Important Plant Areas of the south and east Mediterranean ... - IUCN

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14 SECTION 2 IPAs in the south and east Mediterranean region Important Plant Areas of the south and east Mediterranean region. Priority sites for conservation Grazing in the cork forest surrounding Majen Choucha IPA © Z. Ghrabi- Gammar The next step of analysing species endemism on these IPAs should include an assessment of the numbers of restricted range species (less than 5000km 2 in range) present on each site. This will be possible using the list of restricted range species created during this project (see section 04) and will help will further prioritise sites by focusing on those containing species with limited distributions regardless of whether they are present in one or more countries. Restricted range species are potentially in greater need of conservation attention and multi-country restricted range species can be overlooked in national prioritisation exercises. These restricted range species could also become priorities for Red List assessment. Threats “Agricultural intensification through overgrazing of pastoral lands is the most significant threat to the IPAs identified in this project, affecting 67% of the sites analysed” Agricultural intensification through overgrazing of pastoral lands is the most significant threat to the IPAs identified in this project, affecting 67% of the sites analysed. Deforestation (largely due to collecting firewood), tourism development, intensification of arable farming and unsustainable collection of plants, affects over one third of the IPAs analysed. Unsustainable collection of medicinal and aromatic plants (supporting livelihoods) is of great concern in Syria (affecting 91% of Syrian IPAs) and Palestine. The threat of over collection may provide a conservation opportunity in terms of using plant conservation to secure livelihoods and assist development. Threats posed by climate change are notable for IPAs in Morocco, Lebanon and Tunisia, Morocco and Lebanon have a high number of high altitude sites and Tunisia’s sites are predominately isolated wetlands in all cases increased temperatures resulting from climate warming leave the plants with nowhere to retreat. No IPAs have no threats recorded.
Important Plant Areas of the south and east Mediterranean region. Priority sites for conservation IPAs in the south and east Mediterranean region SECTION 2 15 Nº of IPAs The importance of the threat of overgrazing contrasts with the analysis 100 of threats to ‘key biodiversity areas’ in the Mediterranean, that have been 90 identified largely using other taxa (birds, fish, reptiles and amphibians). The 80 primary threat to these key biodiversity areas was identified as infrastructure 70 and residential development (rather than for tourism per se), followed by 60 increasing pressure on water resources, agricultural intensification and land 50 abandonment (Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund, 2010). This illustrates 40 the 30 importance of considering all taxonomic groups when assessing threats to 20biodiversity. Habitat loss and degradation, (due to agricultural, urban, tourism, 10 transportation and industrial/commercial (including mining/energy) development 0 driven by increasing population and affluence is cited by IUCN as the greatest threat to species in the Mediterranean Basin (Cuttelod et al. 2008). [Fig. 2] Top ten threats affecting 147 IPAs in the project countries IPAs analysed: Eight of the 45 IPAs in Albania, 7 of the 15 IPAs in Israel and all IPAs in remaining countries. Figures for Libya and Jordan unavailable. Agricultural intensification (grazing) Forestry: deforestation (inc. firewood) Development (tourism) Agricultural intensification (arable) Unsustainable Plant Exploitation Climage change Development (urbanisation) Natural events (flood, fire, draught) Extraction (minerals) Habitat fragmentation Diplotaxis siettiana © C. Moreno Nº of IPAs 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 Burning of vegetation (fires) Water (extraction / drainage) Development (infrastructure) Other Development (industry) Eutrophication Invasive species (plant) Aquaculture / fisheries Construction (dyke, dam, barrier) [Fig. 3] Other threats affecting 147 IPAs in the project countries IPAs analysed: Eight of the 45 IPAs in Albania, 7 of the 15 IPAs in Israel and all IPAs in remaining countries. Figures for Libya and Jordan unavailable.
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SECTION 1 107 Donors Coordinators
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Important Plant Areas of the south and east Mediterranean ... - IUCN

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