme requires reliable and up-to-date information on the geographical distribution of infection in order to (i) guide control to areas in greatest need and (ii) estimate drug requirements (Brooker et al., 2009). And this information may assist in monitoring and finally evaluation of the control programme. The present study is going to provide data on the prevalence and intensity of soil-transmitted helminths infections, malnutrition and anaemia among primary school children in Same district. So as to determine the need for the scheduled mass chemotherapy for STH in the district.
Page 1 and 2: i SOIL-TRANSMITTED HELMINTHS INFECT
Page 3 and 4: iii DECLARATION AND COPYRIGHT I, Da
Page 5 and 6: v DEDICATION This work is dedicated
Page 7 and 8: vii prevalence of stunting was 42.3
Page 9 and 10: ix TABLE OF CONTENTS CERTIFICATION
Page 11 and 12: xi 3.13. Variables ................
Page 13: 1 CHAPTER ONE 1.0. INTRODUCTION Soi
Page 17 and 18: 5 This study was then designed to p
Page 19 and 20: 7 CHAPTER TWO 2.1. LITERATURE REVIE
Page 21 and 22: 9 In Tanzania STH are quite prevale
Page 23 and 24: 11 The most striking epidemiologica
Page 25 and 26: 13 is stunted, wasted, or both (Nat
Page 27 and 28: 15 Soil-transmitted helminth infect
Page 29 and 30: 17 Morbidity due to soil-transmitte
Page 31 and 32: 19 CHAPTER THREE 3.0. METHODOLOGY 3
Page 33 and 34: 21 Where; • n= The estimated samp
Page 35 and 36: 23 3.9. Data collection procedure 3
Page 37 and 38: 25 All children who were found to b
Page 39 and 40: 27 3.13.2. Dependent variables Heig
Page 41 and 42: 29 Table 4: Demographic characteris
Page 43 and 44: 31 4.4. Prevalence of Stunting in s
Page 45 and 46: 33 4.5. Prevalence of thinness in s
Page 47 and 48: 35 4.6. Prevalence of anaemia in pu
Page 49 and 50: 37 CHAPTER FIVE 5.0. DISCUSSION The
Page 51 and 52: 39 prevalence of stunting being 44.
Page 53 and 54: 41 no difference in the prevalence
Page 55 and 56: 43 as besides other factors STHs an
Page 57 and 58: 45 Bethony J., Brooker S., Albonico
Page 59 and 60: 47 International Federation of Red
Page 61 and 62: 49 Muller O. and Krawinkel M. (2005
Page 63 and 64: 51 Schistosomiasis Control Initiati
Page 65 and 66:
53 World Health Organization. (2006
Page 67 and 68:
55 6.3.2. Appendix 2: Informed Cons
Page 69 and 70:
57 Signature Do you agree? Particip
Page 71 and 72:
59 kupatiwa matibabu husika, na pia
Page 73 and 74:
61 6.3.4. Appendix 4: Questionnaire
Page 75 and 76:
63 6.3.6. Appendix 6: Stool analysi
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