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<strong>Edith</strong> Hamilton’s <strong>Mythology</strong><br />
The Twelve Olympians<br />
Zeus/Jupiter<br />
God of Gods<br />
• Eagle, thunderbolts<br />
• Son of Cronus and Rhea; brother of Hades+Poseidon<br />
• Wrathful, lustful, not “all-knowing”<br />
• Married to Hera, ungodly marital behavior<br />
• Many children mostly out of wedlock<br />
Hades/Dis<br />
God of the Underworld<br />
• dark bearded, crown,<br />
scepter, key, helmet<br />
of invisibility, chariot<br />
• Rarely y worshipped pp<br />
• Son of Cronus &<br />
Rhea; brother of<br />
Zeus+Poseidon (drew<br />
the short straw)<br />
• Cerberus<br />
The Twelve Olympians<br />
Greek/Roman Names<br />
Zeus/Jupiter<br />
Poseidon/Neptune<br />
Hera/Juno<br />
Hades/Dis<br />
Hestia/Vesta<br />
Ares/Mars<br />
Athena/Minerva<br />
Hermes/Mercury<br />
Apollo/Phoebus Apollo<br />
Artemis/Diana<br />
Hephaestus/Vulcan<br />
Aphrodite/Venus<br />
Poseidon/Neptune<br />
God of the Sea<br />
• Trident<br />
• Brother of<br />
Zeus+Hades<br />
• Powerful, secretive<br />
• Son of Cronus &<br />
Rhea<br />
• Vengeful, usually<br />
argumentative with<br />
other gods<br />
Hera/Juno<br />
Goddess of Marriage<br />
Protector of Married Women<br />
• Peacock, cow, pomegranate<br />
• Powerful, bold, jealous<br />
• Daughter of Cronus & Rhea<br />
• Wife and sister of Zeus<br />
• Avenged infidelity often<br />
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Hestia/Vesta<br />
Goddess of Home and Hearth<br />
• Hearth fire<br />
• Good-natured, loving<br />
• Does not appear in myths at all…symbolic herself<br />
• Daughter of Cronus & Rhea<br />
• Seven Vestal Virgins oversee her fire<br />
Athena/Minerva<br />
Goddess of the City, Wisdom, Handicrafts,<br />
War & Agriculture<br />
• Owl, olive<br />
• Wise, even-tempered,<br />
fierce in battle<br />
• Daughter of Zeus &<br />
Metis<br />
• Sprung from Zeus’<br />
skull fully armed<br />
Apollo<br />
God of Light & Purity<br />
• Mouse, sun dial, lyre<br />
• Cheerful, sometimes jealous<br />
• Son of Zeus and Leto<br />
• Perpetually young, handsome, wise<br />
• Teaches moderation<br />
• Spear, vulture, dog<br />
• Boastful, loud, cruel<br />
• Son of Zeus and Hera<br />
• Terrorized mortals<br />
Ares/Mars<br />
God of War<br />
•4 horses: Terror,<br />
Fire, Flame, Trouble<br />
•Relatives:<br />
Deimos(fear),<br />
Phobos(terror),<br />
Eris(discord)<br />
Hermes/Mercury<br />
God of Travelers, Thieves & Shepherds<br />
• Winged sandals and hat, caduceus<br />
• Witty, happy, clever, friendly, helpful<br />
• Son of Zeus & Maia<br />
• Chief messenger, not the most honest god<br />
Artemis/Diana<br />
Goddess of the Hunt & Moon<br />
• Cypress tree, wild<br />
animals, deer<br />
• Aloof, majestic,<br />
nature-loving, quick to<br />
anger anger, athletic<br />
• Daughter of Zeus &<br />
Leto<br />
• Twin of Apollo<br />
• Skilled archer, lived<br />
among virgin nymphs<br />
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Hephaestus/Vulcan<br />
God of Fire & Forge<br />
• Fire, quail<br />
• Modest, helpful,<br />
prone to laughter<br />
• Son of Zeus & Hera<br />
• Ugly and lame<br />
• Helped by Cyclopes<br />
in underground forges<br />
• Taught men to use<br />
fire<br />
<strong>Edith</strong> Hamilton’s <strong>Mythology</strong><br />
Assorted Myths<br />
Narcissus<br />
nar SISS uss<br />
• Hera’s sentence of silence for Echo the nymph<br />
• Narcissus is vain, Echo loved him<br />
• “Is anyone here?” “Here, here!”<br />
• Echo ignored by Narcissus faded to only a voice<br />
• Finally saw himself and died looking at it<br />
Aphrodite/Venus<br />
Goddess of Love<br />
• Dove, rose, apple<br />
• Seductive, irresistible, sometimes treacherous<br />
• The foam-risen goddess<br />
• Hephaestus won her hand, not heart, she’s in<br />
love with Ares<br />
• Led Paris to Helen<br />
• Perpetual<br />
punishment for<br />
offending the<br />
gods<br />
Glaucus & Scylla<br />
• Fisherman falls in<br />
love with woman<br />
• She tricks him and<br />
turns into a massive<br />
sea-monster<br />
Sisyphus<br />
SIS-uh-fuss<br />
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Athena and Arachne<br />
a THEE nah and a RAK nee<br />
Oedipus<br />
ED-i-puss<br />
• Athena challenged<br />
Arachne<br />
• Arachne’s weaving<br />
was better<br />
• She hung herself after<br />
being beaten<br />
• Athena turned her<br />
