SEAMIC Newsletter Vol. 10

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8 Generalised geological map of Tanzania
Despite having such a geological environment, which is conducive for hosting diverse types of mineralization, most of the mining activities in Tanzania (gold and diamonds) are concentrated in the Archean Craton. However, in recent years, mining activities of these minerals have been extended to the mobile belts, a situation facilitated by the fact that most of the lithologies in the mobile belts originate from tectonic reworking of the marginal portions of the Craton as proved by most of the recent geochronological research findings available at the Geological Survey of Tanzania. ATTRACTIVE INVESTMENT ENVIRONMENT In the past few years, Tanzania reviewed its investment policy and adopted a Fiscal and Regulatory regime that has succeeded to attract large private sector led capital investments in a number of production sectors, mining inclusive. These policy reforms coupled with the good geological environment have led to the opening up of modern mines including six world class gold mines of North Mara (Africa Mashariki), Buhemba, Geita, Tulawaka, Bulyanhulu (Kahama), and Nzega (Golden Pride); one tanzanite mine at Merelani and one diamond mine at Mwadui. Buzwagi gold mine and Kabanga nickel mine are in an advanced stage of mine development. MINERAL DEPOSITS Gold About 90% of the total gold output has been won from the Archean Tanzania craton greenstone belts south and east of Lake Victoria in Northern Tanzania. The remainder of the gold output has been from the Ubendian Proterozoic rocks, principally in the Lupa in the southwest and Mpanda fields in the west-central Tanzania. Archean greenstones were deposited in weak zones in the primitive crust and subsequently affected by intense folding and intrusion of granites. New exploration fronts include the Kitowero Proterozoic rocks in Masasi south eastern Tanzania, Mbinga in the southwest, Handeni, Kilosa, Morogoro and Muheza in the east. The exploration trend now focuses on the mobile belts which have proved in part to represent tectonically reworked Archean crust. Gold is also known in epithermal Prospects like Wingayongo in the south east. Rich deposits in the matrix of cobbles in zones over bedrock are being mined in possibly Tertiary to Quaternary laterites and lateritic soils in the Rwamagaza greenstone belt at Buziba. Geita greenstone belt: This is an east-west trending belt which hosts the world class Geita Gold mine with a resource of 20 million ounces grading on average 4.0 g/t. The greenstone belt is marked by high relief hills, ridges and a plateau underlain by steeply dipping banded iron formation (BIF). The Nyanzian Supergroup formations comprise pyroclastics, overlying mafic volcanics. Laterite is well developed at the surface over mafic volcanic units. Gold mineralization occurs in native form, often in close association with pyrite, and pyrrhotite in fractures concordant with the bedding of banded iron formation units. Stratiform mineralization predominates although quartz reefs are mineralized at some deposits. Other Gold deposits in the belt include: Lone Cone with a resource of 3.5 M oz; Nyamulilima has a resource of 2 M oz; The Ridge 8 has a resource of over 0.5 M oz; The Saragura or Allways Deposit has a gold resource of over 271,000 ounces of gold. Rwamagaza greenstone belt: This belt lies south of the Geita Greenstone belt and probably represents the same rocks on the other limb of an anticlinorium. Outcrops of massive mafic volcanics with some thin beds of tuff are notable. The principal gold mine used to be Mawe Meru, which is a high grade gold quartz vein containing much pyrite and chalcopyrite. The 9
Page 1 and 2: SEAMIC SOUTHERN AND EASTERN AFRICAN
Page 3 and 4: INVESTING IN ANGOLA'S MINERAL WEALT
Page 5 and 6: About 90% of the Gold produced in A
Page 7 and 8: Diamond Mining Kimberlite Pit Ornam
Page 9: MINERAL RESOURCES OF TANZANIA BY GE
Page 13 and 14: Musoma-Mara greenstone belt: The Bu
Page 15 and 16: Building and dimension minerals Gra
Page 18 and 19: ♦ ♦ ♦ Karagwe-Ankolean System
Page 20 and 21: ♦ ♦ ♦ Kigezi Goldfield: The s
Page 22 and 23: eveals that in untreated form this
Page 24 and 25: News KENYA - THE NEW SEAMIC MEMBER
Page 26 and 27: Mineral Processing A training cours
Page 28 and 29: Chemical and Environmental Two trai
Page 30 and 31: COMING EVENTS MEETINGS Governing Co
Page 32: SEAMIC southern and eastern african

SEAMIC Newsletter Vol. 10

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