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Many Factors Affect <strong>Color</strong> Quality – In the Transmitter • Transmitter differential gain and phase • Transmitter group delay response • (Neither is addressed in this presentation) 22
Many Factors Affect <strong>Color</strong> Quality • Stability of receivers - In Receivers • Lack of coordinated chroma and contrast controls (as a “Picture” control) in early receivers • Lack of full DC restoration in all but the earliest generation receivers • Low contrast capability in early receivers except in darkened rooms due to relatively high-reflectance screens. (The earlier picture tubes could have some internal contrast and purity reduction due to scattered electrons as well) • Receiver phase/group delay distortions • Other distortions peculiar to individual circuit designs 23
Page 1 and 2: Viewing 1950s Color Over 50 Years L
Page 3 and 4: Introduction - Motivation • Discu
Page 5 and 6: Many Factors Affect Color Quality -
Page 21: Many Factors Affect Color Quality -
Page 25 and 26: Order of Presentation for Factors S
Page 27 and 28: 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1
Page 29 and 30: Visual Display of Effects • Image
Page 31 and 32: Test Colors - Assorted (Spectrum is
Page 33 and 34: Receiver Effects 33
Page 35 and 36: Effects of Receiver White Point and
Page 39 and 40: Simulating Effects of Receiver Whit
Page 41 and 42: Simulating Effects of Receiver Whit
Page 43 and 44: Original 43
Page 45 and 46: Parker’s Primaries and 9300K + 27
Page 65 and 66: Parker’s Matrix vs. Higher-Satura
Page 73 and 74:
Parker’s Primaries and 9300K + 27
Page 75 and 76:
Vegetable Market - Parker’s Prima
Page 77 and 78:
Vegetable Market - Parker’s Matri
Page 79 and 80:
Vegetable Market - High Gain Matrix
Page 81 and 82:
For the Remainder of this Presentat
Page 83 and 84:
Image Orthicon Color Cameras L. UV-
Page 85 and 86:
Gamma Correction and Noise 85
Page 87 and 88:
Problems with Gamma Correction •
Page 89 and 90:
TK-41 Gamma Correction - Highlight
Page 91 and 92:
TK-41 Gamma Correction • The comb
Page 93 and 94:
Cascaded Gamma Correction Stages WI
Page 95 and 96:
TK-41 - Gamma Corrector OFF Linear
Page 97 and 98:
TK-41 - Highlight Compression, Nois
Page 99 and 100:
TK-41 - Highlight Compression, Gain
Page 101 and 102:
Original Original 101
Page 103 and 104:
Page 105 and 106:
TK-41 - Improved Image Orthicon - L
Page 107 and 108:
Higher-Gain Gamma Correction - 31 d
Page 109 and 110:
Page 111 and 112:
Histograms Generation of Noise in P
Page 113 and 114:
Histograms 0 1 2 0 1 2 0 1 2 11-Ste
Page 115 and 116:
Assumptions for Color Analysis •
Page 117 and 118:
Sources of Camera and System Data
Page 119 and 120:
Test Colors - Gretag-Macbeth Chart
Page 121 and 122:
“Taking Characteristics” for Gi
Page 123 and 124:
Display Primaries - NTSC 0.9 0.8 0.