into a spider<br />
• Removed his own eyes<br />
after realizing he married<br />
his mother and killed his<br />
father father.<br />
Prometheus<br />
pro ME thee us<br />
• Kind, clever, longsuffering<br />
• An original Titan<br />
• Benefactor of<br />
MMankind ki d<br />
• stole fire from Zeus<br />
and gave it to the<br />
primitive mortals<br />
• Punished for<br />
thousands of years<br />
Pyramus and Thisbe<br />
PEER ah muss and THIZ bee<br />
• Fairest and Handsomest<br />
in Babylonia<br />
• Forbidden love<br />
• Plan to meet at Tomb of<br />
Ninus<br />
• Thisbe’s cape soiled with<br />
blood by a lioness<br />
• Pyramus stabbed himself<br />
over her assumed death<br />
• Thisbe returned to him<br />
and stabbed herself also<br />
• Insults his family<br />
and is blinded<br />
• Has to travel to see<br />
the Eastern Sun to<br />
regain his sight<br />
• Lovers separated<br />
• Alcyone dies at sea<br />
and washes up on<br />
shore<br />
• Ceyx and he turn to<br />
birds and live on<br />
together<br />
Orion<br />
oh-RY-on<br />
Ceyx & Alcyone<br />
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Phaeton<br />
FAY tohn<br />
• Childish son of Apollo<br />
(Helios)<br />
• Proof of parentage<br />
• Wish granted to fly<br />
the chariot<br />
• Out of control flight<br />
• Zeus puts an end to it<br />
Icarus and Daedalus<br />
ICK ar uss and DAY dah luss<br />
• Jealous of his nephew<br />
Talus, killed him and<br />
moved to Crete<br />
• King Minos’ wife fell in<br />
love and had a child with<br />
a bbull ll (Mi (Minotaur) t )<br />
• Daedalus built the<br />
labyrinth and a way to<br />
escape<br />
• Warnings of high and low<br />
flying to Icarus<br />
• Melting wax, falling Icarus<br />
Pyrrah and Deucalion<br />
PEER ah and doo CAL yon<br />
• The Greek Noah, son of<br />
Prometheus (who warned<br />
him)<br />
• Zeus floods Earth<br />
• Ran aground on<br />
Parnassus<br />
• Loneliness in a cave<br />
(Delphi Oracle)<br />
• “Throw the bones of your<br />
mother over your<br />
shoulders.”<br />
• Rocks turn to people<br />
• Parents of Pandora<br />
Baucis and Philemon<br />
BA kiss and FILL ah min<br />
• Zeus & son Hermes<br />
• Test of Hospitality<br />
• Ever-full wine bowl<br />
• Flood<br />
• Hut to Temple<br />
• Oak and Linden trees<br />
• Aegeus buried sandals<br />
and sword under heavy<br />
rock<br />
• Theseus lifted it at 16 yrs.<br />
• Slayed the Minotaur<br />
(labyrinth) for Minos<br />
• Ariadne loved Theseus<br />
and asked Daedalus for<br />
help (thread idea)<br />
• Returning to Aegeus,<br />
wrong sails displayed<br />
Theseus<br />
THEE see us<br />
Orpheus & Eurydice<br />
• Fall in love, bitten<br />
by snake then<br />
Orpheus visits<br />
the underworld<br />
• He disobeys and<br />
turns around and<br />
she dissapears<br />
forever<br />
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Demeter and Persephone<br />
• Demeter goddess of<br />
Agriculture<br />
• Loving but moody<br />
• Daughter Persephone<br />
kidnapped by Hades<br />
• Neglect of the Earth<br />
• Pomegranate seeds<br />
• Spring vs. Winter<br />
Apollo and Daphne<br />
ah PAWL oh and DAF nee<br />
• Apollo taunted Eros<br />
• One arrow of gold<br />
one of lead<br />
• Pursuit and plea for<br />
help<br />
• Laurel tree<br />
transformation<br />
• Vow of fidelity<br />
Pygmalion and Galatea<br />
pig MAIL yon and gal ah TAY ah<br />
• King of Cyprus<br />
• Sculpted a woman<br />
• Prayed to Aphrodite<br />
• Live statue<br />
• Love and marriage<br />
Perseus<br />
PER see uss<br />
• King Acresias and Danae<br />
• Polydectes loved Danae,<br />
Perseus protects by offering<br />
Medusa’s head<br />
• Athena’s shield, nymph’s<br />
invisibility helmet, winged<br />
sandals, and magic pouch,<br />
Hermes’ knife<br />
• He succeeds<br />
• Pegasus born<br />
• Saved Andromeda, froze her<br />
family for deceit<br />
• Also froze Polydectes for<br />
hassling Danae<br />
Pegasus & Bellerophon<br />
• Captures<br />
Bellerophon with<br />
the golden bridle<br />
• Tries to fly to<br />
heaven and a gad<br />
fly bites Pegasus<br />
sending him to his<br />
death<br />
Hercules<br />
HER cue leez<br />
• Hearty, good-natured,<br />
prone to rages<br />
• 12 Labors<br />
• Nemean Lion, Hydra,<br />
Thrace’s flesh-eating<br />
horses, Cerebrus, etc<br />
• Made a god upon his<br />
death<br />
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