April 1993 - American Bonanza Society

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AD! L26000 Louis H. Abbett L7978 Brian S. Adams, ODS 1..28532 Capl. JesseF. Adams fIL772* Richur'd Allin 1.22460 John Anagnos L21306 E. M. Anderson. Jr. 11L33· Leland T. Amh'cw LJ7655 Charles W. Al'Ilold L27886 Keith \'t' . Antcliff L20038 David Atkinson 1..22604 W. Kf>llIIelh Austin L18321 Ph;! Baker L15241 Jer'omc V. Balas L21584 Joe Bit/'bee L6-139 Paul BUl'ber Ll7149 Alden C. Barr'ios HL13326* Dennis M. Bar'uett L16974 D. P . Bar'toll HL534* Ralph A. Baue l' L18115 Kurt n. Beckel' 1..17341 Mrs. O. A. Bet.'Ch HLlOOOO' Jim Berger L27035 Robert P. Berryman LJ2810 Da,;d W. Best, M.D. L20591 Terry E. Blodgett L5798 James F. Blule In. M.D. L19602 Roy Boatner L 17793 Ken SOl'tner L20961 Dr. GUt'), n .Bl'osfLnax L20 1~69 Pau] J. Brown L2647 C.W. Bryan' L9764 Dr. Reinhard Bucbal), L15373 Willicutl II. Bush Ill..3810* Cal-eel'l Company L 12587 Dr. Chades Cnrey Ll09 17 Jeffrey D. Cannon L1 362.1 Jerry Carroll L7338 Harvey L. CaSeDt:t!I' LlMa1 Hollie Chappell L1894 Howanl Chilton, Jr. L4561 BG Tt:al R. Clu-istensen L7270 Max J. Cobeu, D.D.S. L16207 James E. Collins L24812 J . NonlllUl & ellie Colvin HlA705* John D. Coulson L1 5591 Roge l' D. Cox L7410 John W. Cronin , Jr. L7189 John P. Currall L17658 W. Mutt Dalton L9438 Tom Duvis L11859 Woody D. Davis, ll.D. 1..23752 Hober·t T . Di('kson, M.D. 1..27840 Thomas l)'EI1II'(;,lI1ont 1..135373 J oh II V. oOI'a 1..23590 Joscph R. DOI·(·hak L12029 Fr'cd A. Driscoll , Jr'. HL2976* ChaJ·lc8 T. Dye, Jr. L1490 Eagle Air, Inc. L27i34 Calvin B. Early, M.D . 1·11..1797" Dean S. Edmonds, Jr'. Ll 7185 Georgf' P. Edmonds, Jr. LJ 2076 KelUlCth F. Edwards L15143 Joseph P. Egcl' L25523 Donald E. Emch L1951 James El'dman L13028 Rober'l U. Ericksen L19850 Bicha rd For'tier 1..25993 Sturtley Fortier l A472 Dun & Gayle Frccmun L1607'1 Dllvid Garrison L25838 Frank A, Gf'ih 1..3471 Charles R . Cibbs HL6317* Dean K. Gibson L24253 Gel'ald E. Ciddens L10208 Joe W. Gillespie Ll4182 Robe.·, Goff L23620 J Il IllCS & Marjorie Connan 1..363 R. A. Graham, M.D. 1..21003 Helmut Huagmann L24174 Russell W.Haekler, D.V.M. L9009 Hal'l'Y C. Iladier T-IL1487* Ha lllh & Belly Hues]oop HL1l5* William Hale L5865 Hex A. Han L19455 D. E. Hanse n, M.E . . L26065 Richa rd E. [[anson L18973 II. A. Harlow Ll0238 Stanley E. HalT]'" L2629 Em st L. Haupt L15374 Bill Hegmann L20593 J effl'ey A. Henshaw 1..17570 Pete I' Hen '. 1.27257 Dennis S. Heusser L26776 William E. Hicks L7508 Barrie C. IDei'll, Sr. , M.D. L1632 Richard M, Hilliker L22745 Thomas J . Hinkley L19152 ~titehell L. l'loggard Ll8503 Jake Holmes L19303 William R. 1-loIt L1l693 F. Lee 1I0nl, M.D. L21169 Jdf"ey C. lIube,', D.D. S. L25748 J ohn IIuffakel' L7788 Charles Huuler' L21425 J ohn M. Hunter 128540 Douglas Ai. James L23534 Samuel D. Jumes KL213* Charles Jinks L14184 Gel'ald J ohnson 1..25538 F. E. Knapp, Jr. L643 Keitll Knowlton 1.,23754 Cl'uig W . Knox 1..24445 Edward C. Kole L9422 GCl'Uld J . Ku chera 1..10523 Dr. Cuentcl' Kuhhnl.llUl L25212 Kuper Enl('r'prises L26131 H. T. Landry. Jr .. M.D. HLl449* Ch listophel' Larson, )1 .D. L22675 .lim LUI'son 1.21754 Lee Lal'son II L1325 1 * Paul Le.adllhl'and 1...254-15 Hay L. Leadahrand 1A722 Thomas C. Legg L1988l Peter Lel'ch 1..23781 Wah Lesline L18837 Tom Lightsey L21636 Frederick W. Long: L2872 I Hobert D. Lovelace