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Negative Skin Friction Downdrag

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FUNDAMENTAL QUESTION #1:<br />

WHAT IS NEGATIVE SKIN FRICTION<br />

(a.k.a. DOWNDRAG or DRAGLOAD)?<br />

Downward load at pile top<br />

resisted by upward (pos.)<br />

skin friction in soil layers and<br />

end bearing at the pile toe<br />

- USUALLY --..<br />

But, what if the soil moves<br />

DOWNWARD with respect to<br />

the pile???

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