(1990). Ties and Bonds. Connections, 13 (3) - INSNA

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theory, which today seems to be the mainstream within the direct investment theory, gives quite different results
compared to using an interorganizational, network-oriented approach to the acquisition phenomenon .
Friedkin, Noah E. (1990) . SNAPS (Social Network Analysis Procedures) for GAUSS. Social Networks, 12, 173-178.
It is annoying to have to employ a variety of software programs in order to conduct research on networks . It is
even more annoying to have to employ a different combination of programs for each new research project that is
pursued . SNAPS for GAUSS is a response to these annoyances . GAUSS is host for SNAPS . The goal of SNAPS
for GAUSS is to provide an integrated environment in which to conduct general mathematical/statistical investigations
and social network analyses . Version 1 .0 of SNAPS represents a first step toward this goal .
Friedkin, Noah E ., & Cook, Karen S . (1990) . Peer Group Influence. Sociological Methods and Research, 19,
122-143 .
This article evaluates three models of peer group influence on opinions . Two of these models are eliminated
on theoretical and empirical grounds . The surviving model is consistent with the seminal work of French (1956) of
social influence processes and provides theoretical foundations for the convention of measuring interpersonal effects
with the mean opinion of an individual's set of peers. The model clearly points out the danger of reifying the
mean of peer's opinions . Whether or not there is a group norm, the mean of peers' opinions must be viewed strictly
as an analytical construction that may be employed to estimate the magnitude of pressures toward uniformity in a
peer group .
Fuller, Bruce, Garnier, Maurice, & Hage, Jerald . (1990) . State action and labor structure change in Mexico .
Social Forces, 68, 1165-1189 .
Third World "development" often is characterized by rapid growth in trade and service jobs, not in manufacturing
employment . Prior explanations emphasize materialist conceptions : a widening division of (white-collar)
labor is required to match technological complexity . Or the central state pushes investment of capital-intensive
industry, and resulting urban immigration outpaces growth in labor demand . This article focuses on how the central
state's penetration into rural hinterlands sparks growth in trade and service jobs . The Mexican state not only
employed rising numbers of service workers; it also legitimated socially constructed forms of work, urbanlike
knowledge and forms of status . We find that variation in state penetration across 299 rural and urban counties,
especially the sanctioning of written literacy and mass schooling, is related to growth in white-collar and informalsector
jobs (1900-1940), net the influence of counties' wealth and demographic features .
Furlong, Mary S . (1989) . An electronic community for older adults : the SeniorNet network . Journal of
Communication, 39, x-x.
From grief counseling to organizing an on-line "seniors march" on health coverage, computers have given
older adults a way to participate in contemporary culture while acquiring a new network of emotional peer support .
Gidengil, Elisabeth . (1990) . Centres and peripheries : The political culture of dependency . Candian Review of
Sociology and Anthropology, 27, x-x.
This study relates variations in Canadians' feelings of external political efficacy to their region's location in the
centre- periphery system. In Canada's peripheral regions, the lack of autonomy that is the hallmark of dependency
is reflected in residents' perceptions that little can be done to influence the political process . Francophone Quebec
is shown to be distinctive in the lack of impact of even an advantaged regional location on perceptions of government
responsiveness. A variety of ordinal loglinear models are developed to examine the impact of social class and
province . The study points to important variations in feelings of external efficacy within the provinces .
Gill, Alison M . (1990) . Friendship formation in a new coal- mining town: Planning implications . Social Science
Research, 74, 103ff.
Friendship formation is examined in the context of a new mining town in British Columbia, Canada . A survey
of residents reveals that the work environment provides an important basis for friendship formation in both direct
and indirect ways (i.e, common work locations) . The nature of work in a resource town is distinctive, with many
workers operating on shift systems and a high labor turnover rate . In the planning of the study community of
Tumbler Ridge, much effort went into considering the social elements necessary for successful community development
but, in the absence of an adequate understanding of social interaction in a resource town setting, the social
linkages between the corporate environment and the community were not well-conceived .
Fall/Winter 1990
Connections