L1l61O Rober, Lowell LI2030 J ohn F. Luhhen, 1[1 L20729 ChN Malinowski L24660 M.arshall V. MarchJJ 111ks L20902 Gorflon A. Marker L26612 Houston J. Marks L] 1241 Thomas A. Martin, L25418 David Maltos L21885 Jose ph A McClain III flL860* B. J. McClanaha n, M.D. IIL1* John McComas 1...22643 HusseU A. McDonaJd 1..8573 Richanl n. McFal'land 1..2180 John T . Mc Farialle, M.D. L6158 l\'laurice H. 1\-1iller 1..21448 Phil Mitchell L24008 DonaJd L. Momll.lY HL9904* Dave Monti L18740 John B. ~1urphrey 1..17940 C. Rogel' Murray L13114 Don Nelms L18036 Lynn H . NeLsen LIM 7 WaJter B. Nelson L27925 B .. E. Pal·cell. 11'. L11513 H. L. Pa I·kcr 1.25228 J effrey Par·kel' L28453 Murray S. Patkin L16320 Hober·t P('ters 1.6803 George J. Phocas 1..20306 Jolm Pi.xton HL2819* Jack J. Pizzolato L3464 Klaus Pohlscru'oder' LI6005 Sydney W. Poland LJ51 16 Lar'ry Pomeroy 1..22811 Douglas P. Rearick LJ9613 John Reed L21354 John S. Riley L22271 fiusseU W. Rink HIA* I-Ians Ho('bhf'len LA088 Char'lcs n. Roland . M.D. L2729 Frank G. Hoss 1IL386* R. D. Rupert l.24857 Gerald C. Sappel'stein 1..21322 Dwayne L, Sargent L21943 Mark P . ScbaIel' L%59 Hem'y Schlossbpl'g HL2* fr'cd W. Scott , Jr. L2219 Terry Se('no LalOR Fred Shellhorn L28577 Jolm M. Sherwin. MD lA665 SI:1ll1ey Shipper L21720 C. Alan Slagle, D .O. LI7156 Thomas E. Slayh:.u:k L16169 David L. Smith L9835 Cliff R. Sones L29623 Jolm Soske 1,5309 Josef Stone L2122 Stanley L. Taylor LI6412 Raybourne Thorllpson L13569 J ack ~1 . Threadgill Ll4419 Dan Unluhart L7992 William S. Warn:n,Jr., M.D. 1..23734 Gcorge P. Watcr s L22889 Charles H. Watson , Jr. LI 8 148 Murray W, Weiss L9476 Lane Weitzman L1 7339 Kenneth H. West 1A659 Gene L. Whitington L3670 Cal'l M. WiLliams L25916 Jack J . Williams L23831 Glenn Wimbish L27215 J a mes E. Young L27186 * J-I Oi\QH1\ln LIrE MEl\lBER j
o I was NO ONE IS IMMUNE TO HYPOXIA in Orlando recently for an American Bonanza Society Pilot Proficiency Program. While there, r met a pilot who mentioned in casual conversation how difficult his approach into Orlando had been the night before after a long cross-country flight from his home airport. He spoke of poor judgment and the difficulty he had reading his flight instruments. He mused, "Am I getting too old to ny?" As it turned out, he had flown his Bonanza nonstop 770 NM with not much help from the wind. The duration of that night had been five hours with a cruising altitude of 11,000 feet. r asked him if he had used supplemental oxygen en route. He said, "FAR 91.211 did not require the use of supplemental oxygen below 12,500 feet." As I later thought about that conversation, it became apparent to me that this Bonanza pilot probably had experienced hypoxia. With that in mind, let's take a serious look at what the medics call hypoxia. Oxygen is essential to human life. W/e cannot Jjve without it. Total lack of oxygen is fatal. Partial lack of oxygen is treacherous. Partial lack of oxygen is what the medics call hypoxia. Hypoxia is an insidious hazard as we climb into the aunosphere. Its onset is without pain or other warning symptoms. To grasp what hypoxia is all about, one needs to review basic gas laws and atmosphere components and pressures. As we breathe in air, Gmham's Law tells us that if o)",),gen partial pressure is high enough, oxygen will pass inward through the lung membrane by the process of