Page 125 and 126:
Taking Characteristics - NTSC • T
Page 127 and 128:
RCA Trinoscope #1 127
Page 129 and 130:
Mitsubishi Trinescope 1964 New York
Page 131 and 132:
Taking Characteristics - Trinoscope
Page 133 and 134:
Taking Characteristics - Reduced Ga
Page 135 and 136:
Taking Characteristics - sRGB sRGB
Page 137 and 138:
Calculations • All measured and s
Page 139 and 140:
Calculations • Displayed color fo
Page 141 and 142:
Possible Improvements via Linear Ma
Page 143 and 144:
Camera Taking Characteristics • C
Page 145 and 146:
1949 Cameras • Camera used in Oct
Page 147 and 148:
November 1949 taking characteristic
Page 149 and 150:
October 1949 taking characteristics
Page 151 and 152:
March 1953 Cameras • Four cameras
Page 153 and 154:
140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 -20 -40 -
Page 155 and 156:
March 1953 Camera No. 3 Taking Char
Page 157 and 158:
Prism Camera Taking Characteristics
Page 159 and 160:
Prism Measurements As Provided, wit
Page 161 and 162:
Tracing of Image Orthicon Spectral
Page 163 and 164:
Stage-by-Stage Analysis 163
Page 165 and 166:
Tracing of Widdop’s Blue Mirror T
Page 167 and 168:
Red Channel BLUE DICHROIC TRIM FILT
Page 169 and 170:
Red Channel Trimming Filters Red Ch
Page 171 and 172:
Red Channel Optics Plus Image Orthi
Page 173 and 174:
Green Channel TRIM FILTER BLUE DICH
Page 175 and 176:
Green Channel Dichroic Mirrors Plus
Page 177 and 178:
Blue Channel Using Widdop’s Mirro
Page 179 and 180:
Blue Channel Dichroic Mirror Blue C
Page 181 and 182:
Blue Channel Optics Plus Image Orth
Page 183 and 184:
Over-All Results with Widdop’s Mi
Page 185 and 186:
Over-All Results with Crossed Widdo
Page 187 and 188:
October 1949 camera 187
Page 189 and 190:
October 1949 camera CAUTION - Lumin
Page 191 and 192:
November 1949 camera 0.9 y November
Page 193 and 194:
March 1953 no.2 camera 193
Page 195 and 196:
March 1953 no.2 camera NORMAL VIEWE
Page 197 and 198:
March 1953 no.3 camera 0.9 0.8 0.7
Page 199 and 200:
Prism camera 199
Page 201 and 202:
Prism camera NORMAL VIEWER VARIATIO
Page 203 and 204:
Linear Luminance Curves • Each sl
Page 205 and 206:
November 1949 linear luma November
Page 207 and 208:
March 1953 no.3 linear luma 3/20/53
Page 209 and 210:
Results for Experimental and Hypoth
Page 211 and 212:
March 1953 Camera No. 2 with Trinos
Page 213 and 214:
March 1953 Camera No. 2 with Reduce
Page 215 and 216:
March 1953 Camera No. 2 with Reduce
Page 217 and 218:
Comments on Reduced-Gamut Display
Page 219 and 220:
Photoshop Adjustments to Approximat
Page 221 and 222:
Veggie Market As Seen by 10/49 Came
Page 223 and 224:
Effect of Incandescent Lighting Inc
Page 225 and 226:
Analysis of Illuminant Effects •
Page 227 and 228:
Analysis of Illuminant Effects •
Page 229 and 230:
NTSC Taking Curves Multiplied by IL
Page 231 and 232:
Prism Camera Taking Curves Multipli
Page 233 and 234:
Mar 53 #3 Camera Multiplied by IL C
Page 235 and 236:
Mar 53 #3 Camera, Illuminant, and G
Page 237 and 238:
Mar 53 #3 Camera, Illuminant, and R
Page 239 and 240:
March 1953 Camera No.3 Under Illumi
Page 241 and 242:
Page 243 and 244:
Page 245 and 246:
Page 247 and 248:
Prism Camera Under Illuminants C an
Page 249 and 250:
Prism Camera Under Illuminants C an
Page 251 and 252:
Prism Camera Under Illuminant C Wit
Page 253 and 254:
Prism Camera Under Illuminant C 253
Page 255 and 256:
Prism Camera Under Illuminant C NOR
Page 257 and 258:
Veggie Market as seen by Prism came
Page 259 and 260:
Conclusions • Computerized calcul
Page 261 and 262:
Conclusions • Color distortions c
Page 263 and 264:
Thank You 263
Page 265 and 266:
References [Ref01] Jay Adrick, priv
Page 267:
References Note: [Ref29 -Ref36] can
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