In Fear of the Barbed Wire Fence - Ukrainian Canadian Civil ...

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“Wood for the cooks, Banff” Needlessly interned Innocent of any disloyalty, thousands of Ukrainians and other Europeans were nevertheless needlessly interned in Canadian concentration camps as “enemy aliens” following the outbreak of the First World War on 4 August 1914. Following the British Empire’s declaration of war the Government of Canada issued an order-in-council providing for the registration and, in certain cases, for the imprisonment of aliens of “enemy nationality” (see Document II, pages 3-4). Reassuring official proclamations to the contrary, the government instituted often draconian measures against those deemed to be alien enemies. [1] Thousands of Eastern European immigrants, including naturalized British subjects and even Canadians categorized as being of “foreign-born” origins, found themselves herded together into what were often makeshift encampments, located in some of the Dominion’s frontier hinterlands. [2] They were afforded no grounds for legal recourse. [3] Wartime hysteria, ignorance, xenophobia, and racism would combine over the following six years to fuel various repressive measures directed against them. Since Ukrainians were also known at the time by such regional names as “Galician”
In Fear of the Barbed Wire Fence Lured to Canada with promises of free land and freedom Ukrainian pioneer settlers en route to Edna-Star, Alberta, 1897 2
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Ukrainian Catholic chapel at Spirit
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Document IX - Pension for Internee
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Bibliography Avery, D. H. ‘Danger
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Document X: Report of Major Hopkins
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Index Amherst Daily News: 65 Amhers
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Afterword Snow at the Kapuskasing i
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About the Author Lubomyr Luciuk is
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