diffusion. As the oxygen diffuses through tlle lung membrane, it combines with hemoglobin and results in bright red arterial blood. The blood cells are saturated with oxygen at sea level. AB oxygen partial pressure rolls off as we ascend, oxygen sanlr-ation drops. As oxygen saturation drops, hypoxia begins its stealthy intrUsion into pilot perfonnance. The atmosphere (air) is a mixture of gases. Of these, nitrogen and oxygen are the most abundant. If we ignore the rare gases, air is a m ixture of 80 percent nitrogen and 20 percent oxygen. Dalton's L'lW states that total air pressure is the slim of nitrogen and oxygen partial pressures. As total air pressure de- By Bob Ericksen, ABS L19850 cays with altitude, !3oyle's Law lells us that less gas will occupy a cubic inch. At sea level, total air pressure is about30"Hg; at 10, 000 feet total air pressure is about 20" Hg; and at 18,000 feel, total air pressure is about 15" Hg. At sea level, oxygen panial pressure is about 6 " Hg; at 10,000 feet, oxygen partial pressure is about 4" Hg; and at 18,000 feet, oxygen partial pressure is about 3 " Hg. As oxygen partial pressure drops below 5" Hg, around 5,000 feet or so, hypoxia begins its indifferent stage. Night vision begins to deteriorate. As oxygen partial pressure drops below 4" Hg, around 10,000 feet or so, hypoxia begins its compensato/y stage. It reaUy becomes serious. Visual acuity continues to decay and coordination and judgment are impaired. There is no pain or discomfort associated with this stage. As oxygen partial pressure drops below 3" Hg, around 18,000 feet or so, hypoxia begins its disturbance stage. By then, you have little incentive to take corrective action. Everything seems to be just fine. Time of useful consciousness drops to about 20 minutes. Some pilots feel that they Cdn go higher becallse they have acclimated to life in Denver or Aspen. To some degree, that is tnle. Depending on pilot health, such acclimation can add 1,000 to 2,000 feet to the above altitudes. However, under no circumstance is the tolerance raised by the height of home base, i.e., Denver (5,500 feet) or Aspen (7,500 feet). For a lot of us, altitude tolerance is reduced by Our life style. As an example, alcohol acts as a toxin. One ounce of alcohol can reduce your altitude tolerance by 2,000 feet. And hemoglobin has a great affinity for carbon monoxide. Smoking can reduce your altitude tolerance by anotl,er 2,000 to 3,000 feel. \Vhile we are on altitude tolerance, don't forgel that a minor exhaust leak can cause carbon monoxide levels to rise dramatically. Consider sticking a fresh carbon monoxide detector on your instrument panel evety Lhree months or so. They are available at auto stores and FBO's. The cost? Two to three (continued on page 32(9) AMERICAN BONANZA SOCIETY, APRIL 1993 PAGE 3204
Page 2 and 3: I IN THIS ISSUE I COVER. Spirit of
Page 4 and 5: BONANZA OF THE MONTH ; Round-the-Wo
Page 6 and 7: I Q I M35 oil filter. My corporalio
Page 8 and 9: gravity near the forward limit. To
Page 12 and 13: How to buy a used bird By George Wi
Page 14 and 15: Thanks for Orlando BPPP. [ just wan
Page 16 and 17: them up for bench testing. They che
Page 18 and 19: Replacement value? Consult d1e Blue
Page 20: APRIL 16-18 · Bonanza Pilot Profic

April 1993 - American Bonanza Society

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