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On improving efficiency of model checking through systematically ...

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transformation procedure indeed takes over one part <strong>of</strong> the verification that<br />

should be done automatically.<br />

The risk <strong>of</strong> missing cases increases when the system grows in the sense<br />

that it contains more locations, transitions, and especially parallel processes.<br />

A tool to take over this complicated procedure would help to avoid the errorprone<br />

manual transformation. However, we did not pursue the development<br />

<strong>of</strong> such a tool.<br />

2.4 Summary<br />

In this chapter we have introduced the specification language to <strong>model</strong> an<br />

input system for Nbac. Nbac input format is a low-level formal that specifies<br />

dataflow equations on Boolean and integer variables.<br />

There are three ways to obtain an Nbac input <strong>model</strong>: create the <strong>model</strong><br />

directly in Nbac input language, transform manually from an XTG <strong>model</strong>,<br />

and transform automatically from a Lustre program. We explained the<br />

framework to construct an Nbac input <strong>model</strong> from an XTG <strong>model</strong> using the<br />

Fischer’s protocol example as an illustration. Although the <strong>model</strong> <strong>of</strong> Fischer’s<br />

protocol is simple, the manual construction procedure still requires a<br />

large amount <strong>of</strong> work.<br />

We found that the aforementioned manual procedure to contruct an Nbac<br />

input <strong>model</strong> is an error-prone procedure. For example, in a system with a<br />

significant number <strong>of</strong> parallel processes, it is very likely that we will overlook<br />

a few cases. A tool to take over this part which has not yet been developed<br />

at the moment is indispensable.<br />

In the next chapter, we move to an important part <strong>of</strong> our project: develop<br />

a tool serving as a bridge to connect Nbac and PMC/Uppaal.<br />

19

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