Halina Kwaśnicka ALGORYTMY GENETYCZNE W UCZENIU SIĘ ...

GRVWSQ\ PR*QD JR ]QDOH(ü SRG DGUHVHP KWWSZZZGLXQLWRLW OXE MDNR
DQRQLPRZ\ X*\WNRZQLN IWS SLDQHWDGLXQLWRLW NDUWRWHND SXE0/SURJ 1DGDMH VL
GR ]DGD LQGXNFML SRMü QD SRGVWDZLH SU]\NáDGyZ GDQH V GZD ]ELRU\ E(h) i C(h)
RGSRZLHGQLR SR]\W\ZQ\FK L QHJDW\ZQ\FK SU]\NáDGyZ h QDOH*\ ]QDOH(ü UHJXá
NWyUD REHMPXMH FDá\ ]ELyU E(h L MHGQRF]HQLH QLH REHMPXMH ]ELRUX C(h) (przy
]DNáyFHQLDFK RVWDWQL ZDUXQHN PR*H E\ü OX(QLHMV]\ >@
5(*$/ MHVW WR V\VWHP Z\NRU]\VWXMF\ GA G]LDáDMF\ Z URGRZLVNX
UR]SURV]RQ\P Z]á\ SRáF]RQH V Z KLSHUNRVWN -HJR M]\N ]DZLHUD IRUPXá\ Z
ORJLFH SLHUZV]HJR U]GX ]EXGRZDQH ] NRQLXQNFML G\VMXQNFML QHJDFML L ;25
]DZLHUD NZDQW\ILNDWRU V]F]HJyáRZ\ L RJyOQ\
: 5(*$/X ]DLPSOHPHQWRZDQR SLü RSHUDWRUyZ JHQHW\F]Q\FK GZX
SXQNWRZH L SRMHG\QF]H NU]\*RZDQLH ]DSURMHNWRZDQH VSHFMDOQLH Z W\P FHOX
NU]\*RZDQLH VSHFMDOL]XMFH L XRJyOQLDMFH RUD] RSHUDWRU ]DURGNRZ\ DQJ seeding
operator SLHUZRWQLH VWRVRZDQ\ GR WZRU]HQLD SRSXODFML SRF]WNRZHM Z VSRVyE
]DSHZQLDMF\ UR]SRF]\QDQLH SUDF\ ]H ]ELRUHP IRUPXá ] NWyU\FK ND*GD REHMPXMH
SU]\QDMPQLHM MHGQR SRMFLH GA PD ZáF]RQ\ PHFKDQL]P IXQNFML ZVSyáXG]LDáX 1
(sharing functions >@ DE\ XPR*OLZLü WZRU]HQLH VL L XWU]\P\ZDQLH GHPyZ
VNXSLRQ\FK ZRNyá Uy*Q\FK RSWLPyZ ORNDOQ\FK 6\VWHP XPR*OLZLD XF]HQLH VL
DOWHUQDW\ZQ\FK SRMü WR MHVW UHJXá Z NWyU\FK SU]HVáDQNL PRJ E\ü DOWHUQDW\ZQ\PL
RSLVDPL W\FK VDP\FK SRMü REHMPXMF\PL Uy*QH SU]HVWU]HQLH SU]\NáDGyZ 5HJXáD
RSLV SRMFLD PR*H PLHü ]DWHP SRVWDü
ϕ 1 ∪ ϕ 2
gdzie ϕ i MHVW IRUPXá Z M]\NX ORJLNL SLHUZV]HJR U]GX RSLVXMF SHZQ
SRGSU]HVWU]H SU]\NáDGyZ :V]\VWNLH REHMPRZDQH SU]H] UHJXá SU]\NáDG\
SRZLQQ\ QDOH*Hü GR SRG]ELRUX SR]\W\ZQ\FK SU]\NáDGyZ ] FLJX XF]FHJR UHJXáD
QLH SRZLQQD SRNU\ZDü *DGQHJR QHJDW\ZQHJR SU]\NáDGX
*HQHURZDQLH WDNLFK UHJXá MHVW ]DGDQLHP GRü WUXGQ\P ]ZáDV]F]D JG\ QLHNWyUH
VNáDGQLNL V QLHOLF]QLH UHSUH]HQWRZDQH Z FLJX XF]F\P 7ZyUF\ WDNLFK
DOJRU\WPyZ MDN ,' & $4 XZD*DM *H PR*QD XF]\ü MHGQHM DOWHUQDW\Z\ Z
GDQ\P PRPHQFLH F]DVX :LDGRPR MHGQDN *H GA VWRVXMF QLV]H 2 SRWUDIL XF]\ü
ZV]\VWNLFK DOWHUQDW\Z MHGQRF]HQLH :\NRQDQR ZLHOH SUyE ] ]DVWRVRZDQLHP
VHOHNFML PHWRG FLVNX DQJ crowding factor MDN L IXQNFML ZVSyáXG]LDáX :\QLNL
FKRü QLHZ\VWDUF]DMFH V QD W\OH RELHFXMFH *H SUDFH WH V QDGDO UR]ZLMDQH
: >@ ]DSURSRQRZDQR QRZ SRVWDü IXQNFML ZVSyáXG]LDáX NWyUD Z ]DPLHU]HQLX
∪ ... ∪ ϕm ⇒ h , (3)
1 )XQNFMD ZVSyáXG]LDáX SROHJD QD W\P E\ RVREQLNL ]DMPXMFH GDQ\ V]F]\W SU]\VWRVRZDZF]\ G]LHOLá\ PLG]\
VLHELH ]\VN SU]\VWRVRZDZF]\ 3R]ZDOD WR QD XNV]WDáWRZDQLH VL SRSXODFML QD ORNDOQ\FK V]F]\WDFK ] ]DFKRZDQLHP
SURSRUFML OLF]E\ RVREQLNyZ QD SRV]F]HJyOQ\FK V]F]\WDFK GR Z\VRNRFL W\FK V]F]\WyZ >@
2 „1LV]D´ MHVW SRMFLHP ]DF]HUSQLW\P ] ELRORJLL QLV]D HNRORJLF]QD MHVW SR]\FM SRSXODFML GDQHJR JDWXQNX Z
biocenozie. Problem nisz w GA polega na stosowaniu takich operatorów genetycznych i metod selekcji, które
XPR*OLZL XWU]\P\ZDQLH VL RVREQLNyZ SRSXODFML QD ORNDOQ\FK RSWLPDFK >@